Structure-based mechanism of preferential complex formation by apoptosis signal-regulating kinases
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinases (ASK1, ASK2, and ASK3) are activators of the p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. ASK1-3 form oligomeric complexes known as ASK signalosomes that initiate signaling cascades in response to diverse stress stimuli....
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| Published in: | Science signaling Vol. 13; no. 622 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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10.03.2020
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| ISSN: | 1937-9145, 1937-9145 |
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| Abstract | Apoptosis signal-regulating kinases (ASK1, ASK2, and ASK3) are activators of the p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. ASK1-3 form oligomeric complexes known as ASK signalosomes that initiate signaling cascades in response to diverse stress stimuli. Here, we demonstrated that oligomerization of ASK proteins is driven by previously uncharacterized sterile-alpha motif (SAM) domains that reside at the carboxy-terminus of each ASK protein. SAM domains from ASK1-3 exhibited distinct behaviors, with the SAM domain of ASK1 forming unstable oligomers, that of ASK2 remaining predominantly monomeric, and that of ASK3 forming a stable oligomer even at a low concentration. In contrast to their behavior in isolation, the ASK1 and ASK2 SAM domains preferentially formed a stable heterocomplex. The crystal structure of the ASK3 SAM domain, small-angle x-ray scattering, and mutagenesis suggested that ASK3 oligomers and ASK1-ASK2 complexes formed discrete, quasi-helical rings through interactions between the mid-loop of one molecule and the end helix of another molecule. Preferential ASK1-ASK2 binding was consistent with mass spectrometry showing that full-length ASK1 formed hetero-oligomeric complexes incorporating large amounts of ASK2. Accordingly, disrupting the association between SAM domains impaired ASK activity in the context of electrophilic stress induced by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). These findings provide a structural template for how ASK proteins assemble foci that drive inflammatory signaling and reinforce the notion that strategies to target ASK proteins should consider the concerted actions of multiple ASK family members. |
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| AbstractList | Apoptosis signal-regulating kinases (ASK1, ASK2, and ASK3) are activators of the p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. ASK1-3 form oligomeric complexes known as ASK signalosomes that initiate signaling cascades in response to diverse stress stimuli. Here, we demonstrated that oligomerization of ASK proteins is driven by previously uncharacterized sterile-alpha motif (SAM) domains that reside at the carboxy-terminus of each ASK protein. SAM domains from ASK1-3 exhibited distinct behaviors, with the SAM domain of ASK1 forming unstable oligomers, that of ASK2 remaining predominantly monomeric, and that of ASK3 forming a stable oligomer even at a low concentration. In contrast to their behavior in isolation, the ASK1 and ASK2 SAM domains preferentially formed a stable heterocomplex. The crystal structure of the ASK3 SAM domain, small-angle x-ray scattering, and mutagenesis suggested that ASK3 oligomers and ASK1-ASK2 complexes formed discrete, quasi-helical rings through interactions between the mid-loop of one molecule and the end helix of another molecule. Preferential ASK1-ASK2 binding was consistent with mass spectrometry showing that full-length ASK1 formed hetero-oligomeric complexes incorporating large amounts of ASK2. Accordingly, disrupting the association between SAM domains impaired ASK activity in the context of electrophilic stress induced by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). These findings provide a structural template for how ASK proteins assemble foci that drive inflammatory signaling and reinforce the notion that strategies to target ASK proteins should consider the concerted actions of multiple ASK family members.Apoptosis signal-regulating kinases (ASK1, ASK2, and ASK3) are activators of the p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. ASK1-3 form oligomeric complexes known as ASK signalosomes that initiate signaling cascades in response to diverse stress stimuli. Here, we demonstrated that oligomerization of ASK proteins is driven by previously uncharacterized sterile-alpha motif (SAM) domains that reside at the carboxy-terminus of each ASK protein. SAM domains from ASK1-3 exhibited distinct behaviors, with the SAM domain of ASK1 forming unstable oligomers, that of ASK2 remaining predominantly monomeric, and that of ASK3 forming a stable oligomer even at a low concentration. In contrast to their behavior in isolation, the ASK1 and ASK2 SAM domains preferentially formed a stable heterocomplex. The crystal structure of the ASK3 SAM domain, small-angle x-ray scattering, and mutagenesis suggested that ASK3 oligomers and ASK1-ASK2 complexes formed discrete, quasi-helical rings through interactions between the mid-loop of one molecule and the end helix of another molecule. Preferential ASK1-ASK2 binding was consistent with mass spectrometry showing that full-length ASK1 formed hetero-oligomeric complexes incorporating large amounts of ASK2. Accordingly, disrupting the association between SAM domains impaired ASK activity in the context of electrophilic stress induced by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). These findings provide a structural template for how ASK proteins assemble foci that drive inflammatory signaling and reinforce the notion that strategies to target ASK proteins should consider the concerted actions of multiple ASK family members. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinases (ASK1, ASK2, and ASK3) are activators of the p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. ASK1-3 form oligomeric complexes known as ASK signalosomes that initiate signaling cascades in response to diverse stress stimuli. Here, we demonstrated that oligomerization of ASK proteins is driven by previously uncharacterized sterile-alpha motif (SAM) domains that reside at the carboxy-terminus of each ASK protein. SAM domains from ASK1-3 exhibited distinct behaviors, with the SAM domain of ASK1 forming unstable oligomers, that of ASK2 remaining predominantly monomeric, and that of ASK3 forming a stable oligomer even at a low concentration. In contrast to their behavior in isolation, the ASK1 and ASK2 SAM domains preferentially formed a stable heterocomplex. The crystal structure of the ASK3 SAM domain, small-angle x-ray scattering, and mutagenesis suggested that ASK3 oligomers and ASK1-ASK2 complexes formed discrete, quasi-helical rings through interactions between the mid-loop of one molecule and the end helix of another molecule. Preferential ASK1-ASK2 binding was consistent with mass spectrometry showing that full-length ASK1 formed hetero-oligomeric complexes incorporating large amounts of ASK2. Accordingly, disrupting the association between SAM domains impaired ASK activity in the context of electrophilic stress induced by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). These findings provide a structural template for how ASK proteins assemble foci that drive inflammatory signaling and reinforce the notion that strategies to target ASK proteins should consider the concerted actions of multiple ASK family members. |
| Author | Murphy, James M Cadell, Antonia L Parker, Benjamin L Crowther, Jennifer M Burgess, Abigail E Dobson, Renwick C J Mace, Peter D Brewster, Jodi L Croucher, David R Trevelyan, Sarah J |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sarah J orcidid: 0000-0003-0584-183X surname: Trevelyan fullname: Trevelyan, Sarah J organization: Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, 710 Cumberland St., Dunedin 9054, New Zealand – sequence: 2 givenname: Jodi L orcidid: 0000-0001-8569-1813 surname: Brewster fullname: Brewster, Jodi L organization: Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, 710 Cumberland St., Dunedin 9054, New Zealand – sequence: 3 givenname: Abigail E orcidid: 0000-0002-3522-6347 surname: Burgess fullname: Burgess, Abigail E organization: Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, 710 Cumberland St., Dunedin 9054, New Zealand – sequence: 4 givenname: Jennifer M orcidid: 0000-0002-9670-2204 surname: Crowther fullname: Crowther, Jennifer M organization: Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand – sequence: 5 givenname: Antonia L surname: Cadell fullname: Cadell, Antonia L organization: Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia – sequence: 6 givenname: Benjamin L orcidid: 0000-0003-1818-2183 surname: Parker fullname: Parker, Benjamin L organization: Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia – sequence: 7 givenname: David R orcidid: 0000-0003-4965-8674 surname: Croucher fullname: Croucher, David R organization: School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland – sequence: 8 givenname: Renwick C J surname: Dobson fullname: Dobson, Renwick C J organization: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia – sequence: 9 givenname: James M orcidid: 0000-0003-0195-3949 surname: Murphy fullname: Murphy, James M organization: Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia – sequence: 10 givenname: Peter D orcidid: 0000-0003-2175-9537 surname: Mace fullname: Mace, Peter D email: peter.mace@otago.ac.nz organization: Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, 710 Cumberland St., Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. peter.mace@otago.ac.nz |
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