Minireview: the role of nuclear receptors in photoreceptor differentiation and disease

Rod and cone photoreceptors are specialized sensory cells that mediate vision. Transcriptional controls are critical for the development and long-term survival of photoreceptors; when these controls become ineffective, retinal dysfunction or degenerative disease may result. This review discusses the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) Vol. 26; no. 6; p. 905
Main Authors: Forrest, Douglas, Swaroop, Anand
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.06.2012
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Differentiation
Eye Diseases - metabolism
Eye Diseases - pathology
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Ligands
Mutation
Phenotype
Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism
Photoreceptor Cells - physiology
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - genetics
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - physiology
Signal Transduction
Vision, Ocular
ISSN:1944-9917, 1944-9917
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Rod and cone photoreceptors are specialized sensory cells that mediate vision. Transcriptional controls are critical for the development and long-term survival of photoreceptors; when these controls become ineffective, retinal dysfunction or degenerative disease may result. This review discusses the role of nuclear receptors, a class of ligand-regulated transcription factors, at key stages of photoreceptor life in the mammalian retina. Nuclear receptors with known ligands, such as retinoids or thyroid hormone, together with several orphan receptors without identified physiological ligands, complement other classes of transcription factors in directing the differentiation and functional maintenance of photoreceptors. The potential of nuclear receptors to respond to ligands introduces versatility into the control of photoreceptor development and function and may suggest new opportunities for treatments of photoreceptor disease.
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ISSN:1944-9917
1944-9917
DOI:10.1210/me.2012-1010