Mechanisms of species range shift: germination and early survival of Great Basin bristlecone pine and limber pine

Aims To examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation gradient on three soil types. Methods Using a network of experimental gardens, we sowed limber pine and Great Basin bristlecone pine along ele...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Plant and soil Jg. 457; H. 1-2; S. 167 - 183
Hauptverfasser:	Smithers, Brian V., North, Malcolm P.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Cham Springer International Publishing 01.12.2020 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Schlagworte:	altitude Analysis basins Biomedical and Life Sciences Bristlecone pine Climatic changes Ecology Environmental aspects Germination Growth Life Sciences Moisture content Pinus flexilis Pinus longaeva Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Precipitation Precipitation (Meteorology) rain Regular Article Snowpack Soil moisture Soil Science & Conservation Soil temperature Soil types Soil water soil water content Soils Species Substrates Survival temperature Temperature measurement Trees Water availability Water content California Great Basin Treeline Sub-alpine forest Great Basin Recruitment
ISSN:	0032-079X, 1573-5036
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Abstract	Aims To examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation gradient on three soil types. Methods Using a network of experimental gardens, we sowed limber pine and Great Basin bristlecone pine along elevational gradients at three sites on three different soil types. We collected germination and first-year survival data of each species while measuring temperature, soil water content, and other environmental variables to examine the potential predictors of first-year survival in these two species. Results Thanks to consecutive anomalously wet and dry years, we found germination and first-year survival to be largely limited by soil type, soil water content, and precipitation timing. Limber pine germination and survival showed weak negative responses while bristlecone pine germination and survival showed stronger negative responses to temperature. Conclusions Young trees are more sensitive to water limitation than to temperature and soil type has a strong moderating effect on water availability. Precipitation timing affected this availability with winter snowpack being less important in establishment than summer monsoonal rain. These results point to the importance of substrate and understanding limitations on all life stages when attempting to predict species range shifts.
AbstractList	AimsTo examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation gradient on three soil types.MethodsUsing a network of experimental gardens, we sowed limber pine and Great Basin bristlecone pine along elevational gradients at three sites on three different soil types. We collected germination and first-year survival data of each species while measuring temperature, soil water content, and other environmental variables to examine the potential predictors of first-year survival in these two species.ResultsThanks to consecutive anomalously wet and dry years, we found germination and first-year survival to be largely limited by soil type, soil water content, and precipitation timing. Limber pine germination and survival showed weak negative responses while bristlecone pine germination and survival showed stronger negative responses to temperature.ConclusionsYoung trees are more sensitive to water limitation than to temperature and soil type has a strong moderating effect on water availability. Precipitation timing affected this availability with winter snowpack being less important in establishment than summer monsoonal rain. These results point to the importance of substrate and understanding limitations on all life stages when attempting to predict species range shifts. AIMS: To examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation gradient on three soil types. METHODS: Using a network of experimental gardens, we sowed limber pine and Great Basin bristlecone pine along elevational gradients at three sites on three different soil types. We collected germination and first-year survival data of each species while measuring temperature, soil water content, and other environmental variables to examine the potential predictors of first-year survival in these two species. RESULTS: Thanks to consecutive anomalously wet and dry years, we found germination and first-year survival to be largely limited by soil type, soil water content, and precipitation timing. Limber pine germination and survival showed weak negative responses while bristlecone pine germination and survival showed stronger negative responses to temperature. CONCLUSIONS: Young trees are more sensitive to water limitation than to temperature and soil type has a strong moderating effect on water availability. Precipitation timing affected this availability with winter snowpack being less important in establishment than summer monsoonal rain. These results point to the importance of substrate and understanding limitations on all life stages when attempting to predict species range shifts. Aims To examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation gradient on three soil types. Methods Using a network of experimental gardens, we sowed limber pine and Great Basin bristlecone pine along elevational gradients at three sites on three different soil types. We collected germination and first-year survival data of each species while measuring temperature, soil water content, and other environmental variables to examine the potential predictors of first-year survival in these two species. Results Thanks to consecutive anomalously wet and dry years, we found germination and first-year survival to be largely limited by soil type, soil water content, and precipitation timing. Limber pine germination and survival showed weak negative responses while bristlecone pine germination and survival showed stronger negative responses to temperature. Conclusions Young trees are more sensitive to water limitation than to temperature and soil type has a strong moderating effect on water availability. Precipitation timing affected this availability with winter snowpack being less important in establishment than summer monsoonal rain. These results point to the importance of substrate and understanding limitations on all life stages when attempting to predict species range shifts.
Audience	Academic
Author	Smithers, Brian V. North, Malcolm P.
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CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1002_eap_2897 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foreco_2021_119438 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foreco_2022_120389 crossref_primary_10_1111_jbi_14136 crossref_primary_10_1002_eap_2888 crossref_primary_10_1093_aob_mcae064
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Snippet	Aims To examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation... Aims To examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation... AimsTo examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation... AIMS: To examine the potential mechanistic predictors of germination and first-year survival in two species of Great Basin sub-alpine trees along an elevation...
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SubjectTerms	altitude Analysis basins Biomedical and Life Sciences Bristlecone pine Climatic changes Ecology Environmental aspects Germination Growth Life Sciences Moisture content Pinus flexilis Pinus longaeva Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Precipitation Precipitation (Meteorology) rain Regular Article Snowpack Soil moisture Soil Science & Conservation Soil temperature Soil types Soil water soil water content Soils Species Substrates Survival temperature Temperature measurement Trees Water availability Water content
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Title	Mechanisms of species range shift: germination and early survival of Great Basin bristlecone pine and limber pine
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