Guillain-Barré syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection in an international prospective cohort study
In the wake of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increasing number of patients with neurological disorders, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), have been reported following this infection. It remains unclear, however, if these cases are coincidental o...
Uložené v:
| Vydané v: | Brain (London, England : 1878) Ročník 144; číslo 11; s. 3392 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
England
16.12.2021
|
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 1460-2156, 1460-2156 |
| On-line prístup: | Zistit podrobnosti o prístupe |
| Tagy: |
Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
|
| Abstract | In the wake of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increasing number of patients with neurological disorders, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), have been reported following this infection. It remains unclear, however, if these cases are coincidental or not, as most publications were case reports or small regional retrospective cohort studies. The International GBS Outcome Study is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study enrolling patients with GBS within 2 weeks from onset of weakness. Data from patients included in this study, between 30 January 2020 and 30 May 2020, were used to investigate clinical and laboratory signs of a preceding or concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection and to describe the associated clinical phenotype and disease course. Patients were classified according to the SARS-CoV-2 case definitions of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and laboratory recommendations of the World Health Organization. Forty-nine patients with GBS were included, of whom eight (16%) had a confirmed and three (6%) a probable SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nine of these 11 patients had no serological evidence of other recent preceding infections associated with GBS, whereas two had serological evidence of a recent Campylobacter jejuni infection. Patients with a confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently had a sensorimotor variant 8/11 (73%) and facial palsy 7/11 (64%). The eight patients who underwent electrophysiological examination all had a demyelinating subtype, which was more prevalent than the other patients included in the same time window [14/30 (47%), P = 0.012] as well as historical region and age-matched control subjects included in the International GBS Outcome Study before the pandemic [23/44 (52%), P = 0.016]. The median time from the onset of infection to neurological symptoms was 16 days (interquartile range 12-22). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection shared uniform neurological features, similar to those previously described in other post-viral GBS patients. The frequency (22%) of a preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection in our study population was higher than estimates of the contemporaneous background prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, which may be a result of recruitment bias during the pandemic, but could also indicate that GBS may rarely follow a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consistent with previous studies, we found no increase in patient recruitment during the pandemic for our ongoing International GBS Outcome Study compared to previous years, making a strong relationship of GBS with SARS-CoV-2 unlikely. A case-control study is required to determine if there is a causative link or not. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | In the wake of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increasing number of patients with neurological disorders, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), have been reported following this infection. It remains unclear, however, if these cases are coincidental or not, as most publications were case reports or small regional retrospective cohort studies. The International GBS Outcome Study is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study enrolling patients with GBS within 2 weeks from onset of weakness. Data from patients included in this study, between 30 January 2020 and 30 May 2020, were used to investigate clinical and laboratory signs of a preceding or concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection and to describe the associated clinical phenotype and disease course. Patients were classified according to the SARS-CoV-2 case definitions of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and laboratory recommendations of the World Health Organization. Forty-nine patients with GBS were included, of whom eight (16%) had a confirmed and three (6%) a probable SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nine of these 11 patients had no serological evidence of other recent preceding infections associated with GBS, whereas two had serological evidence of a recent Campylobacter jejuni infection. Patients with a confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently had a sensorimotor variant 8/11 (73%) and facial palsy 7/11 (64%). The eight patients who underwent electrophysiological examination all had a demyelinating subtype, which was more prevalent than the other patients included in the same time window [14/30 (47%), P = 0.012] as well as historical region and age-matched control subjects included in the International GBS Outcome Study before the pandemic [23/44 (52%), P = 0.016]. The median time from the onset of infection to neurological symptoms was 16 days (interquartile range 12-22). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection shared uniform neurological features, similar to those previously described in other post-viral GBS patients. The frequency (22%) of a preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection in our study population was higher than estimates of the contemporaneous background prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, which may be a result of recruitment bias during the pandemic, but could also indicate that GBS may rarely follow a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consistent with previous studies, we found no increase in patient recruitment during the pandemic for our ongoing International GBS Outcome Study compared to previous years, making a strong relationship of GBS with SARS-CoV-2 unlikely. A case-control study is required to determine if there is a causative link or not.In the wake of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increasing number of patients with neurological disorders, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), have been reported following this infection. It remains unclear, however, if these cases are coincidental or not, as most publications were case reports or small regional retrospective cohort studies. The International GBS Outcome Study is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study enrolling patients with GBS within 2 weeks from onset of weakness. Data from patients included in this study, between 30 January 2020 and 30 May 2020, were used to investigate clinical and laboratory signs of a preceding or concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection and to describe the associated clinical phenotype and disease course. Patients were classified according to the SARS-CoV-2 case definitions of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and laboratory recommendations of the World Health Organization. Forty-nine patients with GBS were included, of whom eight (16%) had a confirmed and three (6%) a probable SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nine of these 11 patients had no serological evidence of other recent preceding infections associated with GBS, whereas two had serological evidence of a recent Campylobacter jejuni infection. Patients with a confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently had a sensorimotor variant 8/11 (73%) and facial palsy 7/11 (64%). The eight patients who underwent electrophysiological examination all had a demyelinating subtype, which was more prevalent than the other patients included in the same time window [14/30 (47%), P = 0.012] as well as historical region and age-matched control subjects included in the International GBS Outcome Study before the pandemic [23/44 (52%), P = 0.016]. The median time from the onset of infection to neurological symptoms was 16 days (interquartile range 12-22). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection shared uniform neurological features, similar to those previously described in other post-viral GBS patients. The frequency (22%) of a preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection in our study population was higher than estimates of the contemporaneous background prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, which may be a result of recruitment bias during the pandemic, but could also indicate that GBS may rarely follow a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consistent with previous studies, we found no increase in patient recruitment during the pandemic for our ongoing International GBS Outcome Study compared to previous years, making a strong relationship of GBS with SARS-CoV-2 unlikely. A case-control study is required to determine if there is a causative link or not. In the wake of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increasing number of patients with neurological disorders, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), have been reported following this infection. It remains unclear, however, if these cases are coincidental or not, as most publications were case reports or small regional retrospective cohort studies. The International GBS Outcome Study is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study enrolling patients with GBS within 2 weeks from onset of weakness. Data from patients included in this study, between 30 January 2020 and 30 May 2020, were used to investigate clinical and laboratory signs of a preceding or concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection and to describe the associated clinical phenotype and disease course. Patients were classified according to the SARS-CoV-2 case definitions of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and laboratory recommendations of the World Health Organization. Forty-nine patients with GBS were included, of whom eight (16%) had a confirmed and three (6%) a probable SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nine of these 11 patients had no serological evidence of other recent preceding infections associated with GBS, whereas two had serological evidence of a recent Campylobacter jejuni infection. Patients with a confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently had a sensorimotor variant 8/11 (73%) and facial palsy 7/11 (64%). The eight patients who underwent electrophysiological examination all had a demyelinating subtype, which was more prevalent than the other patients included in the same time window [14/30 (47%), P = 0.012] as well as historical region and age-matched control subjects included in the International GBS Outcome Study before the pandemic [23/44 (52%), P = 0.016]. The median time from the onset of infection to neurological symptoms was 16 days (interquartile range 12-22). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection shared uniform neurological features, similar to those previously described in other post-viral GBS patients. The frequency (22%) of a preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection in our study population was higher than estimates of the contemporaneous background prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, which may be a result of recruitment bias during the pandemic, but could also indicate that GBS may rarely follow a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consistent with previous studies, we found no increase in patient recruitment during the pandemic for our ongoing International GBS Outcome Study compared to previous years, making a strong relationship of GBS with SARS-CoV-2 unlikely. A case-control study is required to determine if there is a causative link or not. |
| Author | Scheidegger, Olivier Humm, Andrea M Attarian, Shahram Appeltshauser, Luise Garssen, Marcel P J Kusunoki, Susumu Samijn, Johnny P A van der Kooi, Anneke J Tsouni, Pinelopi Huizinga, Ruth Casasnovas, Carlos Castellani, Francesca Vicino, Alex Harbo, Thomas Jellema, Korné Rinaldi, Simon Doets, Alex Y Luijten, Linda W G Arends, Samuel Leonhard, Sonja E Briani, Chiara Ripellino, Paolo Visser, Leo H Benedetti, Luana Lascano, Agustina M Kuitwaard, Krista Martinez-Hernandez, Eugenia Jacobs, Bart C Wang, Yuzhong Echaniz-Laguna, Andoni van der Eijk, Annemiek A Kuntzer, Thierry Wirtz, Paul W Walgaard, Christa Dardiotis, Efthimios |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Linda W G orcidid: 0000-0002-0199-4516 surname: Luijten fullname: Luijten, Linda W G organization: Department of Neurology, St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, 5022 GC, Tilburg, The Netherlands – sequence: 2 givenname: Sonja E surname: Leonhard fullname: Leonhard, Sonja E organization: Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 3 givenname: Annemiek A surname: van der Eijk fullname: van der Eijk, Annemiek A organization: Department of Viroscience, Unit Clinical Virology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 4 givenname: Alex Y surname: Doets fullname: Doets, Alex Y organization: Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 5 givenname: Luise surname: Appeltshauser fullname: Appeltshauser, Luise organization: Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany – sequence: 6 givenname: Samuel surname: Arends fullname: Arends, Samuel organization: Department of Neurology, Haga Hospital, 2545 AA Den Haag, The Netherlands – sequence: 7 givenname: Shahram surname: Attarian fullname: Attarian, Shahram organization: Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders and ALS, Hôpital de La Timone, 13005 Marseille, France – sequence: 8 givenname: Luana surname: Benedetti fullname: Benedetti, Luana organization: Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, San Martino, Genova, Italy – sequence: 9 givenname: Chiara surname: Briani fullname: Briani, Chiara organization: Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy – sequence: 10 givenname: Carlos surname: Casasnovas fullname: Casasnovas, Carlos organization: Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Neurometabolic Diseases Group, IDIBELL and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain – sequence: 11 givenname: Francesca surname: Castellani fullname: Castellani, Francesca organization: Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy – sequence: 12 givenname: Efthimios surname: Dardiotis fullname: Dardiotis, Efthimios organization: Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece – sequence: 13 givenname: Andoni surname: Echaniz-Laguna fullname: Echaniz-Laguna, Andoni organization: Department of Neurology, APHP, CHU de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France – sequence: 14 givenname: Marcel P J surname: Garssen fullname: Garssen, Marcel P J organization: Department of Neurology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 5223 GZ 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands – sequence: 15 givenname: Thomas surname: Harbo fullname: Harbo, Thomas organization: Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark – sequence: 16 givenname: Ruth surname: Huizinga fullname: Huizinga, Ruth organization: Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 17 givenname: Andrea M surname: Humm fullname: Humm, Andrea M organization: Unit of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, HFR Fribourg-Hôpital Cantonal, CH-1708 Fribourg, Switzerland – sequence: 18 givenname: Korné surname: Jellema fullname: Jellema, Korné organization: Department of Neurology, Haaglanden Medical Center, 2512 VA, Den Haag, The Netherlands – sequence: 19 givenname: Anneke J surname: van der Kooi fullname: van der Kooi, Anneke J organization: Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 20 givenname: Krista surname: Kuitwaard fullname: Kuitwaard, Krista organization: Department of Neurology, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, 3318 AT Dordrecht, The Netherlands – sequence: 21 givenname: Thierry surname: Kuntzer fullname: Kuntzer, Thierry organization: Nerve-muscle Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland – sequence: 22 givenname: Susumu surname: Kusunoki fullname: Kusunoki, Susumu organization: Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama City, Osaka 589-8511, Japan – sequence: 23 givenname: Agustina M surname: Lascano fullname: Lascano, Agustina M organization: Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland – sequence: 24 givenname: Eugenia surname: Martinez-Hernandez fullname: Martinez-Hernandez, Eugenia organization: Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain – sequence: 25 givenname: Simon surname: Rinaldi fullname: Rinaldi, Simon organization: Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK – sequence: 26 givenname: Johnny P A surname: Samijn fullname: Samijn, Johnny P A organization: Department of Neurology, Maasstad Hospital, 3079 DZ Rotterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 27 givenname: Olivier surname: Scheidegger fullname: Scheidegger, Olivier organization: Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 28 givenname: Pinelopi surname: Tsouni fullname: Tsouni, Pinelopi organization: Department of Neurology, Hôpital du Valais, 1950 Sion, Switzerland – sequence: 29 givenname: Alex surname: Vicino fullname: Vicino, Alex organization: Nerve-muscle Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland – sequence: 30 givenname: Leo H surname: Visser fullname: Visser, Leo H organization: Department of Neurology, St. Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, 5022 GC, Tilburg, The Netherlands – sequence: 31 givenname: Christa surname: Walgaard fullname: Walgaard, Christa organization: Department of Neurology, Maasstad Hospital, 3079 DZ Rotterdam, The Netherlands – sequence: 32 givenname: Yuzhong surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Yuzhong organization: Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 272029 Jining, China – sequence: 33 givenname: Paul W surname: Wirtz fullname: Wirtz, Paul W organization: Department of Neurology, Haga Hospital, 2545 AA Den Haag, The Netherlands – sequence: 34 givenname: Paolo surname: Ripellino fullname: Ripellino, Paolo organization: Department of Neurology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, 6903 Lugano, Switzerland – sequence: 35 givenname: Bart C orcidid: 0000-0003-3925-5142 surname: Jacobs fullname: Jacobs, Bart C organization: Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34553216$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpNkMtOwzAQRS1URFtgyRZ5ycbUj9hOlqWCglQJiQLb4PghghK72Amon8R38GOkokhsZq7mHl3NzBSMfPAWgDOCLwku2KyKqvYz9akqKosDMCGZwIgSLkb_9BhMU3rDmGSMiiMwZhnnjBIxAS_Lvm6aIQJdqRi_v2DaehNDa6FynY1wPX9Yo0V4RhTW3lnd1cEPCqpdHQCvdhPVwE0MabPzPyzU4TXEDqauN9sTcOhUk-zpvh-Dp5vrx8UtWt0v7xbzFdIslx3S0hTESsWkzllmOHe2kppWFXWGCcOxIMIIYl2RE-G0xG5wGGaCVSqzztJjcPGbOyzy3tvUlW2dtB1u8zb0qaRc8pwJWhQDer5H-6q1ptzEulVxW_59hf4Acy1oog |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2022_868667 crossref_primary_10_1212_WNL_0000000000201366 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nbd_2022_105715 crossref_primary_10_1111_jns_12612 crossref_primary_10_1212_WNL_0000000000207900 crossref_primary_10_3390_ctn6010007 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41983_023_00633_7 crossref_primary_10_1007_s43440_022_00424_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_medcli_2025_107014 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11033_025_10586_0 crossref_primary_10_1111_ene_15497 crossref_primary_10_1111_ene_70069 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10072_022_05982_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_S1634_7072_22_47358_2 crossref_primary_10_1055_s_0043_1767711 crossref_primary_10_1128_cmr_00131_24 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2024_1396642 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11357_022_00528_0 crossref_primary_10_2147_JIR_S503263 crossref_primary_10_1002_mus_28430 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00115_022_01292_4 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13311_022_01267_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jns_2022_120231 crossref_primary_10_1016_S1474_4422_24_00038_3 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_023_06916_6 crossref_primary_10_4103_nsn_nsn_135_22 crossref_primary_10_1111_ceo_14221 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41541_025_01239_1 crossref_primary_10_31435_ijitss_3_47__2025_3594 crossref_primary_10_1111_cen3_12691 crossref_primary_10_1111_ene_16439 crossref_primary_10_5694_mja2_52063 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00113_023_01297_x crossref_primary_10_1038_s41572_024_00580_4 crossref_primary_10_1134_S2079057022040063 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_banm_2023_02_014 crossref_primary_10_1111_jns_12482 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000043634 crossref_primary_10_3390_neurolint15040086 crossref_primary_10_1002_ejp_2055 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_it_2022_02_003 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40001_023_01293_2 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2023_1125455 crossref_primary_10_1002_ccr3_6772 crossref_primary_10_1212_WNL_0000000000201376 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_medcle_2025_107014 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Contributor | Cavaletti, Guido Holbech, Jakob V Bateman, Kathleen Faber, Karin G Cosgrove, Jeremy S Bella, Isabelita R Doets, Alex Y Hadden, Robert D M Shahrizaila, Nortina Jimeno Montero, Maria C Hundsberger, Thomas Benedetti, Luana Balducci, Claudia Grapperon, Aude-Marie Wang, Yuzhong Hughes, Richard A C Badrising, Umesh A Péréon, Yann Davidson, Amy van den Bergh, Peter Dardiotis, Efthimios Gijsbers, Cees J Brannagan, Thomas H Granit, Volkan Bürmann, Jan García-Sobrino, Tania Kusunoki, Susumu Feasby, Tom E Castellani, Francesca Fazio, Raffaella Gilchrist, James M Antonini, Giovanni Conti, Maria Eugenia Dimachkie, Mazen M Galassi, Giuliana Fulgenzi, Ernesto A Willison, Hugh J de Koning, Laura C Luijten, Linda W G Bertorini, Tulio E Briani, Chiara Karafiath, Summer Job Gilhuis, H Chao, Chi-Chao Fokke, Chris Addington, James M Echaniz-Laguna, Andoni Lehmann, Helmar C Bhavaraju-Sanka, Ratna Holt, James K L van Doorn, Pieter A Barroso, Fabio A Dalakas, Marinos C Attarian, Shahram Eftimov, Filip Claeys, Kristl G Garssen, Marcel P J Roodbol, Joyce Gentile, Fran |
| Contributor_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bart C surname: Jacobs fullname: Jacobs, Bart C – sequence: 2 givenname: Richard A C surname: Hughes fullname: Hughes, Richard A C – sequence: 3 givenname: David R surname: Cornblath fullname: Cornblath, David R – sequence: 4 givenname: Kenneth C surname: Gorson fullname: Gorson, Kenneth C – sequence: 5 givenname: Hans-Peter surname: Hartung fullname: Hartung, Hans-Peter – sequence: 6 givenname: Susumu surname: Kusunoki fullname: Kusunoki, Susumu – sequence: 7 givenname: Pieter A surname: van Doorn fullname: van Doorn, Pieter A – sequence: 8 givenname: Hugh J surname: Willison fullname: Willison, Hugh J – sequence: 9 givenname: Bianca surname: van den Berg fullname: van den Berg, Bianca – sequence: 10 givenname: Christine surname: Verboon fullname: Verboon, Christine – sequence: 11 givenname: Joyce surname: Roodbol fullname: Roodbol, Joyce – sequence: 12 givenname: Alex Y surname: Doets fullname: Doets, Alex Y – sequence: 13 givenname: Sonja E surname: Leonhard fullname: Leonhard, Sonja E – sequence: 14 givenname: Linda W G surname: Luijten fullname: Luijten, Linda W G – sequence: 15 givenname: Laura C surname: de Koning fullname: de Koning, Laura C – sequence: 16 givenname: Melissa surname: Mandarakas fullname: Mandarakas, Melissa – sequence: 17 givenname: Marieke surname: van Woerkom fullname: van Woerkom, Marieke – sequence: 18 givenname: Samuel surname: Arends fullname: Arends, Samuel – sequence: 19 givenname: Ricardo C surname: Reisin fullname: Reisin, Ricardo C – sequence: 20 givenname: Stephen W surname: Reddel fullname: Reddel, Stephen W – sequence: 21 givenname: Zhahirul surname: Islam fullname: Islam, Zhahirul – sequence: 22 givenname: Quazi Deen surname: Mohammad fullname: Mohammad, Quazi Deen – sequence: 23 givenname: Peter surname: van den Bergh fullname: van den Bergh, Peter – sequence: 24 givenname: Tom E surname: Feasby fullname: Feasby, Tom E – sequence: 25 givenname: Yuzhong surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Yuzhong – sequence: 26 givenname: Thomas surname: Harbo fullname: Harbo, Thomas – sequence: 27 givenname: Yann surname: Péréon fullname: Péréon, Yann – sequence: 28 givenname: Helmar C surname: Lehmann fullname: Lehmann, Helmar C – sequence: 29 givenname: Efthimios surname: Dardiotis fullname: Dardiotis, Efthimios – sequence: 30 givenname: Eduardo surname: Nobile-Orazio fullname: Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo – sequence: 31 givenname: Nortina surname: Shahrizaila fullname: Shahrizaila, Nortina – sequence: 32 givenname: Kathleen surname: Bateman fullname: Bateman, Kathleen – sequence: 33 givenname: Isabel surname: Illa fullname: Illa, Isabel – sequence: 34 givenname: Luis surname: Querol fullname: Querol, Luis – sequence: 35 givenname: Paolo surname: Ripellino fullname: Ripellino, Paolo – sequence: 36 givenname: Sung-Tsang surname: Hsieh fullname: Hsieh, Sung-Tsang – sequence: 37 givenname: Govindsinh surname: Chavada fullname: Chavada, Govindsinh – sequence: 38 givenname: Amy surname: Davidson fullname: Davidson, Amy – sequence: 39 givenname: James M surname: Addington fullname: Addington, James M – sequence: 40 givenname: Henning surname: Andersen fullname: Andersen, Henning – sequence: 41 givenname: Giovanni surname: Antonini fullname: Antonini, Giovanni – sequence: 42 givenname: Senda surname: Ajroud-Driss fullname: Ajroud-Driss, Senda – sequence: 43 givenname: Shahram surname: Attarian fullname: Attarian, Shahram – sequence: 44 givenname: Umesh A surname: Badrising fullname: Badrising, Umesh A – sequence: 45 givenname: Claudia surname: Balducci fullname: Balducci, Claudia – sequence: 46 givenname: Fabio A surname: Barroso fullname: Barroso, Fabio A – sequence: 47 givenname: Isabelita R surname: Bella fullname: Bella, Isabelita R – sequence: 48 givenname: Luana surname: Benedetti fullname: Benedetti, Luana – sequence: 49 givenname: Tulio E surname: Bertorini fullname: Bertorini, Tulio E – sequence: 50 givenname: Ratna surname: Bhavaraju-Sanka fullname: Bhavaraju-Sanka, Ratna – sequence: 51 givenname: Thomas H surname: Brannagan fullname: Brannagan, Thomas H – sequence: 52 givenname: Chiara surname: Briani fullname: Briani, Chiara – sequence: 53 givenname: Jan surname: Bürmann fullname: Bürmann, Jan – sequence: 54 givenname: Mark surname: Busby fullname: Busby, Mark – sequence: 55 givenname: Stephen surname: Butterworth fullname: Butterworth, Stephen – sequence: 56 givenname: Carlos surname: Casasnovas fullname: Casasnovas, Carlos – sequence: 57 givenname: Francesca surname: Castellani fullname: Castellani, Francesca – sequence: 58 givenname: Guido surname: Cavaletti fullname: Cavaletti, Guido – sequence: 59 givenname: Chi-Chao surname: Chao fullname: Chao, Chi-Chao – sequence: 60 givenname: Shan surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Shan – sequence: 61 givenname: Kristl G surname: Claeys fullname: Claeys, Kristl G – sequence: 62 givenname: Maria Eugenia surname: Conti fullname: Conti, Maria Eugenia – sequence: 63 givenname: Jeremy S surname: Cosgrove fullname: Cosgrove, Jeremy S – sequence: 64 givenname: Marinos C surname: Dalakas fullname: Dalakas, Marinos C – sequence: 65 givenname: Miroslawa A surname: Derejko fullname: Derejko, Miroslawa A – sequence: 66 givenname: Mazen M surname: Dimachkie fullname: Dimachkie, Mazen M – sequence: 67 givenname: Charlotte Dornonville surname: de la Cour fullname: de la Cour, Charlotte Dornonville – sequence: 68 givenname: Andoni surname: Echaniz-Laguna fullname: Echaniz-Laguna, Andoni – sequence: 69 givenname: Filip surname: Eftimov fullname: Eftimov, Filip – sequence: 70 givenname: Karin G surname: Faber fullname: Faber, Karin G – sequence: 71 givenname: Raffaella surname: Fazio fullname: Fazio, Raffaella – sequence: 72 givenname: Chris surname: Fokke fullname: Fokke, Chris – sequence: 73 givenname: Toshiki surname: Fujioka fullname: Fujioka, Toshiki – sequence: 74 givenname: Ernesto A surname: Fulgenzi fullname: Fulgenzi, Ernesto A – sequence: 75 givenname: Giuliana surname: Galassi fullname: Galassi, Giuliana – sequence: 76 givenname: Tania surname: García-Sobrino fullname: García-Sobrino, Tania – sequence: 77 givenname: Marcel P J surname: Garssen fullname: Garssen, Marcel P J – sequence: 78 givenname: Francesco surname: Gentile fullname: Gentile, Francesco – sequence: 79 givenname: Cees J surname: Gijsbers fullname: Gijsbers, Cees J – sequence: 80 givenname: James M surname: Gilchrist fullname: Gilchrist, James M – sequence: 81 givenname: H surname: Job Gilhuis fullname: Job Gilhuis, H – sequence: 82 givenname: Jonathan M surname: Goldstein fullname: Goldstein, Jonathan M – sequence: 83 givenname: Namita A surname: Goyal fullname: Goyal, Namita A – sequence: 84 givenname: Volkan surname: Granit fullname: Granit, Volkan – sequence: 85 givenname: Aude-Marie surname: Grapperon fullname: Grapperon, Aude-Marie – sequence: 86 givenname: Stefano surname: Grisanti fullname: Grisanti, Stefano – sequence: 87 givenname: Gerardo surname: Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez fullname: Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Gerardo – sequence: 88 givenname: Lauri surname: Gutmann fullname: Gutmann, Lauri – sequence: 89 givenname: Robert D M surname: Hadden fullname: Hadden, Robert D M – sequence: 90 givenname: Jakob V surname: Holbech fullname: Holbech, Jakob V – sequence: 91 givenname: James K L surname: Holt fullname: Holt, James K L – sequence: 92 givenname: Min surname: Htut fullname: Htut, Min – sequence: 93 givenname: Andrea surname: Humm fullname: Humm, Andrea – sequence: 94 givenname: Thomas surname: Hundsberger fullname: Hundsberger, Thomas – sequence: 95 givenname: Korné surname: Jellema fullname: Jellema, Korné – sequence: 96 givenname: Ivonne Jericó surname: Pascual fullname: Pascual, Ivonne Jericó – sequence: 97 givenname: Maria C surname: Jimeno Montero fullname: Jimeno Montero, Maria C – sequence: 98 givenname: Kenichi surname: Kaida fullname: Kaida, Kenichi – sequence: 99 givenname: Summer surname: Karafiath fullname: Karafiath, Summer – sequence: 100 givenname: Hans D surname: Katzberg fullname: Katzberg, Hans D |
| Copyright | The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. |
| CorporateAuthor | IGOS consortium |
| CorporateAuthor_xml | – name: IGOS consortium |
| DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1093/brain/awab279 |
| DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | no_fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 1460-2156 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 34553216 |
| Genre | Multicenter Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Observational Study |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam – fundername: Medical Research Council grantid: MR/P008399/1 – fundername: GBS-CIDP Foundation International, Gain, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Glasgow University, CSL Behring, Grifols, Annexon and Hansa Biopharma – fundername: GBS-CIDP Foundation International |
| GroupedDBID | --- -E4 -~X .2P .I3 .XZ .ZR 0R~ 1TH 23N 2WC 4.4 482 48X 53G 5GY 5RE 5VS 5WA 5WD 6PF 70D AABZA AACZT AAIMJ AAJKP AAMDB AAMVS AAOGV AAPNW AAPQZ AAPXW AARHZ AAUAY AAVAP AAVLN AAWTL ABDFA ABEJV ABEUO ABGNP ABIVO ABIXL ABJNI ABKDP ABLJU ABMNT ABNHQ ABNKS ABPQP ABPTD ABQLI ABQNK ABVGC ABWST ABXVV ABXZS ABZBJ ACGFS ACIWK ACPRK ACUFI ACUTJ ACUTO ACYHN ADBBV ADEYI ADEZT ADGKP ADGZP ADHKW ADHZD ADIPN ADNBA ADOCK ADQBN ADRTK ADVEK ADYVW ADZXQ AEGPL AEJOX AEKSI AELWJ AEMDU AEMQT AENEX AENZO AEPUE AETBJ AEWNT AFFZL AFGWE AFIYH AFOFC AFXAL AFYAG AGINJ AGKEF AGORE AGQXC AGSYK AGUTN AHGBF AHMBA AHMMS AHXPO AIJHB AJBYB AJEEA AJNCP AKWXX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALUQC ALXQX APIBT APWMN ARIXL ATGXG AXUDD AYOIW BAWUL BAYMD BCRHZ BEYMZ BHONS BQDIO BR6 BSWAC BTRTY BVRKM C45 CDBKE CGR COF CS3 CUY CVF CZ4 DAKXR DIK DILTD DU5 D~K E3Z EBS ECM EE~ EIF EMOBN ENERS F5P F9B FECEO FHSFR FLUFQ FOEOM FOTVD FQBLK GAUVT GJXCC GX1 H13 H5~ HAR HW0 HZ~ IOX J21 J5H JXSIZ KAQDR KBUDW KOP KQ8 KSI KSN L7B M-Z MHKGH ML0 N9A NGC NLBLG NOMLY NOYVH NPM O9- OAUYM OAWHX OBOKY OCZFY ODMLO OHH OJQWA OJZSN OK1 OPAEJ OVD OWPYF P2P PAFKI PEELM PQQKQ Q1. Q5Y R44 RD5 ROL ROX RUSNO RW1 RXO TCURE TEORI TJX TLC TR2 VVN W8F WH7 WOQ X7H YAYTL YKOAZ YSK YXANX ZKX ~91 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-c7d91e7a37c834d55feb7c2bb2fd36d50616d61ef9816fc70fb2f30363ba4efe2 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X8 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 47 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000743514700018&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1460-2156 |
| IngestDate | Sun Sep 28 00:59:54 EDT 2025 Sat May 31 02:10:30 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 11 |
| Keywords | COVID-19 Guillain-Barré SARS-CoV-2 syndrome preceding infections clinical phenotype |
| Language | English |
| License | The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c387t-c7d91e7a37c834d55feb7c2bb2fd36d50616d61ef9816fc70fb2f30363ba4efe2 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3925-5142 0000-0002-0199-4516 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://academic.oup.com/brain/article-pdf/144/11/3392/41794583/awab279.pdf |
| PMID | 34553216 |
| PQID | 2575836299 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_2575836299 pubmed_primary_34553216 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2021-12-16 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2021-12-16 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 12 year: 2021 text: 2021-12-16 day: 16 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England |
| PublicationTitle | Brain (London, England : 1878) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Brain |
| PublicationYear | 2021 |
| SSID | ssj0014326 |
| Score | 2.5748188 |
| Snippet | In the wake of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increasing number of patients with neurological disorders,... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 3392 |
| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Cohort Studies COVID-19 - complications Female Guillain-Barre Syndrome - epidemiology Guillain-Barre Syndrome - virology Humans Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies SARS-CoV-2 |
| Title | Guillain-Barré syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection in an international prospective cohort study |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34553216 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2575836299 |
| Volume | 144 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000743514700018&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3JTsMwELWAIsSFfSmbjMTVamPHS06oVCwHWlUUqt6K7ThSL0lJW_gmvoMfY5wmKieExMWKFEUaOeOZ59keQlfCxiIBTYG7SexI6CJONKMJEXB71pY7ExVxyMGj7HbVcBj1yoDbtCyrrGxiYajjzPoYeQNUiyuwtlF0PXkjnjXKZ1dLCo1VVGMAZbxWy-EyixAyWnYXNQm4NlHO2AQxGsYTMDT0hzZU_oIuCy9zt_1f-XbQVokvcWuhELtoxaV7aKNTZtD30ev93PMMjVNyo_P86xNXIwtwwRaO-62nPmlnA0JxVaeVwhPWfv0RPMQgXtWliT3Lbj7DxajaA_Ryd_vcfiAlywKxTMkZsTKOAic1k1axMOY8cUZaagxNYiZiDg5fxCJwSaQC3xjUTOCNd3zM6NAljh6itTRL3THCMnTKAgIECNAMLafKKOMA4qmQgyERtI4uq70bgRb71IROXTafjpa7V0dHix8wmizGbYxYyDmjgTj5w9enaJP6opOAkkCcoVoCZ9ido3X7PhtP84tCPWDt9jrfeXLG4w |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Guillain-Barr%C3%A9+syndrome+after+SARS-CoV-2+infection+in+an+international+prospective+cohort+study&rft.jtitle=Brain+%28London%2C+England+%3A+1878%29&rft.au=Luijten%2C+Linda+W+G&rft.au=Leonhard%2C+Sonja+E&rft.au=van+der+Eijk%2C+Annemiek+A&rft.au=Doets%2C+Alex+Y&rft.date=2021-12-16&rft.eissn=1460-2156&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3392&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbrain%2Fawab279&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34553216&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34553216&rft.externalDocID=34553216 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1460-2156&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1460-2156&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1460-2156&client=summon |