Development and application of SPE-LC-PDA method for the determination of triazines in water and liquid sludge samples

The solid phase extraction method has been developed and applied for the simultaneous analysis of the five most commonly used triazine pesticides. The analysis was conducted using a liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector, which was first optimized to improve the limit of quantification and...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of environmental management Jg. 249; S. 109415
Hauptverfasser: Kunene, Philisiwe N., Mahlambi, Precious N.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2019
Schlagworte:
chemical species
detection limit
Environmental samples
liquid chromatography
Liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector
pesticides
river water
sludge
Solid phase extraction
solvents
South Africa
standard deviation
Triazine herbicides
triazines
wastewater
South Africa
Solid phase extraction
Liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector
Environmental samples
Triazine herbicides
ISSN:0301-4797, 1095-8630, 1095-8630
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Zusammenfassung:The solid phase extraction method has been developed and applied for the simultaneous analysis of the five most commonly used triazine pesticides. The analysis was conducted using a liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector, which was first optimized to improve the limit of quantification and detection. The extraction parameters (conditioning solvent and sample volume) that affect the recovery of the analytes for solid phase extraction were optimized. The recoveries obtained were between 107 and 111%. The limit of detection ranged between 0.668 and 1.16 μg/L and the limit of quantification ranged between 2.01 and 3.54 μg/L. Good precision with a relative standard deviation of less than 8% in all compounds was achieved. The developed and validated method was then applied to river water, wastewater and sludge samples from around KwaZulu-Natal. The quantified concentrations ranged from 8.35 to 2820 μg/L, 2.41–48.7 μg/L and 3.20–65.0 μg/L in sludge, wastewater, and river water respectively. •SPE-LC-PDA was developed for determination of the selected triazine herbicides.•Triazine compounds were detected in river, wastewater and sludge samples.•Simazine had the highest concentration of 2820 μg/L μg L−1 in liquid sludge samples.•Concentrations obtained in cold season were higher compared to hot season.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:0301-4797
1095-8630
1095-8630
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109415