Flow Simulation in the Upper Respiratory Tract of Two Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Successful and Failed Surgery
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder which may need to be treated by the upper respiratory tract (URT) surgery. To increase the success rate of the URT surgery, it is crucial to understand the flow features in the URT models. In this work, the turbulent flow characteristics in four 3D...
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| Published in: | Computational and mathematical methods in medicine Vol. 2021; pp. 1 - 12 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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07.05.2021
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| ISSN: | 1748-670X, 1748-6718, 1748-6718 |
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| Abstract | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder which may need to be treated by the upper respiratory tract (URT) surgery. To increase the success rate of the URT surgery, it is crucial to understand the flow features in the URT models. In this work, the turbulent flow characteristics in four 3D anatomically accurate URT models reconstructed from two OSA subjects with successful and failed surgery are numerically studied by the large-eddy simulation (LES) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS). The features of velocity fields, pressure fields, and wall shear stress fields as well as the spectral analysis of wall shear stress between successful and failed surgery are explored. The results indicate that LES is capable of capturing flow patterns and flow oscillation and is effective for OSA surgery prediction. Even if the unsteady RANS can obtain the correct pressure drop across the airways, it may not be appropriate to be used for surgery prediction. Moreover, it is found that the quality of oscillating signal of wall shear stress is a key factor in surgery prediction. In a successful surgery, the wall shear stress oscillation is always strong, and the oscillating signal can perform a dominant frequency near 3~5 Hz, while in a failed surgery it does not show this clear intrinsic property. The results not only will gain new insights in the URT surgical planning but also will improve the prediction of surgical outcome for OSA patients. |
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| AbstractList | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder which may need to be treated by the upper respiratory tract (URT) surgery. To increase the success rate of the URT surgery, it is crucial to understand the flow features in the URT models. In this work, the turbulent flow characteristics in four 3D anatomically accurate URT models reconstructed from two OSA subjects with successful and failed surgery are numerically studied by the large-eddy simulation (LES) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS). The features of velocity fields, pressure fields, and wall shear stress fields as well as the spectral analysis of wall shear stress between successful and failed surgery are explored. The results indicate that LES is capable of capturing flow patterns and flow oscillation and is effective for OSA surgery prediction. Even if the unsteady RANS can obtain the correct pressure drop across the airways, it may not be appropriate to be used for surgery prediction. Moreover, it is found that the quality of oscillating signal of wall shear stress is a key factor in surgery prediction. In a successful surgery, the wall shear stress oscillation is always strong, and the oscillating signal can perform a dominant frequency near 3~5 Hz, while in a failed surgery it does not show this clear intrinsic property. The results not only will gain new insights in the URT surgical planning but also will improve the prediction of surgical outcome for OSA patients. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder which may need to be treated by the upper respiratory tract (URT) surgery. To increase the success rate of the URT surgery, it is crucial to understand the flow features in the URT models. In this work, the turbulent flow characteristics in four 3D anatomically accurate URT models reconstructed from two OSA subjects with successful and failed surgery are numerically studied by the large-eddy simulation (LES) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS). The features of velocity fields, pressure fields, and wall shear stress fields as well as the spectral analysis of wall shear stress between successful and failed surgery are explored. The results indicate that LES is capable of capturing flow patterns and flow oscillation and is effective for OSA surgery prediction. Even if the unsteady RANS can obtain the correct pressure drop across the airways, it may not be appropriate to be used for surgery prediction. Moreover, it is found that the quality of oscillating signal of wall shear stress is a key factor in surgery prediction. In a successful surgery, the wall shear stress oscillation is always strong, and the oscillating signal can perform a dominant frequency near 3~5 Hz, while in a failed surgery it does not show this clear intrinsic property. The results not only will gain new insights in the URT surgical planning but also will improve the prediction of surgical outcome for OSA patients.Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder which may need to be treated by the upper respiratory tract (URT) surgery. To increase the success rate of the URT surgery, it is crucial to understand the flow features in the URT models. In this work, the turbulent flow characteristics in four 3D anatomically accurate URT models reconstructed from two OSA subjects with successful and failed surgery are numerically studied by the large-eddy simulation (LES) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS). The features of velocity fields, pressure fields, and wall shear stress fields as well as the spectral analysis of wall shear stress between successful and failed surgery are explored. The results indicate that LES is capable of capturing flow patterns and flow oscillation and is effective for OSA surgery prediction. Even if the unsteady RANS can obtain the correct pressure drop across the airways, it may not be appropriate to be used for surgery prediction. Moreover, it is found that the quality of oscillating signal of wall shear stress is a key factor in surgery prediction. In a successful surgery, the wall shear stress oscillation is always strong, and the oscillating signal can perform a dominant frequency near 3~5 Hz, while in a failed surgery it does not show this clear intrinsic property. The results not only will gain new insights in the URT surgical planning but also will improve the prediction of surgical outcome for OSA patients. |
| Author | Shao, Jiacun Liu, Yang Lu, Mingzhen Yan, Weiwei |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China – name: 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jiacun orcidid: 0000-0003-1032-7878 surname: Shao fullname: Shao, Jiacun organization: College of Metrology and Measurement EngineeringChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhouChinacjlu.edu.cn – sequence: 2 givenname: Weiwei orcidid: 0000-0002-8640-6700 surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Weiwei organization: College of Metrology and Measurement EngineeringChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhouChinacjlu.edu.cn – sequence: 3 givenname: Yang orcidid: 0000-0002-2883-8329 surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Yang organization: Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kongpolyu.edu.hk – sequence: 4 givenname: Mingzhen surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Mingzhen organization: Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kongpolyu.edu.hk |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Jiacun Shao et al. Copyright © 2021 Jiacun Shao et al. 2021 |
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| References | S. B. Pope (16) 2009 26 S. V. Narasimhan (25) 2005 10 11 12 13 14 S. Yim (22) 2006 17 18 19 W. Yan (15) 2020; 203-210 D. Lars (23) 2014 A. Papoulis (24) 2002 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 21 |
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| Title | Flow Simulation in the Upper Respiratory Tract of Two Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Successful and Failed Surgery |
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