Meta-Learning in Neural Networks: A Survey

The field of meta-learning, or learning-to-learn, has seen a dramatic rise in interest in recent years. Contrary to conventional approaches to AI where tasks are solved from scratch using a fixed learning algorithm, meta-learning aims to improve the learning algorithm itself, given the experience of...

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Veröffentlicht in:IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence Jg. 44; H. 9; S. 5149 - 5169
Hauptverfasser: Hospedales, Timothy, Antoniou, Antreas, Micaelli, Paul, Storkey, Amos
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States IEEE 01.09.2022
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Schlagworte:
Algorithms
Deep learning
few-shot learning
learning-to-learn
Machine learning
Machine learning algorithms
Meta-learning
neural architecture search
Neural networks
Optimization
Predictive models
Task analysis
Taxonomy
Training
transfer learning
ISSN:0162-8828, 1939-3539, 2160-9292, 1939-3539
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Zusammenfassung:The field of meta-learning, or learning-to-learn, has seen a dramatic rise in interest in recent years. Contrary to conventional approaches to AI where tasks are solved from scratch using a fixed learning algorithm, meta-learning aims to improve the learning algorithm itself, given the experience of multiple learning episodes. This paradigm provides an opportunity to tackle many conventional challenges of deep learning, including data and computation bottlenecks, as well as generalization. This survey describes the contemporary meta-learning landscape. We first discuss definitions of meta-learning and position it with respect to related fields, such as transfer learning and hyperparameter optimization. We then propose a new taxonomy that provides a more comprehensive breakdown of the space of meta-learning methods today. We survey promising applications and successes of meta-learning such as few-shot learning and reinforcement learning. Finally, we discuss outstanding challenges and promising areas for future research.
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ISSN:0162-8828
1939-3539
2160-9292
1939-3539
DOI:10.1109/TPAMI.2021.3079209