Can the Stroop effect serve as the gold standard of conflict monitoring and control? A conceptual critique

The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of...

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Published in:Memory & cognition Vol. 50; no. 5; pp. 883 - 897
Main Authors: Algom, Daniel, Fitousi, Daniel, Chajut, Eran
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.07.2022
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Access
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Brain
Brain research
Candidates
Cognitive Psychology
Computational neuroscience
Conflict
Hypotheses
Mathematical models
Psychology
Quantitative psychology
Selective attention
Stroop task
Validity
Context
Control
Stroop
Conflict
ISSN:0090-502X, 1532-5946, 1532-5946
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Abstract The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of selectivity—with the Stroop test losing its raison d’être. Espousing the new framework, numerous studies in the past 20 years conceived performance in the Stroop task in terms of conflict-induced adjustments governed by central control on a trial-to-trial basis. In the face of this tsunami, we try to convince the reader that the Stroop effect cannot serve as a testing ground for conflict-monitoring and control, because these constructs are fundamentally unsuited to serve as a candidate theory of Stroop processes. A range of problems are discussed that singly and collectively pose grave doubts regarding the validity of a control and conflict monitoring account in the Stroop domain. We show how the key notion of conflict is misconstrued in conflict-monitoring models. Due to space limitations and for sake of wider accessibility, our treatment here cannot be technical.
AbstractList The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of selectivity-with the Stroop test losing its raison d'être. Espousing the new framework, numerous studies in the past 20 years conceived performance in the Stroop task in terms of conflict-induced adjustments governed by central control on a trial-to-trial basis. In the face of this tsunami, we try to convince the reader that the Stroop effect cannot serve as a testing ground for conflict-monitoring and control, because these constructs are fundamentally unsuited to serve as a candidate theory of Stroop processes. A range of problems are discussed that singly and collectively pose grave doubts regarding the validity of a control and conflict monitoring account in the Stroop domain. We show how the key notion of conflict is misconstrued in conflict-monitoring models. Due to space limitations and for sake of wider accessibility, our treatment here cannot be technical.The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of selectivity-with the Stroop test losing its raison d'être. Espousing the new framework, numerous studies in the past 20 years conceived performance in the Stroop task in terms of conflict-induced adjustments governed by central control on a trial-to-trial basis. In the face of this tsunami, we try to convince the reader that the Stroop effect cannot serve as a testing ground for conflict-monitoring and control, because these constructs are fundamentally unsuited to serve as a candidate theory of Stroop processes. A range of problems are discussed that singly and collectively pose grave doubts regarding the validity of a control and conflict monitoring account in the Stroop domain. We show how the key notion of conflict is misconstrued in conflict-monitoring models. Due to space limitations and for sake of wider accessibility, our treatment here cannot be technical.
The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of selectivity—with the Stroop test losing its raison d’être. Espousing the new framework, numerous studies in the past 20 years conceived performance in the Stroop task in terms of conflict-induced adjustments governed by central control on a trial-to-trial basis. In the face of this tsunami, we try to convince the reader that the Stroop effect cannot serve as a testing ground for conflict-monitoring and control, because these constructs are fundamentally unsuited to serve as a candidate theory of Stroop processes. A range of problems are discussed that singly and collectively pose grave doubts regarding the validity of a control and conflict monitoring account in the Stroop domain. We show how the key notion of conflict is misconstrued in conflict-monitoring models. Due to space limitations and for sake of wider accessibility, our treatment here cannot be technical.
The Stroop effect has been a key to the assay of selective attention since the time of the epoch-making study by J.R. Stroop almost a century ago. However, recent work based on computational modeling and recording of brain activations ignored the primary meaning of the Stroop effect as a measure of selectivity-with the Stroop test losing its raison d'etre. Espousing the new framework, numerous studies in the past 20 years conceived performance in the Stroop task in terms of conflictinduced adjustments governed by central control on a trial-to-trial basis. In the face of this tsunami, we try to convince the reader that the Stroop effect cannot serve as a testing ground for conflict-monitoring and control, because these constructs are fundamentally unsuited to serve as a candidate theory of Stroop processes. A range of problems are discussed that singly and collectively pose grave doubts regarding the validity of a control and conflict monitoring account in the Stroop domain. We show how the key notion of conflict is misconstrued in conflict-monitoring models. Due to space limitations and for sake of wider accessibility, our treatment here cannot be technical.
Author Fitousi, Daniel
Algom, Daniel
Chajut, Eran
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  givenname: Daniel
  surname: Fitousi
  fullname: Fitousi, Daniel
  organization: Ariel University
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  surname: Chajut
  fullname: Chajut, Eran
  organization: The Open University of Israel
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2021
Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Jul 2022
2021. The Psychonomic Society, Inc.
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Issue 5
Keywords Context
Control
Stroop
Conflict
Language English
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OpenAccessLink https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13421-021-01251-5.pdf
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PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-07-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-07-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 07
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-07-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace New York
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PublicationTitle Memory & cognition
PublicationTitleAbbrev Mem Cogn
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher Springer US
Springer Nature B.V
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SubjectTerms Access
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Brain
Brain research
Candidates
Cognitive Psychology
Computational neuroscience
Conflict
Hypotheses
Mathematical models
Psychology
Quantitative psychology
Selective attention
Stroop task
Validity
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Title Can the Stroop effect serve as the gold standard of conflict monitoring and control? A conceptual critique
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