Can the Stroop effect serve as the gold standard of conflict monitoring and control? A conceptual critique

The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of...

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Vydáno v:Memory & cognition Ročník 50; číslo 5; s. 883 - 897
Hlavní autoři: Algom, Daniel, Fitousi, Daniel, Chajut, Eran
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: New York Springer US 01.07.2022
Springer Nature B.V
Témata:
Access
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Brain
Brain research
Candidates
Cognitive Psychology
Computational neuroscience
Conflict
Hypotheses
Mathematical models
Psychology
Quantitative psychology
Selective attention
Stroop task
Validity
Context
Control
Stroop
Conflict
ISSN:0090-502X, 1532-5946, 1532-5946
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Shrnutí:The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of selectivity—with the Stroop test losing its raison d’être. Espousing the new framework, numerous studies in the past 20 years conceived performance in the Stroop task in terms of conflict-induced adjustments governed by central control on a trial-to-trial basis. In the face of this tsunami, we try to convince the reader that the Stroop effect cannot serve as a testing ground for conflict-monitoring and control, because these constructs are fundamentally unsuited to serve as a candidate theory of Stroop processes. A range of problems are discussed that singly and collectively pose grave doubts regarding the validity of a control and conflict monitoring account in the Stroop domain. We show how the key notion of conflict is misconstrued in conflict-monitoring models. Due to space limitations and for sake of wider accessibility, our treatment here cannot be technical.
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ISSN:0090-502X
1532-5946
1532-5946
DOI:10.3758/s13421-021-01251-5