HEVC intra mode selection based on Rate Distortion (RD) cost and Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD)

•The relationship between SAD and RD-cost is investigated for intra mode selection.•The ‘rate’ and ‘distortion’ requirement for a given SAD value varies with the QP.•The model is derived that is based on the rate and distortion requirement for SAD.•The overall proposed algorithm efficiently short li...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Journal of visual communication and image representation Jg. 35; S. 112 - 119
Hauptverfasser:	Tariq, Junaid, Kwong, Sam, Yuan, Hui
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Elsevier Inc 01.02.2016
Schlagworte:	Algorithms Coding Complexity Construction Distortion Entropy Fast intra prediction High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Image coding Low complexity video coding Mathematical models Rate distortion cost prediction Rough mode decision Video coding Video compression Video coding Image coding Fast intra prediction Low complexity video coding High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Video compression Rough mode decision Rate distortion cost prediction
ISSN:	1047-3203, 1095-9076
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Abstract	•The relationship between SAD and RD-cost is investigated for intra mode selection.•The ‘rate’ and ‘distortion’ requirement for a given SAD value varies with the QP.•The model is derived that is based on the rate and distortion requirement for SAD.•The overall proposed algorithm efficiently short list the intra mode(s) for RDO.•The RMD module of HEVC is outperformed in terms of BD-Rate and time saving. High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoder provides higher compression efficiency by offering 35 intra modes. However, the encoding complexity is increased due to more modes are involved in the decision process. Therefore, it is desired to build a fast intra prediction algorithm that is practical for real time application. In this paper, a quadratic approach for reducing intra coding complexity is proposed. Firstly, the relationship between the RD-cost and the SAD is investigated. Secondly, a model is proposed to estimate the RD-cost of all 35 intra modes using the quadratic relation, thus avoiding the computation of entropy coding, Hadamard cost, distortion, and transform. Experimental results demonstrate that the average time saving of the proposed approach is 31–38%, while the BD-Bit Rate increment is only 0.62–1.37%, respectively.
AbstractList	High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoder provides higher compression efficiency by offering 35 intra modes. However, the encoding complexity is increased due to more modes are involved in the decision process. Therefore, it is desired to build a fast intra prediction algorithm that is practical for real time application. In this paper, a quadratic approach for reducing intra coding complexity is proposed. Firstly, the relationship between the RD-cost and the SAD is investigated. Secondly, a model is proposed to estimate the RD-cost of all 35 intra modes using the quadratic relation, thus avoiding the computation of entropy coding, Hadamard cost, distortion, and transform. Experimental results demonstrate that the average time saving of the proposed approach is 31-38%, while the BD-Bit Rate increment is only 0.62-1.37%, respectively. •The relationship between SAD and RD-cost is investigated for intra mode selection.•The ‘rate’ and ‘distortion’ requirement for a given SAD value varies with the QP.•The model is derived that is based on the rate and distortion requirement for SAD.•The overall proposed algorithm efficiently short list the intra mode(s) for RDO.•The RMD module of HEVC is outperformed in terms of BD-Rate and time saving. High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoder provides higher compression efficiency by offering 35 intra modes. However, the encoding complexity is increased due to more modes are involved in the decision process. Therefore, it is desired to build a fast intra prediction algorithm that is practical for real time application. In this paper, a quadratic approach for reducing intra coding complexity is proposed. Firstly, the relationship between the RD-cost and the SAD is investigated. Secondly, a model is proposed to estimate the RD-cost of all 35 intra modes using the quadratic relation, thus avoiding the computation of entropy coding, Hadamard cost, distortion, and transform. Experimental results demonstrate that the average time saving of the proposed approach is 31–38%, while the BD-Bit Rate increment is only 0.62–1.37%, respectively.
Author	Tariq, Junaid Kwong, Sam Yuan, Hui
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Junaid surname: Tariq fullname: Tariq, Junaid email: contact2jt@yahoo.com organization: Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong – sequence: 2 givenname: Sam surname: Kwong fullname: Kwong, Sam email: cssamk@cityu.edu.hk organization: Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong – sequence: 3 givenname: Hui surname: Yuan fullname: Yuan, Hui email: yuanhui0325@gmail.com organization: Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
BookMark	eNqFkD1P5DAQhq0TSHzdL6BxuRQJM3E-nIJitcsdSEhIcHet5dhjyatsDHYWiX9PsktFcTQzrzTvM8Vzxo6GMBBjlwg5AtbXm3zzZnzMC8AqR8wBxQ92itBWWQtNfTTnsslEAeKEnaW0AQDRivKU6bvbfyvuhzFqvg2WeKKezOjDwDudyPIpPOmR-NqnMcT9YfG0vuImpJHrwfLn3ZYHx5ddCv1uX3SOIg2G-OJ5ub66YMdO94l-fu5z9vfX7Z_VXfbw-Pt-tXzITAnFmFUktChca2rrqCm7lmwtoekkYQOVNG1RdpV0UgIg2EYYidp0UNppupZqcc4Wh78vMbzuKI1q65OhvtcDhV1SKEFiUZdYTFVxqJoYUork1Ev0Wx3fFYKahaqN2gtVs1CFqCahE9V-oYwf9Wxkkuf7b9ibA0uTgTdPUSXjZ0fWx0m3ssH_l_8Azh6TTQ
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_019_07989_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procs_2020_04_202 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_018_6001_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s12652_023_04709_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvcir_2020_102849 crossref_primary_10_1109_TBC_2018_2847464 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00371_019_01764_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvcir_2023_103888 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11554_017_0682_7 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00034_020_01482_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvcir_2017_01_029 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvcir_2020_102766 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_020_08915_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bspc_2022_103658 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2018_2883967 crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics10151839 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3079350 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvcir_2017_12_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvcir_2016_12_007 crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics10090985 crossref_primary_10_32604_cmc_2022_019541 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_018_7111_1 crossref_primary_10_3233_JIFS_169921 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_017_5074_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11554_021_01112_z crossref_primary_10_1109_TIP_2017_2778564
Cites_doi	10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221192 10.1109/ICICS.2011.6174215 10.1109/ICIP.2013.6738407 10.1109/TCSVT.2013.2249017 10.1007/978-3-319-04114-8_46 10.1109/79.733495 10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221525 10.1117/1.OE.51.3.030502 10.1109/TCSVT.2009.2020264 10.1109/VCIP.2011.6115979 10.1109/PCS.2012.6213252 10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221191 10.1109/TII.2013.2273308 10.1109/TBC.2014.2321682 10.1109/VCIP.2012.6410739 10.1109/ICIP.2012.6466835 10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2223011 10.1109/TCSVT.2009.2026946 10.1109/TCSVT.2010.2092613 10.1109/TCSVT.2013.2290578 10.1109/TCSVT.2013.2255398 10.1109/CECNet.2012.6201851 10.1007/978-3-642-34778-8_53 10.1109/ICIP.2011.6116521 10.1109/SITIS.2012.41
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2015 Elsevier Inc.
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2015 Elsevier Inc.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION 7SC 7SP 8FD JQ2 L7M L~C L~D
DOI	10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013
DatabaseName	CrossRef Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Electronics & Communications Abstracts Technology Research Database ProQuest Computer Science Collection Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Technology Research Database Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic Electronics & Communications Abstracts ProQuest Computer Science Collection Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
DatabaseTitleList	Technology Research Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Journalism & Communications Engineering
EISSN	1095-9076
EndPage	119
ExternalDocumentID	10_1016_j_jvcir_2015_11_013 S1047320315002291
GroupedDBID	--K --M .DC .~1 0R~ 1B1 1~. 1~5 29L 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AAXUO AAYFN ABBOA ABFNM ABJNI ABMAC ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACNNM ACRLP ACZNC ADBBV ADEZE ADFGL ADJOM ADMHC ADMUD ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHJVU AHZHX AIALX AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AOUOD ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CAG COF CS3 DM4 DU5 EBS EFBJH EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA GBOLZ HLZ HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W JJJVA KOM LG5 LX9 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SBC SDF SDG SDP SES SEW SPC SPCBC SST SSV SSZ T5K WH7 WUQ XPP YQT ZMT ZU3 ~G- 9DU AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP CITATION EFKBS ~HD 7SC 7SP 8FD JQ2 L7M L~C L~D
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-5e3a32f9c6dfe74b9ed6807b8e17058c924b58f880010d73c81acb04dacbf9e63
ISICitedReferencesCount	29
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000369879600010&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	1047-3203
IngestDate	Sun Sep 28 00:27:46 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 18 20:51:14 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 07:49:13 EST 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:24:19 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Keywords	Video coding Image coding Fast intra prediction Low complexity video coding High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Video compression Rough mode decision Rate distortion cost prediction
Language	English
LinkModel	OpenURL
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c402t-5e3a32f9c6dfe74b9ed6807b8e17058c924b58f880010d73c81acb04dacbf9e63
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
PQID	1808126412
PQPubID	23500
PageCount	8
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_1808126412 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvcir_2015_11_013 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_jvcir_2015_11_013 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_jvcir_2015_11_013
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	February 2016 2016-02-00 20160201
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2016-02-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 02 year: 2016 text: February 2016
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationTitle	Journal of visual communication and image representation
PublicationYear	2016
Publisher	Elsevier Inc
Publisher_xml	– name: Elsevier Inc
References	Z. Sheng, D. Zhou, H. Sun, S. Goto, Low-complexity rate–distortion optimization algorithms for hevc intra prediction, in: MultiMedia Modeling: 20th Anniversary International Conference, MMM 2014, Dublin, Ireland, 2014, pp. 6–10. J. Zhu, Z. Liu, D. Wang, Q. Han, Y. Song, Fast prediction mode decision with hadamard transform based rate–distortion cost estimation for HEVC intra coding, in: 20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2013, pp. 1977–1981. Ohm, Sullivan, Schwarz, Tan, Wiegand (b0015) 2012; 22 Liao, Yang, Sun (b0070) 2010; 20 L. Zhao, L. Zhang, M. Siwei, D. Zhao, Fast mode decision algorithm for intra prediction in hevc, in: 2011 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP), 2011, pp. 1–4. (Accessed: September, 2013). Sullivan, Ohm, Han, Wiegand (b0010) 2012; 22 Zhu, Xiong (b0090) 2009; 19 Y. Zhang, Z. Li, B. Li, Gradient-based fast decision for intra prediction in hevc, in: 2012 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP), 2012, pp. 1–6. Kim, Min, Lee, Han, Park (b0020) 2012; 22 F. Bossen, Common Test Conditions and Software Reference Configurations, Tech. Rep., Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-TVCEG and ISO/IEC MPEG, Document JCTVC-G1200, 2011. X. Shen, L. Yu, J. Chen, Fast coding unit size selection for hevc based on bayesian decision rule, in: Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), 2012, 2012, pp. 453–456. Ortega, Ramchandran (b0045) 1998; 15 J. Kim, J. Yang, H. Lee, B. Jeon, Fast intra mode decision of hevc based on hierarchical structure, in: 2011 8th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing (ICICS), 2011, pp. 1–4. W. Jiang, M. Hanjie, Y. Chen, Gradient based fast mode decision algorithm for intra prediction in hevc, in: 2012 2nd International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet), 2012, pp. 1836–1840. S. Yan, L. Hong, W. He, Q. Wang, Group-based fast mode decision algorithm for intra prediction in HEVC, in: 2012 Eighth International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems (SITIS), 2012, pp. 225–229. Ugur, Andersson, Fuldseth, Bjontegaard, Endresen, Lainema, Hallapuro, Ridge, Rusanovskyy, Zhang, Norkin, Priddle, Rusert, Samuelsson, Sjoberg, Wu (b0005) 2010; 20 M. Winken, P. Helle, D. Marpe, H. Schwarz, T. Wiegand, Transform codinginthe hevc test model, in: 2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2011, pp. 3693–3696. Lainema, Bossen, Han, Min, Ugur (b0030) 2012; 22 Wang, Siu (b0060) 2013; 23 G. Bjontegaard, Calculating of Average PSNR Differences Between RD-Curves, Tech. Rep., Proc. ITU-T SB16/Q.6 VCEG 13th Meeting, Austin, TX, USA, April 2001. Hevc Test Model. Yeh, Li, Chen, Chi, Huang, Chi (b0085) 2014; 10 Zhang, Ma (b0065) 2014; 24 K. Choi, E.S. Jang, Fast coding unit decision method based on coding tree pruning for high efficiency video coding, in: Optical Engineering, vol. 51, 2012. M. Zhang, C. Zhao, J. Xu, An adaptive fast intra mode decision in HEVC, in: 2012 19th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2012, pp. 221–224. Pan, Kwong, Sun, Lei (b0025) 2014; 60 H.L. Tan, C.H. Yeo, Y.H. Tan, Z.G. Li, Non ce6: Unification of the Number of Intra Prediction Modes, Joint Collaborative Team Video Coding (JCT-VC) ITU-T VCEG ISO/IEC MPEG, Document JCTVCH0166, San Jose, CA, USA. H. Zhang, Z. Ma, Fast intra prediction for high efficiency video coding, in: Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia (PCM), 2012, pp. 568–577. Cho, Kim (b0095) 2013; 23 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0040 Liao (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0070) 2010; 20 Ortega (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0045) 1998; 15 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0140 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0120 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0145 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0100 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0125 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0105 Ohm (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0015) 2012; 22 Wang (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0060) 2013; 23 Zhang (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0065) 2014; 24 Cho (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0095) 2013; 23 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0050 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0075 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0130 Zhu (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0090) 2009; 19 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0055 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0110 Pan (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0025) 2014; 60 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0035 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0135 Lainema (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0030) 2012; 22 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0115 Kim (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0020) 2012; 22 Ugur (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0005) 2010; 20 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0080 Sullivan (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0010) 2012; 22 Yeh (10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0085) 2014; 10
References_xml	– volume: 20 start-page: 1688 year: 2010 end-page: 1697 ident: b0005 article-title: High performance, low complexity video coding and the emerging HEVC standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: > (Accessed: September, 2013). – reference: M. Zhang, C. Zhao, J. Xu, An adaptive fast intra mode decision in HEVC, in: 2012 19th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2012, pp. 221–224. – volume: 10 start-page: 594 year: 2014 end-page: 603 ident: b0085 article-title: Fast mode decision algorithm through inter-view rate–distortion prediction for multiview video coding system publication-title: IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. – reference: Hevc Test Model. < – reference: L. Zhao, L. Zhang, M. Siwei, D. Zhao, Fast mode decision algorithm for intra prediction in hevc, in: 2011 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP), 2011, pp. 1–4. – volume: 24 start-page: 660 year: 2014 end-page: 668 ident: b0065 article-title: Fast intra mode decision for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: W. Jiang, M. Hanjie, Y. Chen, Gradient based fast mode decision algorithm for intra prediction in hevc, in: 2012 2nd International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet), 2012, pp. 1836–1840. – volume: 15 start-page: 23 year: 1998 end-page: 50 ident: b0045 article-title: Rate–distortion methods for image and video compression publication-title: IEEE Signal Process. Mag. – reference: Y. Zhang, Z. Li, B. Li, Gradient-based fast decision for intra prediction in hevc, in: 2012 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP), 2012, pp. 1–6. – reference: S. Yan, L. Hong, W. He, Q. Wang, Group-based fast mode decision algorithm for intra prediction in HEVC, in: 2012 Eighth International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems (SITIS), 2012, pp. 225–229. – reference: G. Bjontegaard, Calculating of Average PSNR Differences Between RD-Curves, Tech. Rep., Proc. ITU-T SB16/Q.6 VCEG 13th Meeting, Austin, TX, USA, April 2001. – reference: K. Choi, E.S. Jang, Fast coding unit decision method based on coding tree pruning for high efficiency video coding, in: Optical Engineering, vol. 51, 2012. – volume: 23 start-page: 1555 year: 2013 end-page: 1564 ident: b0095 article-title: Fast CU splitting and pruning for suboptimal CU partitioning in HEVC intra coding publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: H.L. Tan, C.H. Yeo, Y.H. Tan, Z.G. Li, Non ce6: Unification of the Number of Intra Prediction Modes, Joint Collaborative Team Video Coding (JCT-VC) ITU-T VCEG ISO/IEC MPEG, Document JCTVCH0166, San Jose, CA, USA. – volume: 22 start-page: 1792 year: 2012 end-page: 1801 ident: b0030 article-title: Intra coding of the HEVC standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – volume: 23 start-page: 1686 year: 2013 end-page: 1694 ident: b0060 article-title: Novel adaptive algorithm for intra prediction with compromised modes skipping and signaling processes in HEVC publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: X. Shen, L. Yu, J. Chen, Fast coding unit size selection for hevc based on bayesian decision rule, in: Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), 2012, 2012, pp. 453–456. – reference: Z. Sheng, D. Zhou, H. Sun, S. Goto, Low-complexity rate–distortion optimization algorithms for hevc intra prediction, in: MultiMedia Modeling: 20th Anniversary International Conference, MMM 2014, Dublin, Ireland, 2014, pp. 6–10. – volume: 60 start-page: 405 year: 2014 end-page: 412 ident: b0025 article-title: Early merge mode decision based on motion estimation and hierarchical depth correlation for hevc publication-title: IEEE Trans. Broadcast. – volume: 20 start-page: 38 year: 2010 end-page: 49 ident: b0070 article-title: Rate–distortion cost estimation for H.264/AVC publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: F. Bossen, Common Test Conditions and Software Reference Configurations, Tech. Rep., Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-TVCEG and ISO/IEC MPEG, Document JCTVC-G1200, 2011. – volume: 22 start-page: 1649 year: 2012 end-page: 1668 ident: b0010 article-title: Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: J. Kim, J. Yang, H. Lee, B. Jeon, Fast intra mode decision of hevc based on hierarchical structure, in: 2011 8th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing (ICICS), 2011, pp. 1–4. – volume: 22 start-page: 1697 year: 2012 end-page: 1706 ident: b0020 article-title: Block partitioning structure in the HEVC standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: J. Zhu, Z. Liu, D. Wang, Q. Han, Y. Song, Fast prediction mode decision with hadamard transform based rate–distortion cost estimation for HEVC intra coding, in: 20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2013, pp. 1977–1981. – volume: 19 start-page: 1183 year: 2009 end-page: 1188 ident: b0090 article-title: Transform-exempted calculation of sum of absolute hadamard transformed differences publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – reference: H. Zhang, Z. Ma, Fast intra prediction for high efficiency video coding, in: Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia (PCM), 2012, pp. 568–577. – reference: M. Winken, P. Helle, D. Marpe, H. Schwarz, T. Wiegand, Transform codinginthe hevc test model, in: 2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2011, pp. 3693–3696. – volume: 22 start-page: 1669 year: 2012 end-page: 1684 ident: b0015 article-title: Comparison of the coding efficiency of video coding standards including High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. – volume: 22 start-page: 1669 issue: 12 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0015 article-title: Comparison of the coding efficiency of video coding standards including High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221192 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0145 doi: 10.1109/ICICS.2011.6174215 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0055 doi: 10.1109/ICIP.2013.6738407 – volume: 23 start-page: 1555 issue: 9 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0095 article-title: Fast CU splitting and pruning for suboptimal CU partitioning in HEVC intra coding publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2013.2249017 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0050 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-04114-8_46 – volume: 15 start-page: 23 issue: 6 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0045 article-title: Rate–distortion methods for image and video compression publication-title: IEEE Signal Process. Mag. doi: 10.1109/79.733495 – volume: 22 start-page: 1792 issue: 12 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0030 article-title: Intra coding of the HEVC standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221525 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0130 doi: 10.1117/1.OE.51.3.030502 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0100 – volume: 19 start-page: 1183 issue: 8 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0090 article-title: Transform-exempted calculation of sum of absolute hadamard transformed differences publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2009.2020264 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0075 doi: 10.1109/VCIP.2011.6115979 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0135 doi: 10.1109/PCS.2012.6213252 – volume: 22 start-page: 1649 issue: 12 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0010 article-title: Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221191 – volume: 10 start-page: 594 issue: 1 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0085 article-title: Fast mode decision algorithm through inter-view rate–distortion prediction for multiview video coding system publication-title: IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. doi: 10.1109/TII.2013.2273308 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0035 – volume: 60 start-page: 405 issue: 2 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0025 article-title: Early merge mode decision based on motion estimation and hierarchical depth correlation for hevc publication-title: IEEE Trans. Broadcast. doi: 10.1109/TBC.2014.2321682 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0115 doi: 10.1109/VCIP.2012.6410739 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0125 doi: 10.1109/ICIP.2012.6466835 – volume: 22 start-page: 1697 issue: 12 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0020 article-title: Block partitioning structure in the HEVC standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2223011 – volume: 20 start-page: 38 issue: 1 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0070 article-title: Rate–distortion cost estimation for H.264/AVC publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2009.2026946 – volume: 20 start-page: 1688 issue: 12 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0005 article-title: High performance, low complexity video coding and the emerging HEVC standard publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2010.2092613 – volume: 24 start-page: 660 issue: 4 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0065 article-title: Fast intra mode decision for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2013.2290578 – volume: 23 start-page: 1686 issue: 10 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0060 article-title: Novel adaptive algorithm for intra prediction with compromised modes skipping and signaling processes in HEVC publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2013.2255398 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0040 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0110 doi: 10.1109/CECNet.2012.6201851 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0080 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-34778-8_53 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0140 doi: 10.1109/ICIP.2011.6116521 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0105 – ident: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013_b0120 doi: 10.1109/SITIS.2012.41
SSID	ssj0003934
Score	2.2538254
Snippet	•The relationship between SAD and RD-cost is investigated for intra mode selection.•The ‘rate’ and ‘distortion’ requirement for a given SAD value varies with... High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoder provides higher compression efficiency by offering 35 intra modes. However, the encoding complexity is increased...
SourceID	proquest crossref elsevier
SourceType	Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher
StartPage	112
SubjectTerms	Algorithms Coding Complexity Construction Distortion Entropy Fast intra prediction High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Image coding Low complexity video coding Mathematical models Rate distortion cost prediction Rough mode decision Video coding Video compression
Title	HEVC intra mode selection based on Rate Distortion (RD) cost and Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD)
URI	https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.11.013 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1808126412
Volume	35
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000369879600010&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021 customDbUrl: eissn: 1095-9076 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0003934 issn: 1047-3203 databaseCode: AIEXJ dateStart: 19950301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Pb9MwFLaqjgMcEAwQ2wAZCaFNkClxftnHai0qHCbUDtRb5DiO1GpNR9OU_R_8w7znxGm3QcUOXKw0ciK339fnZ_u97xHyThrBHKEd5uXcCSKmHZGxwFFRyqJcRnma5abYRHx-zicT8bXT-WVzYdaXcVHw62tx9V-hhnsANqbO3gPu9qVwA64BdGgBdmj_Cfjh4PsZqkAspSlz86E0lW4QZZyxMjwdGIGDibqbsN5u4OejPu4PqEVZR5yPq7nxUVMzVuycW0Fa6Dzu9e0Owl2_dj0tKyM6spV5Uh9RzDE-yKho2oynTRQwLNl_1FkihbRB9jAN_Gwihsdy3tqnqt6zHVbT7S0Lr41ybq0sykP4zPW3zbAfbtlRr4mt1s0n8UdrX288zE5nazVFbVcvPEVF1jq59aa29q05r41EtEFus8S8JMGXwKoocbES8h6LQ8G7ZK_3eTD50k7wvqiDFey3sGJWJmzwzlj-5vDcmvqNP3PxhDxuAKO9mkBPSUcX--TRljzlPjlqOk3LOX1Pb6QSlc-IRKJRQzSKRKMt0aghGoULJBrdEI0ej_onFElGgRAUSEYXObUkoxuS0WOg2Mlz8u3T4OJs6DQFOxwVuGzlhNqXPsuFirJcx0EqdBZxN065RtEmrmCtn4Y8hynD9dws9hX3pErdIIM2FzryX5BusSj0S0KDTIlUh75mLAs4oCCF8rKYMU9L7vv6gDD7qyaqUbPHoiqXyQ5ED8jH9qGrWsxld_fIwpU0_mjtZyZAwN0PvrXgJmCt8QhOFnpRlYmHhW5gDeKxw_uN5Yg83PyTXpHualnp1-SBWq-m5fJNw9Dfj0q3eA
linkProvider	Elsevier
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=HEVC+intra+mode+selection+based+on+Rate+Distortion+%28RD%29+cost+and+Sum+of+Absolute+Difference+%28SAD%29&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+visual+communication+and+image+representation&rft.au=Tariq%2C+Junaid&rft.au=Kwong%2C+Sam&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Hui&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.issn=1047-3203&rft.volume=35&rft.spage=112&rft.epage=119&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jvcir.2015.11.013&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_jvcir_2015_11_013
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1047-3203&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1047-3203&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1047-3203&client=summon