Stochastic security constrained unit commitment incorporating demand side reserve
•An energy and reserve market based on two-stage stochastic programming is proposed.•Spinning and demand side reserves are considered as operating reserve services.•Demand side (DS) reserve is modeled as emergency demand response program.•Demand side reserve causes reducing cost and increasing relia...
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| Published in: | International journal of electrical power & energy systems Vol. 56; pp. 175 - 184 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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01.03.2014
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| ISSN: | 0142-0615, 1879-3517 |
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| Abstract | •An energy and reserve market based on two-stage stochastic programming is proposed.•Spinning and demand side reserves are considered as operating reserve services.•Demand side (DS) reserve is modeled as emergency demand response program.•Demand side reserve causes reducing cost and increasing reliability significantly.•Increasing incentive price and electricity price would increase DS participation.
Increasing the social welfare and achieving real competitive markets are the main purposes of consumers participation in electricity markets. Hence, Demand Response Programs (DRPs) have been designed to consider the consumers participation. One of these programs named Emergency Demand Response Program (EDRP) is based on consumers’ responses to high electricity prices and to the incentives that are paid by Independent System Operators (ISOs) in the critical hours. In this paper, a model has been proposed for EDRP participation in the Stochastic Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) program. Both the spinning reserve and the demand side reserve, which is modeled as EDRP, are taken into account as the operating reserve services. The effects of EDRP and its parameters on the system operation cost have been investigated under power system uncertainties. The two-stage stochastic SCUC model has been utilized for simultaneous clearing of energy and reserve markets. Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) has been used for modeling the proposed method in the GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System) environment. The proposed model is applied to a 6-bus test system and a modified IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS) to demonstrate its effectiveness. |
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| AbstractList | Increasing the social welfare and achieving real competitive markets are the main purposes of consumers participation in electricity markets. Hence, Demand Response Programs (DRPs) have been designed to consider the consumers participation. One of these programs named Emergency Demand Response Program (EDRP) is based on consumers' responses to high electricity prices and to the incentives that are paid by Independent System Operators (ISOs) in the critical hours. In this paper, a model has been proposed for EDRP participation in the Stochastic Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) program. Both the spinning reserve and the demand side reserve, which is modeled as EDRP, are taken into account as the operating reserve services. The effects of EDRP and its parameters on the system operation cost have been investigated under power system uncertainties. The two-stage stochastic SCUC model has been utilized for simultaneous clearing of energy and reserve markets. Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) has been used for modeling the proposed method in the GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System) environment. The proposed model is applied to a 6-bus test system and a modified IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS) to demonstrate its effectiveness. •An energy and reserve market based on two-stage stochastic programming is proposed.•Spinning and demand side reserves are considered as operating reserve services.•Demand side (DS) reserve is modeled as emergency demand response program.•Demand side reserve causes reducing cost and increasing reliability significantly.•Increasing incentive price and electricity price would increase DS participation. Increasing the social welfare and achieving real competitive markets are the main purposes of consumers participation in electricity markets. Hence, Demand Response Programs (DRPs) have been designed to consider the consumers participation. One of these programs named Emergency Demand Response Program (EDRP) is based on consumers’ responses to high electricity prices and to the incentives that are paid by Independent System Operators (ISOs) in the critical hours. In this paper, a model has been proposed for EDRP participation in the Stochastic Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) program. Both the spinning reserve and the demand side reserve, which is modeled as EDRP, are taken into account as the operating reserve services. The effects of EDRP and its parameters on the system operation cost have been investigated under power system uncertainties. The two-stage stochastic SCUC model has been utilized for simultaneous clearing of energy and reserve markets. Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) has been used for modeling the proposed method in the GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System) environment. The proposed model is applied to a 6-bus test system and a modified IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS) to demonstrate its effectiveness. |
| Author | Hosseini, Seyed Hamid Sahebi, Mir Mohammad Reza |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.857016 10.1109/PES.2006.1708965 10.1109/TSG.2010.2046430 10.1109/ICPST.2006.321461 10.1109/TDC.2008.4517059 10.1109/PTC.2009.5281812 10.1109/59.898098 10.1109/TPWRS.2009.2023259 10.1109/59.651628 10.1016/j.ijepes.2010.12.018 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.05.041 10.1109/TSG.2011.2105287 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.894843 10.1109/PECON.2008.4762675 10.1109/TPWRS.2008.926719 |
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| Keywords | Emergency demand response program Demand side reserve Two-stage mixed integer linear programming Stochastic security constrained unit commitment Performance evaluation Dispatching problem Stochastic model Costs Power system economics Power distribution planning Modeling Welfare Power markets IEEE standards ISO standard Safety Emergency system Multistage method Spinning reserve Power system planning Mixed integer programming Forecasting management Bus system Electrical network Open market Effectiveness factor Reliability |
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| References_xml | – reference: Goel L, Wu Q, Wang P. Reliability enhancement of a deregulated power system considering demand response. IEEE PES general meeting; 2006. – reference: Kim DH, Kim DM, Kim JO. Determination of the optimal incentives and amount of load reduction for a retailer to maximize profits considering demand response programs. In: Proc 2008 IEEE int conf power energy; 2008. p. 1290–5. – reference: Kia M, Sahebi M, Abedini E, Hosseini SH. Simultaneous implementation of optimal demand response and security constrained unit commitment. In: IEEE 16th conference on electrical power distribution networks; 2011. – reference: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Regulatory commission survey on demand response and time based rate programs/tariffs; August 2006. < – reference: Emergency demand response program manual. New York Independent System Operator (NYISO). < – reference: Azami R, Abbasi, Shakeri J, Faraji Fard A. 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| Snippet | •An energy and reserve market based on two-stage stochastic programming is proposed.•Spinning and demand side reserves are considered as operating reserve... Increasing the social welfare and achieving real competitive markets are the main purposes of consumers participation in electricity markets. Hence, Demand... |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Constraints Consumers Demand Demand side reserve Electric power generation Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering Electrical power engineering Emergency demand response program Exact sciences and technology Markets Miscellaneous Operation. Load control. Reliability Power networks and lines Reserves Security Stochastic security constrained unit commitment Stochasticity Two-stage mixed integer linear programming |
| Title | Stochastic security constrained unit commitment incorporating demand side reserve |
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