Influence of the painting medium on the alteration process of smalt in oil paintings studied using combined K and Co K-edge XANES

This study investigates the alteration processes affecting the smalt pigment in historical artworks through a combination of analytical techniques including X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the potassium (K) and cobalt (Co) K-edges, coupled with scanning electron microsco...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied physics. A, Materials science & processing Vol. 130; no. 11; p. 781
Main Authors: de Mecquenem, Clément, Eveno, Myriam, Zurbach, Damaris, Mösl, Kristina, Cotte, Marine, Reiche, Ina
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.11.2024
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag
Series:SR2A - Synchrotron radiation and neutrons in Art and Archaeology 2023
Subjects:
18th century
Aging
Art works
Binding
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemical Sciences
Clustering
Cobalt
Condensed Matter Physics
Data analysis
Degradation
Humanities and Social Sciences
Machines
Manufacturing
Nanotechnology
Oil painting
Optical and Electronic Materials
Paints
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Pigments
Potassium
Processes
S.I. : SR2A - Synchrotron radiation and neutrons in Art and Archaeology 2023
Scanning electron microscopy
Spectral signatures
Spectrum analysis
SR2A - Synchrotron radiation and neutrons in Art and Archaeology 2023
Surfaces and Interfaces
Thin Films
X ray absorption
X-ray fluorescence
Alteration
Smalt
XANES
Medium
Oil paintings
smalt
oil paintings
alteration
medium
ISSN:0947-8396, 1432-0630
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:This study investigates the alteration processes affecting the smalt pigment in historical artworks through a combination of analytical techniques including X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the potassium (K) and cobalt (Co) K-edges, coupled with scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and micro X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping (µ-XRF). Laboratory mock-up samples prepared with different oil binding media were artificially aged, revealing varying rates of smalt degradation. µ-XANES analyses at the K K-edge provided grain-scale insights into smalt alteration, highlighting the influence of binding media composition on degradation kinetics. Crossed clustering data analysis over K µ-XANES acquired on both model samples and historical cross-sections corroborated findings and identified distinct spectral signatures associated with different stages of smalt degradation. Furthermore, identification of potential transformation products such as potassium alum in historical samples emphasized the dynamic nature of pigment alteration processes.
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ISSN:0947-8396
1432-0630
DOI:10.1007/s00339-024-07943-4