An additional marker for sperm DNA quality evaluation in spermatozoa of male partners of couples undergoing assisted reproduction technique (IVF/ICSI): Protamine ratio

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub‐fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (termi...

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Published in:	Andrologia Vol. 51; no. 10; pp. e13400 - n/a
Main Authors:	Amor, Houda, Shelko, Nyaz, Hamad, Mohammed F., Zeyad, Ali, Hammadeh, Mohamad Eid
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Germany John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.11.2019
Subjects:	Adult Biomarkers - analysis Biomarkers - metabolism Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA damage DNA Fragmentation DNA nucleotidylexotransferase Humans In Situ Nick-End Labeling Infertility, Male - diagnosis Infertility, Male - therapy Labeling Male male infertility Middle Aged Protamine protamine deficiency protamine ratio Protamines - analysis Protamines - metabolism Semen Analysis - methods Sperm sperm DNA Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic Spermatozoa - metabolism protamine deficiency sperm DNA male infertility protamine ratio DNA fragmentation
ISSN:	0303-4569, 1439-0272, 1439-0272
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Abstract	The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub‐fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick‐end labelling), and the protamination was determined by CMA3 staining, while Western blot was used to measure protamine P1 and P2. While sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and protamine ratio were significantly elevated in G2 compared with G1 (12.31 ± 7.01% vs. 17.5 ± 9.5%; p = .001) and (0.91 ± 0.43 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42; p = .003); respectively, the CMA3 positive showed no difference at all between G1 and G2. In G1, the CMA3 positive correlated negatively with the P1/P2 ratio and SDF (r = −.586, r = −.297; p = .001 respectively). In contrast, the protamine ratio correlated positively with SDF (r = .356; p = .001). In G2, no correlation was observed between CMA3 positive, SDF and the P1/P2 ratio but the P1/P2 ratio showed a positive correlation with SDF (r = .479; p = .001). In conclusion, the spermatozoa DNA deterioration was closely associated with abnormal protamination but showed an association with the protamine ratio, more than with CMA3 positive. Therefore, for the evaluation of DNA damage in spermatozoa, the P1/P2 ratio might act as an additional biomarker.
AbstractList	The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub-fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labelling), and the protamination was determined by CMA3 staining, while Western blot was used to measure protamine P1 and P2. While sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and protamine ratio were significantly elevated in G2 compared with G1 (12.31 ± 7.01% vs. 17.5 ± 9.5%; p = .001) and (0.91 ± 0.43 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42; p = .003); respectively, the CMA3 positive showed no difference at all between G1 and G2. In G1, the CMA3 positive correlated negatively with the P1/P2 ratio and SDF (r = -.586, r = -.297; p = .001 respectively). In contrast, the protamine ratio correlated positively with SDF (r = .356; p = .001). In G2, no correlation was observed between CMA3 positive, SDF and the P1/P2 ratio but the P1/P2 ratio showed a positive correlation with SDF (r = .479; p = .001). In conclusion, the spermatozoa DNA deterioration was closely associated with abnormal protamination but showed an association with the protamine ratio, more than with CMA3 positive. Therefore, for the evaluation of DNA damage in spermatozoa, the P1/P2 ratio might act as an additional biomarker. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub-fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labelling), and the protamination was determined by CMA3 staining, while Western blot was used to measure protamine P1 and P2. While sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and protamine ratio were significantly elevated in G2 compared with G1 (12.31 ± 7.01% vs. 17.5 ± 9.5%; p = .001) and (0.91 ± 0.43 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42; p = .003); respectively, the CMA3 positive showed no difference at all between G1 and G2. In G1, the CMA3 positive correlated negatively with the P1/P2 ratio and SDF (r = -.586, r = -.297; p = .001 respectively). In contrast, the protamine ratio correlated positively with SDF (r = .356; p = .001). In G2, no correlation was observed between CMA3 positive, SDF and the P1/P2 ratio but the P1/P2 ratio showed a positive correlation with SDF (r = .479; p = .001). In conclusion, the spermatozoa DNA deterioration was closely associated with abnormal protamination but showed an association with the protamine ratio, more than with CMA3 positive. Therefore, for the evaluation of DNA damage in spermatozoa, the P1/P2 ratio might act as an additional biomarker.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub-fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labelling), and the protamination was determined by CMA3 staining, while Western blot was used to measure protamine P1 and P2. While sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and protamine ratio were significantly elevated in G2 compared with G1 (12.31 ± 7.01% vs. 17.5 ± 9.5%; p = .001) and (0.91 ± 0.43 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42; p = .003); respectively, the CMA3 positive showed no difference at all between G1 and G2. In G1, the CMA3 positive correlated negatively with the P1/P2 ratio and SDF (r = -.586, r = -.297; p = .001 respectively). In contrast, the protamine ratio correlated positively with SDF (r = .356; p = .001). In G2, no correlation was observed between CMA3 positive, SDF and the P1/P2 ratio but the P1/P2 ratio showed a positive correlation with SDF (r = .479; p = .001). In conclusion, the spermatozoa DNA deterioration was closely associated with abnormal protamination but showed an association with the protamine ratio, more than with CMA3 positive. Therefore, for the evaluation of DNA damage in spermatozoa, the P1/P2 ratio might act as an additional biomarker. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub‐fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick‐end labelling), and the protamination was determined by CMA3 staining, while Western blot was used to measure protamine P1 and P2. While sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and protamine ratio were significantly elevated in G2 compared with G1 (12.31 ± 7.01% vs. 17.5 ± 9.5%; p = .001) and (0.91 ± 0.43 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42; p = .003); respectively, the CMA3 positive showed no difference at all between G1 and G2. In G1, the CMA3 positive correlated negatively with the P1/P2 ratio and SDF (r = −.586, r = −.297; p = .001 respectively). In contrast, the protamine ratio correlated positively with SDF (r = .356; p = .001). In G2, no correlation was observed between CMA3 positive, SDF and the P1/P2 ratio but the P1/P2 ratio showed a positive correlation with SDF (r = .479; p = .001). In conclusion, the spermatozoa DNA deterioration was closely associated with abnormal protamination but showed an association with the protamine ratio, more than with CMA3 positive. Therefore, for the evaluation of DNA damage in spermatozoa, the P1/P2 ratio might act as an additional biomarker. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub‐fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick‐end labelling), and the protamination was determined by CMA3 staining, while Western blot was used to measure protamine P1 and P2. While sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and protamine ratio were significantly elevated in G2 compared with G1 (12.31 ± 7.01% vs. 17.5 ± 9.5%; p = .001) and (0.91 ± 0.43 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42; p = .003); respectively, the CMA3 positive showed no difference at all between G1 and G2. In G1, the CMA3 positive correlated negatively with the P1/P2 ratio and SDF (r = −.586, r = −.297; p = .001 respectively). In contrast, the protamine ratio correlated positively with SDF (r = .356; p = .001). In G2, no correlation was observed between CMA3 positive, SDF and the P1/P2 ratio but the P1/P2 ratio showed a positive correlation with SDF (r = .479; p = .001). In conclusion, the spermatozoa DNA deterioration was closely associated with abnormal protamination but showed an association with the protamine ratio, more than with CMA3 positive. Therefore, for the evaluation of DNA damage in spermatozoa, the P1/P2 ratio might act as an additional biomarker.
Author	Shelko, Nyaz Amor, Houda Hammadeh, Mohamad Eid Zeyad, Ali Hamad, Mohammed F.
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CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1155_2023_1751627 crossref_primary_10_18502_ijrm_v23i6_19404 crossref_primary_10_1093_humupd_dmad006 crossref_primary_10_1111_and_14442 crossref_primary_10_1002_rmb2_12585 crossref_primary_10_1111_and_14611 crossref_primary_10_1111_and_14434 crossref_primary_10_1111_and_13964 crossref_primary_10_1111_and_13827 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40246_024_00626_4 crossref_primary_10_1093_humrep_deab134 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000036113 crossref_primary_10_1111_and_14418 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12610_020_00110_8 crossref_primary_10_4103_aja202360 crossref_primary_10_1017_S1062798724000231 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms23094516
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Copyright	2019 The Authors. published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH 2019 The Authors. Andrologia published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH. Copyright © 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH
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Snippet	The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Biomarkers - analysis Biomarkers - metabolism Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA damage DNA Fragmentation DNA nucleotidylexotransferase Humans In Situ Nick-End Labeling Infertility, Male - diagnosis Infertility, Male - therapy Labeling Male male infertility Middle Aged Protamine protamine deficiency protamine ratio Protamines - analysis Protamines - metabolism Semen Analysis - methods Sperm sperm DNA Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic Spermatozoa - metabolism
Title	An additional marker for sperm DNA quality evaluation in spermatozoa of male partners of couples undergoing assisted reproduction technique (IVF/ICSI): Protamine ratio
URI	https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fand.13400 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31489691 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2309791453 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2286939549
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