Prevalence and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Background Given the high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), there is a strong need for accurate understanding on CVD prevalence and incidence in this population. This information is important to ensure optimal care and resource allocation....

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of intellectual disability research Jg. 69; H. 12; S. 1337 - 1369
Hauptverfasser: Leeuw, Marleen J., Hilgenkamp, Thessa I. M., Maes‐Festen, Dederieke A. M., Bindels, Patrick J. E., Elbers, Roy G., Oppewal, Alyt
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.12.2025
Schlagworte:
Adult
Adults
Arterial diseases
Atrial fibrillation
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cerebrovascular disease
cerebrovascular disorders
Comorbidity
Coronary artery disease
Data collection
Data quality
Disease
Etiology
Extraction
Heart failure
High risk
Humans
Incidence
Intellectual disabilities
intellectual disability
Intellectual Disability - epidemiology
Longitudinal studies
Medical diagnosis
Medical screening
Myocardial infarction
occurrence
Older people
People with disabilities
Peripheral arterial disease
Prevalence
proportion
rate
Resource allocation
Risk factors
Stroke
Systematic review
Thrombosis
Venous thrombosis
occurrence
proportion
adult
cerebrovascular disorders
rate
intellectual disability
ISSN:0964-2633, 1365-2788, 1365-2788
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT Background Given the high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), there is a strong need for accurate understanding on CVD prevalence and incidence in this population. This information is important to ensure optimal care and resource allocation. However, systematic reviews on this topic are limited. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to provide a comprehensive synthesis of studies on the prevalence and incidence of CVD in adults with ID, including subgroup data. Method We performed a systematic search in Embase, Medline ALL, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, PsycINFO and Google Scholar up to 21 January 2025, including peer‐reviewed articles on CVD prevalence or incidence in adults with ID. Article screening and data extraction were independently performed by two researchers. Data were synthesised by CVD diagnosis. When available, data were reported separately for different subgroups. The methodological quality was assessed by two independent researchers. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Results In 55 articles, prevalence and incidence rates were identified for coronary artery disease (prev 0%–12.9%; inc 2.0–2.8 per 1000py), myocardial infarction (prev 0%–7.9%; inc 0.3–2.8 per 1000py), heart failure (prev 0.8%–18.6%; inc 12.5 per 1000py), cerebrovascular disease (prev 0.7%–15.0%; inc 2.55 per 1000py), stroke (prev 1.3%–17.2%; inc 2.7–3.2 per 1000py), peripheral arterial disease (prev 0.4%–20.7%; inc 1.1 per 1000py), venous thrombosis (prev 0.6%–12.4%; inc 0.8–4.1 per 1000py) and atrial fibrillation (prev 0.8%–6.3%). Subgroup data have been reported based on age, sex, level of ID, aetiology of ID, living circumstances, CVD risk factors, data collection methods and source populations. Overall, higher prevalence and incidence rates were reported in older people and in studies that used physical measurements for diagnosis. Conclusions Due to variability in methodological quality, clinical characteristics and high statistical heterogeneity, drawing conclusions about CVD prevalence and incidence in adults with ID is challenging. Therefore, the subgroup data presented in this review are valuable for identifying rates within specific subgroups. Longitudinal studies along with research employing valid and reliable data collection methods (preferably objective measurements) aligned with studies in the general population, clear reporting of individual CVD diagnoses and subgroup analyses will offer valuable additional insights in future research.
Bibliographie:Funding
The Consortium ‘Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disabilities’ has provided funding for this review. This consortium consists of three Dutch care organisations for people with intellectual disabilities (Amarant, Abrona and Ipse de Bruggen) in collaboration with the Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine Research, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam. The funding sources had no involvement in the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the manuscript.
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ISSN:0964-2633
1365-2788
1365-2788
DOI:10.1111/jir.13254