Neuropsychology of traumatic brain injury: An expert overview

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious healthcare problem, and this report is a selective review of recent findings on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and neuropsychological impairments following TBI. Patients who survive moderate-to-severe TBI frequently suffer from a wide range of cognitive d...

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Vydáno v:Revue neurologique Ročník 173; číslo 7-8; s. 461 - 472
Hlavní autoři: Azouvi, P., Arnould, A., Dromer, E., Vallat-Azouvi, C.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: France Elsevier Masson SAS 01.07.2017
Elsevier Masson
Témata:
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - complications
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - physiopathology
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - psychology
Cognition Disorders - etiology
Cognition Disorders - physiopathology
Cognition Disorders - psychology
Cognitive science
Executive function
Executive Function - physiology
Humans
Memory
Neuropsychological Tests
Neuropsychology
Neuroscience
Psychology
Traumatic brain injury: Cognition
Executive function
Memory
Traumatic brain injury: Cognition
ISSN:0035-3787
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Shrnutí:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious healthcare problem, and this report is a selective review of recent findings on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and neuropsychological impairments following TBI. Patients who survive moderate-to-severe TBI frequently suffer from a wide range of cognitive deficits and behavioral changes due to diffuse axonal injury. These deficits include slowed information-processing and impaired long-term memory, attention, working memory, executive function, social cognition and self-awareness. Mental fatigue is frequently also associated and can exacerbate the consequences of neuropsychological deficits. Personality and behavioral changes can include combinations of impulsivity and apathy. Even mild TBI raises specific problems: while most patients recover within a few weeks or months, a minority of patients may suffer from long-lasting symptoms (post-concussion syndrome). The pathophysiology of such persistent problems remains a subject of debate, but seems to be due to both injury-related and non-injury-related factors.
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ISSN:0035-3787
DOI:10.1016/j.neurol.2017.07.006