Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Sampling, Data Collection, and Analysis Techniques in Mixed-Method Studies
Researchers have increasingly turned to mixed‐method techniques to expand the scope and improve the analytic power of their studies. Yet there is still relatively little direction on and much confusion about how to combine qualitative and quantitative techniques. These techniques are neither paradig...
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| Vydáno v: | Research in nursing & health Ročník 23; číslo 3; s. 246 - 255 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.06.2000
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| ISSN: | 0160-6891, 1098-240X |
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| Abstract | Researchers have increasingly turned to mixed‐method techniques to expand the scope and improve the analytic power of their studies. Yet there is still relatively little direction on and much confusion about how to combine qualitative and quantitative techniques. These techniques are neither paradigm‐ nor method‐linked; researchers' orientations to inquiry and their methodological commitments will influence how they use them. Examples of sampling combinations include criterion sampling from instrument scores, random purposeful sampling, and stratified purposeful sampling. Examples of data collection combinations include the use of instruments for fuller qualitative description, for validation, as guides for purposeful sampling, and as elicitation devices in interviews. Examples of data analysis combinations include interpretively linking qualitative and quantitative data sets and the transformation processes of qualitizing and quantitizing. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Res Nurs & Health 23:246–255, 2000 |
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| AbstractList | Researchers have increasingly turned to mixed-method techniques to expand the scope and improve the analytic power of their studies. Yet there is still relatively little direction on and much confusion about how to combine qualitative and quantitative techniques. These techniques are neither paradigm- nor method-linked; researchers' orientations to inquiry and their methodological commitments will influence how they use them. Examples of sampling combinations include criterion sampling from instrument scores, random purposeful sampling, and stratified purposeful sampling. Examples of data collection combinations include the use of instruments for fuller qualitative description, for validation, as guides for purposeful sampling, and as elicitation devices in interviews. Examples of data analysis combinations include interpretively linking qualitative and quantitative data sets and the transformation processes of qualitizing and quantitizing. Researchers have increasingly turned to mixed‐method techniques to expand the scope and improve the analytic power of their studies. Yet there is still relatively little direction on and much confusion about how to combine qualitative and quantitative techniques. These techniques are neither paradigm‐ nor method‐linked; researchers' orientations to inquiry and their methodological commitments will influence how they use them. Examples of sampling combinations include criterion sampling from instrument scores, random purposeful sampling, and stratified purposeful sampling. Examples of data collection combinations include the use of instruments for fuller qualitative description, for validation, as guides for purposeful sampling, and as elicitation devices in interviews. Examples of data analysis combinations include interpretively linking qualitative and quantitative data sets and the transformation processes of qualitizing and quantitizing. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Res Nurs & Health 23:246–255, 2000 Researchers have increasingly turned to mixed-method techniques to expand the scope and improve the analytic power of their studies. Yet there is still relatively little direction on and much confusion about how to combine qualitative and quantitative techniques. These techniques are neither paradigm- nor method-linked; researchers' orientations to inquiry and their methodological commitments will influence how they use them. Examples of sampling combinations include criterion sampling from instrument scores, random purposeful sampling, and stratified purposeful sampling. Examples of data collection combinations include the use of instruments for fuller qualitative description, for validation, as guides for purposeful sampling, and as elicitation devices in interviews. Examples of data analysis combinations include interpretively linking qualitative and quantitative data sets and the transformation processes of qualitizing and quantitizing.Researchers have increasingly turned to mixed-method techniques to expand the scope and improve the analytic power of their studies. Yet there is still relatively little direction on and much confusion about how to combine qualitative and quantitative techniques. These techniques are neither paradigm- nor method-linked; researchers' orientations to inquiry and their methodological commitments will influence how they use them. Examples of sampling combinations include criterion sampling from instrument scores, random purposeful sampling, and stratified purposeful sampling. Examples of data collection combinations include the use of instruments for fuller qualitative description, for validation, as guides for purposeful sampling, and as elicitation devices in interviews. Examples of data analysis combinations include interpretively linking qualitative and quantitative data sets and the transformation processes of qualitizing and quantitizing. |
| Author | Sandelowski, Margarete |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Margarete surname: Sandelowski fullname: Sandelowski, Margarete organization: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, 7460 Carrington Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 |
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| Cites_doi | 10.3102/01623737015002195 10.1002/nur.4770130603 10.1002/nur.4770180612 10.1177/104973239600600101 10.1177/104973239500500308 10.1177/109019819201900108 10.3102/01623737011003255 10.1007/BF01098947 10.1177/104973239600600306 10.1177/109019819201900104 10.1177/104973239800800306 10.1097/00006199-199103000-00014 10.1177/104973239800800307 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90265-E 10.1097/00012272-199509000-00003 10.1097/00012272-199809000-00002 10.1177/107780049700300302 10.1080/07399339109515938 10.1007/BF00988249 10.1287/orsc.8.1.97 |
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| References | Patton, M.Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Weinholtz, D., Kacer, B., & Rocklin, T. (1995). Salvaging quantitative research with qualitative data. Qualitative Health Research, 5, 388-397. Sandelowski, M. (1995). Triangles and crystals: On the geometry of qualitative research. Research in Nursing & Health, 18, 569-574. Pearce, J.C. (1971). The crack in the cosmic egg: Challenging constructs of mind and reality. New York: Washington Square Press. Barbour, R.S. (1998). Mixing qualitative methods: Quality assurance or qualitative quagmire? Qualitative Health Research, 8, 352-361. Ford-Gilboe, M., Campbell, J., & Berman, H. (1995). Stories and numbers: Coexistence without compromise. ANS: Advances in Nursing Science, 18, 14-26. Silverman, D. (1993). Interpreting qualitative data: Methods for analyzing talk, text and interaction. London: Sage. Annells, M. (1996). Grounded theory method: Philosophical perspectives, paradigm of inquiry, and post- modernism. Qualitative Health Research, 6, 379-393. Caracelli, V.J., & Greene, J.C. (1993). Data analysis strategies for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 15, 195-207. Helitzer-Allen, D.L., & Kendall, C. (1992). Explaining differences between qualitative and quantitative data: A study of chemoprophylaxis during pregnancy. Health Education Quarterly 19, 41-54. Greene, J.C., Caracelli, V.J., & Graham, W.F. (1989). Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 11, 255-274. Heron, J., & Reason, P. (1997). A participatory inquiry paradigm. Qualitative Inquiry, 3, 274-294. Sandelowski, M., Harris, B.G., & Holditch-Davis, D. (1991). Amniocentesis in the context of infertility. Health Care for Women International, 12, 167-178. Trost, J.E. (1986). Statistically non-representative stratified sampling: A sampling technique for qualitative studies. Qualitative Sociology, 9, 54-57. Morse, J.M. (1996). Is qualitative research complete? Qualitative Health Research, 6, 3-5. Morgan, D.L. (1998). Practical strategies for combining qualitative and quantitative methods: Applications to health research. Qualitative Health Research, 8, 362-376. Ornstein, S.M., Musham, C., Reid, A., Jenkins, R.G., Zemp, L.D., & Garr, D.R. (1993). Barriers to adherence to preventive services reminder letters: The patient's perspective. Journal of Family Practice, 36, 195-200. Buchanan, D.R. (1992). An uneasy alliance: Combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. Health Education Quarterly, 19, 117-135. Berman, H., Ford-Gilboe, M., & Campbell, J.C. (1998). Combining stories and numbers: A methodologic approach for a critical nursing science. ANS: Advances in Nursing Science, 21(1), 1-15. Fleury, J. (1993). Preserving qualitative meaning in instrument development. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1, 135-144. Greene, J.C., & Caracelli, V.J., (Eds.). (1997a). Advances in mixed-method evaluation: The challenges and benefits of integrating diverse paradigms. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Sutton, R.I. (1997). The virtues of closet qualitative research. Organization Science, 8, 97-106. Rossman, G.B., & Wilson, B.L. (1994). Numbers and words revisited: Being "shamelessly eclectic." Quality & Quantity, 28, 315-327. Morse, J.M. (1991). Approaches to qualitative-quantitative methodological triangulation. Nursing Research, 40, 120-123. Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Borkan, J.M., Quirk, M., & Sullivan, M. (1991). Finding meaning after the fall: Injury narratives from elderly hip fracture patients. Social Science & Medicine, 33, 947-957. Wolfer, J. (1993). Aspects of "reality" and ways of knowing in nursing: In search of an integrating paradigm. Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25, 141-146. Rothert, M., Rovner, D., Holmes, M., Schmitt, N., Talarczyk, G., Kroll, J., & Gogate, J. (1990). Women's use of information regarding hormone replacement therapy. Research in Nursing & Health, 13, 355-366. Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (1998). Mixed methodology: Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. 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| References_xml | – reference: Morse, J.M. (1996). Is qualitative research complete? Qualitative Health Research, 6, 3-5. – reference: Greene, J.C., & Caracelli, V.J., (Eds.). (1997a). Advances in mixed-method evaluation: The challenges and benefits of integrating diverse paradigms. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. – reference: Buchanan, D.R. (1992). An uneasy alliance: Combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. Health Education Quarterly, 19, 117-135. – reference: Pearce, J.C. (1971). The crack in the cosmic egg: Challenging constructs of mind and reality. New York: Washington Square Press. – reference: Trost, J.E. (1986). Statistically non-representative stratified sampling: A sampling technique for qualitative studies. Qualitative Sociology, 9, 54-57. – reference: Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (1998). Mixed methodology: Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. – reference: Sutton, R.I. (1997). The virtues of closet qualitative research. Organization Science, 8, 97-106. – reference: Weinholtz, D., Kacer, B., & Rocklin, T. (1995). Salvaging quantitative research with qualitative data. Qualitative Health Research, 5, 388-397. – reference: Morgan, D.L. (1998). Practical strategies for combining qualitative and quantitative methods: Applications to health research. Qualitative Health Research, 8, 362-376. – reference: Rothert, M., Rovner, D., Holmes, M., Schmitt, N., Talarczyk, G., Kroll, J., & Gogate, J. (1990). Women's use of information regarding hormone replacement therapy. Research in Nursing & Health, 13, 355-366. – reference: Ford-Gilboe, M., Campbell, J., & Berman, H. (1995). Stories and numbers: Coexistence without compromise. ANS: Advances in Nursing Science, 18, 14-26. – reference: Borkan, J.M., Quirk, M., & Sullivan, M. (1991). Finding meaning after the fall: Injury narratives from elderly hip fracture patients. Social Science & Medicine, 33, 947-957. – reference: Sandelowski, M. (1995). Triangles and crystals: On the geometry of qualitative research. Research in Nursing & Health, 18, 569-574. – reference: Greene, J.C., Caracelli, V.J., & Graham, W.F. (1989). Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 11, 255-274. – reference: Fleury, J. (1993). Preserving qualitative meaning in instrument development. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1, 135-144. – reference: Patton, M.Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. – reference: Berman, H., Ford-Gilboe, M., & Campbell, J.C. (1998). Combining stories and numbers: A methodologic approach for a critical nursing science. ANS: Advances in Nursing Science, 21(1), 1-15. – reference: Annells, M. (1996). Grounded theory method: Philosophical perspectives, paradigm of inquiry, and post- modernism. 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| Title | Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Sampling, Data Collection, and Analysis Techniques in Mixed-Method Studies |
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