Polysaccharides in Agro-Industrial Biomass Residues

The large-scale industrial use of polysaccharides to obtain energy is one of the most discussed subjects in science. However, modern concepts of biorefinery have promoted the diversification of the use of these polymers in several bioproducts incorporating concepts of sustainability and the circular...

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Published in:Polysaccharides Vol. 3; no. 1; pp. 95 - 120
Main Authors: Souza, Márcio Araújo de, Vilas-Boas, Isis Tavares, Leite-da-Silva, Jôse Maria, Abrahão, Pérsia do Nascimento, Teixeira-Costa, Barbara E., Veiga-Junior, Valdir F.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.03.2022
Subjects:
Agricultural production
agro-industrial residues
animal residues
Animals
Biomass
Biopolymers
By products
Cellulose
Chitin
Consumption
Cosmetics
Food waste
forest residues
Fruits
Hemicellulose
Hyaluronic acid
Industrial applications
Inulin
Macromolecules
Pectin
Physicochemical properties
Polysaccharides
Renewable resources
Seafood
Sustainable development
United States > US
ISSN:2673-4176, 2673-4176
Online Access:Get full text
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Abstract The large-scale industrial use of polysaccharides to obtain energy is one of the most discussed subjects in science. However, modern concepts of biorefinery have promoted the diversification of the use of these polymers in several bioproducts incorporating concepts of sustainability and the circular economy. This work summarizes the major sources of agro-industrial residues, physico-chemical properties, and recent application trends of cellulose, chitin, hyaluronic acid, inulin, and pectin. These macromolecules were selected due to their industrial importance and valuable functional and biological applications that have aroused market interests, such as for the production of medicines, cosmetics, and sustainable packaging. Estimations of global industrial residue production based on major crop data from the United States Department of Agriculture were performed for cellulose content from maize, rice, and wheat, showing that these residues may contain up to 18%, 44%, and 35% of cellulose and 45%, 22%, and 22% of hemicellulose, respectively. The United States (~32%), China (~20%), and the European Union (~18%) are the main countries producing cellulose and hemicellulose-rich residues from maize, rice, and wheat crops, respectively. Pectin and inulin are commonly obtained from fruit (~30%) and vegetable (~28%) residues, while chitin and hyaluronic acid are primarily found in animal waste, e.g., seafood (~3%) and poultry (~4%).
AbstractList The large-scale industrial use of polysaccharides to obtain energy is one of the most discussed subjects in science. However, modern concepts of biorefinery have promoted the diversification of the use of these polymers in several bioproducts incorporating concepts of sustainability and the circular economy. This work summarizes the major sources of agro-industrial residues, physico-chemical properties, and recent application trends of cellulose, chitin, hyaluronic acid, inulin, and pectin. These macromolecules were selected due to their industrial importance and valuable functional and biological applications that have aroused market interests, such as for the production of medicines, cosmetics, and sustainable packaging. Estimations of global industrial residue production based on major crop data from the United States Department of Agriculture were performed for cellulose content from maize, rice, and wheat, showing that these residues may contain up to 18%, 44%, and 35% of cellulose and 45%, 22%, and 22% of hemicellulose, respectively. The United States (~32%), China (~20%), and the European Union (~18%) are the main countries producing cellulose and hemicellulose-rich residues from maize, rice, and wheat crops, respectively. Pectin and inulin are commonly obtained from fruit (~30%) and vegetable (~28%) residues, while chitin and hyaluronic acid are primarily found in animal waste, e.g., seafood (~3%) and poultry (~4%).
Author Veiga-Junior, Valdir F.
Souza, Márcio Araújo de
Vilas-Boas, Isis Tavares
Teixeira-Costa, Barbara E.
Leite-da-Silva, Jôse Maria
Abrahão, Pérsia do Nascimento
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Snippet The large-scale industrial use of polysaccharides to obtain energy is one of the most discussed subjects in science. However, modern concepts of biorefinery...
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SubjectTerms Agricultural production
agro-industrial residues
animal residues
Animals
Biomass
Biopolymers
By products
Cellulose
Chitin
Consumption
Cosmetics
Food waste
forest residues
Fruits
Hemicellulose
Hyaluronic acid
Industrial applications
Inulin
Macromolecules
Pectin
Physicochemical properties
Polysaccharides
Renewable resources
Seafood
Sustainable development
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