Student Evaluations of Teaching Encourages Poor Teaching and Contributes to Grade Inflation: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis

Student Evaluations of Teaching (SETs) do not measure teaching effectiveness, and their widespread use by university administrators in decisions about faculty hiring, promotions, and merit increases encourages poor teaching and causes grade inflation. Students need to get good grades, and faculty me...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Basic and applied social psychology Vol. 42; no. 4; pp. 276 - 294
Main Author:	Stroebe, Wolfgang
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Mahwah Routledge 03.07.2020 Psychology Press
Subjects:	Administrators College faculty Educational evaluation Hiring Inflation Merit increases Students Teacher evaluations Teachers Teaching
ISSN:	0197-3533, 1532-4834
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Student Evaluations of Teaching (SETs) do not measure teaching effectiveness, and their widespread use by university administrators in decisions about faculty hiring, promotions, and merit increases encourages poor teaching and causes grade inflation. Students need to get good grades, and faculty members need to get good SETs. Therefore, SETs empower students to shape faculty behavior. This power can be used to reward lenient-grading instructors who require little work and to punish strict-grading instructors. This article reviews research that shows that students (a) reward teachers who grade leniently with positive SETs, (b) reward easy courses with positive SETs, and (c) choose courses that promise good grades. The study also shows that instructors want (and need) good SETs.
AbstractList	Student Evaluations of Teaching (SETs) do not measure teaching effectiveness, and their widespread use by university administrators in decisions about faculty hiring, promotions, and merit increases encourages poor teaching and causes grade inflation. Students need to get good grades, and faculty members need to get good SETs. Therefore, SETs empower students to shape faculty behavior. This power can be used to reward lenient-grading instructors who require little work and to punish strict-grading instructors. This article reviews research that shows that students (a) reward teachers who grade leniently with positive SETs, (b) reward easy courses with positive SETs, and (c) choose courses that promise good grades. The study also shows that instructors want (and need) good SETs.
Author	Stroebe, Wolfgang
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Wolfgang surname: Stroebe fullname: Stroebe, Wolfgang email: wolfgang.stroebe@gmail.com organization: University of Groningen
BookMark	eNqFkFFr2zAUhUVJYUnbnzAQ9NmdZFmy3L4shKwNBFZo-iyubalVcaRMkjvyuH9eO-kY9KF7Err3fId7zgxNnHcaoa-UXFEiyTdCq5Jxxq5ykg-jkgtJyxM0pZzlWSFZMUHTUZONoi9oFuMLIaRkQk7Rn4fUt9olvHyFrodkvYvYG7zR0Dxb94SXrvF9gCcd8b334d8CXIsX3qVg6z4N2-TxbYBW45Uz3cHoGs_x5ln7oJNtoDsQy-3OhsNv7qDbRxvP0amBLuqL9_cMPf5YbhZ32frn7WoxX2cNkzxlAgwhVU1qKkROQbC2biowxTComTBSaCp0K2TNa1IaOuSVVS51xdu64qKi7AxdHn13wf_qdUzqZQg2HBFVXhBe5aIoRtXNUdUEH2PQRjU2HdKkALZTlKixc_W3czV2rt47H2j-gd4Fu4Ww_y_3_chZZ3zYwm8fulYl2Hc-mACusVGxzy3eAKFbmu4
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1007_s11162_024_09804_8 crossref_primary_10_1080_15512169_2024_2324924 crossref_primary_10_7717_peerj_13456 crossref_primary_10_1080_10872981_2023_2220175 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10805_025_09627_x crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2023_2199181 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2024_2407927 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2022_2130169 crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2023_1158132 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40594_023_00457_0 crossref_primary_10_29333_ejmste_13233 crossref_primary_10_29333_pr_12094 crossref_primary_10_1108_JARHE_07_2024_0348 crossref_primary_10_14746_ssllt_48231 crossref_primary_10_1002_tl_20535 crossref_primary_10_1080_10790195_2022_2062626 crossref_primary_10_1187_cbe_24_02_0065 crossref_primary_10_3390_robotics10010005 crossref_primary_10_1080_03075079_2023_2258933 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12909_022_03148_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_stueduc_2024_101342 crossref_primary_10_3390_higheredu3020013 crossref_primary_10_4018_IJKM_385732 crossref_primary_10_1002_cae_22457 crossref_primary_10_1080_15512169_2024_2335235 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2022_909269 crossref_primary_10_1177_23939575251335084 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jdeveco_2024_103362 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2025_2504618 crossref_primary_10_1109_TE_2025_3536301 crossref_primary_10_1177_27527263241311382 crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2023_1211403 crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci14010061 crossref_primary_10_1002_aepp_13490 crossref_primary_10_1177_10525629231201843 crossref_primary_10_1080_2331186X_2025_2504216 crossref_primary_10_3138_jehr_2023_0058 crossref_primary_10_1057_s41599_024_03387_6 crossref_primary_10_1111_ajps_70005 crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2023_1229129 crossref_primary_10_4236_jss_2025_136016 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11606_022_07969_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e29473 crossref_primary_10_1080_00336297_2025_2502342 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2020_1782343 crossref_primary_10_3280_exioa1_2025oa20587 crossref_primary_10_1177_23328584211073167 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12909_025_07300_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_teln_2025_04_016 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2022_2126430 crossref_primary_10_3998_tia_4800 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11233_024_09148_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cobeha_2025_101523 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2021_2012643 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10755_023_09652_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_stueduc_2025_101475 crossref_primary_10_1080_02615479_2022_2063829 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_stueduc_2024_101353 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_teln_2024_11_009 crossref_primary_10_1177_00986283221103473 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11162_024_09826_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10805_023_09473_9 crossref_primary_10_1097_ACM_0000000000005006 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2023_2177252 crossref_primary_10_1080_08832323_2024_2400059 crossref_primary_10_1080_10511970_2023_2190183 crossref_primary_10_1080_18117295_2024_2444793 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12909_025_06896_3 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2021_576282 crossref_primary_10_1080_02697459_2022_2077895 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2022_1004487 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2025_2548923 crossref_primary_10_1017_S1049096522001068 crossref_primary_10_1080_13803611_2021_2022318 crossref_primary_10_1186_s43031_021_00035_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2025_107153 crossref_primary_10_1080_13602381_2025_2452857 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42087_023_00361_7 crossref_primary_10_1080_10401334_2025_2461991 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42087_023_00385_z crossref_primary_10_1080_00220485_2025_2468969 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2023_2195598 crossref_primary_10_18502_kss_v9i29_17281 crossref_primary_10_1080_13664530_2024_2390420 crossref_primary_10_69569_jip_2024_0529 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40594_023_00460_5 crossref_primary_10_1080_02602938_2022_2086965 crossref_primary_10_3928_01484834_20250313_02 crossref_primary_10_2478_amns_2024_3262 crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2024_1329734 crossref_primary_10_1080_07294360_2025_2548280 crossref_primary_10_1080_03075079_2024_2438843 crossref_primary_10_1111_eje_12899 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12909_024_06126_2 crossref_primary_10_1080_13527266_2023_2273537 crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci11050211
Cites_doi	10.1037/0022-0663.89.4.743 10.2307/1981907 10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.109 10.1080/02602938.2016.1276155 10.1080/02602938.2018.1520193 10.1080/00986280709336641 10.1080/00986280902959739 10.3102/00346543058002151 10.1177/1745691616650284 10.1016/j.stueduc.2018.07.009 10.1007/s12115-011-9417-8 10.1017/S104909651800001X 10.1177/0273475308324086 10.1111/j.1540-6237.2007.00487.x 10.1162/REST_a_00093 10.1080/00091383.2011.568898 10.2307/2093493 10.1080/00220973.1975.11011526 10.1037/a0019865 10.1007/BF00976185 10.1016/j.stueduc.2016.08.007 10.7717/peerj.3299 10.3102/00346543051003281 10.1007/s00181-017-1313-7 10.1016/j.econedurev.2004.07.013 10.2307/1318991 10.1037/0022-0663.82.2.219 10.3200/CTCH.57.2.89-92 10.5465/amle.2006.20388384 10.2307/1389669 10.1080/13562510903050137 10.1001/jama.289.4.454 10.1006/ceps.2000.1070 10.1080/00986280701700318 10.1257/jep.5.1.159 10.3200/JECE.40.3.227-261 10.1007/s12103-012-9186-y 10.1080/08832323.2016.1140115 10.3200/GENP.133.1.19-35 10.1080/02602930802079463 10.1080/08832323.2017.1313189 10.1111/j.1465-7295.2009.00245.x 10.1080/08832320309598619 10.1007/s10755-014-9313-4 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.12.009 10.1037/0003-066X.52.11.1209 10.1177/0273475300223004 10.1080/02602930601122803 10.1007/BF00975102 10.1080/02602938.2010.507299 10.1080/03075079.2015.1019450 10.1007/s00134-018-5293-7 10.1016/j.econedurev.2014.04.002 10.1037/0022-3514.64.3.431 10.1257/jep.23.3.93 10.1086/653808 10.1093/jeea/jvx057 10.1016/j.econedurev.2010.06.011 10.7717/peerj.7225 10.3200/JOEB.84.1.55-61 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2003.11.001 10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.12.006 10.1080/01973533.2019.1652178 10.1525/9780520913523 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.11.006 10.1007/BF00992392 10.1111/medu.13627 10.2307/2549561 10.2105/AJPH.2005.083782 10.1016/j.econedurev.2019.05.007 10.1257/jep.28.3.189
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 2020 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution – Non-Commercial – No Derivatives License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 2020 – notice: 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution – Non-Commercial – No Derivatives License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID	0YH AAYXX CITATION 7QJ K7.
DOI	10.1080/01973533.2020.1756817
DatabaseName	Taylor & Francis Open Access CrossRef Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA) ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList	Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA)
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: 0YH name: Taylor & Francis Open Access url: https://www.tandfonline.com sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Psychology Sociology & Social History Social Sciences (General)
EISSN	1532-4834
EndPage	294
ExternalDocumentID	10_1080_01973533_2020_1756817 1756817
Genre	Article
GroupedDBID	-DZ -~X .7I .QK 0BK 0R~ 0YH 23N 2DF 4.4 53G 5GY 5VS 8VB AAGDL AAGZJ AAHIA AAMFJ AAMIU AAPUL AATTQ AAZMC ABCCY ABDBF ABFIM ABIVO ABJNI ABLIJ ABPEM ABRYG ABTAI ABXUL ABXYU ABZLS ACGFS ACHQT ACNCT ACTIO ACTOA ACUHS ADAHI ADCVX ADKVQ ADZJE AECIN AEFOU AEISY AEKEX AEMOZ AEOZL AEPSL AEYOC AEZRU AFHDM AFRVT AGDLA AGMYJ AGRBW AHDZW AHQJS AIJEM AIYEW AJWEG AKBVH AKVCP ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALQZU AQTUD AVBZW AWYRJ BEJHT BLEHA BMOTO BOHLJ CCCUG CQ1 CS3 DGFLZ DKSSO DU5 EAP EBO EBR EBS EBU EMK EPL EPS ESI ESX EV9 E~B E~C F5P FEDTE G-F GTTXZ H13 HF~ HZ~ IPNFZ J.O K1G KYCEM LJTGL M4Z NA5 NW- O9- P2P PQQKQ QWB RIG RNANH ROSJB RSYQP S-F STATR TASJS TBQAZ TDBHL TEH TFH TFL TFW TH9 TN5 TNTFI TRJHH TUROJ TUS TWZ UPT UT5 UT9 VAE XSW ZCA ZL0 ~01 ~S~ AAYXX CITATION 7QJ K7.
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c385t-6af009b0b16621a63dbc9af40b1b36f86e16ed68b5b07f10198928e95db956913
IEDL.DBID	0YH
ISICitedReferencesCount	97
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000533745700001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0197-3533
IngestDate	Tue Nov 11 12:12:19 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 04:05:37 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:29:02 EST 2025 Mon Oct 20 23:48:03 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	4
Language	English
License	open-access: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/: This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c385t-6af009b0b16621a63dbc9af40b1b36f86e16ed68b5b07f10198928e95db956913
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
OpenAccessLink	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01973533.2020.1756817
PQID	2405926441
PQPubID	36966
PageCount	19
ParticipantIDs	crossref_citationtrail_10_1080_01973533_2020_1756817 informaworld_taylorfrancis_310_1080_01973533_2020_1756817 proquest_journals_2405926441 crossref_primary_10_1080_01973533_2020_1756817
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2020-07-03
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2020-07-03
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 07 year: 2020 text: 2020-07-03 day: 03
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	Mahwah
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Mahwah
PublicationTitle	Basic and applied social psychology
PublicationYear	2020
Publisher	Routledge Psychology Press
Publisher_xml	– name: Routledge – name: Psychology Press
References	CIT0072 CIT0071 CIT0074 CIT0073 CIT0076 CIT0075 CIT0078 CIT0077 CIT0070 CIT0085 CIT0084 CIT0087 CIT0086 CIT0001 CIT0089 CIT0088 CIT0080 CIT0003 CIT0002 CIT0005 CIT0004 CIT0007 CIT0006 Goss L. S. (CIT0041) 2015 CIT0008 CIT0094 CIT0093 CIT0096 CIT0095 CIT0010 Sinclair U. (CIT0082) 1994 Johnson V. E. (CIT0050) 2003 CIT0097 CIT0012 CIT0011 CIT0099 Remmers H. H. (CIT0068) 1927; 13 Seldin P. (CIT0079) 1998; 50 CIT0092 CIT0091 CIT0014 Colardarci T. (CIT0031) 2007; 44 CIT0013 CIT0016 CIT0015 CIT0018 CIT0017 CIT0021 CIT0020 Sismondo S. (CIT0081) 2008; 353 CIT0023 CIT0022 Boring A. (CIT0019) 2016 CIT0027 CIT0026 CIT0029 CIT0028 CIT0030 CIT0032 CIT0034 CIT0033 Uttl B. (CIT0090) 2020 CIT0036 CIT0035 CIT0038 CIT0037 CIT0039 CIT0040 CIT0043 CIT0042 Centra J. A. (CIT0024) 2009 CIT0045 Smith B. P. (CIT0083) 2007; 41 CIT0044 CIT0047 CIT0048 CIT0052 CIT0051 CIT0054 CIT0053 CIT0056 CIT0055 Guthrie E. R. (CIT0046) 1953; 53 CIT0058 CIT0057 CIT0059 CIT0061 CIT0060 CIT0063 CIT0062 CIT0065 Reysen S. (CIT0069) 2005; 23 CIT0064 CIT0067 CIT0100 CIT0066 Arum R. (CIT0009) 2011
References_xml	– ident: CIT0015 – ident: CIT0038 – ident: CIT0043 doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.89.4.743 – volume-title: Improving undergraduate learning: Findings and policy recommendations from the SSRC-CLA longitudinal project year: 2011 ident: CIT0009 – year: 2020 ident: CIT0090 publication-title: ScienceOpen Preprints – ident: CIT0030 doi: 10.2307/1981907 – volume: 50 start-page: 3 year: 1998 ident: CIT0079 publication-title: American Association of Higher Education Bulletin – volume-title: Differences in responses to the student instructional report: Is it bias? year: 2009 ident: CIT0024 – volume: 44 start-page: 1 issue: 12 year: 2007 ident: CIT0031 publication-title: Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation – ident: CIT0033 doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.109 – ident: CIT0073 doi: 10.1080/02602938.2016.1276155 – ident: CIT0096 – ident: CIT0026 doi: 10.1080/02602938.2018.1520193 – ident: CIT0045 doi: 10.1080/00986280709336641 – ident: CIT0039 doi: 10.1080/00986280902959739 – ident: CIT0001 doi: 10.3102/00346543058002151 – volume: 23 start-page: 2001 year: 2005 ident: CIT0069 publication-title: Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal – ident: CIT0086 doi: 10.1177/1745691616650284 – ident: CIT0034 doi: 10.1016/j.stueduc.2018.07.009 – ident: CIT0008 doi: 10.1007/s12115-011-9417-8 – ident: CIT0061 doi: 10.1017/S104909651800001X – ident: CIT0027 doi: 10.1177/0273475308324086 – ident: CIT0058 doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6237.2007.00487.x – ident: CIT0011 doi: 10.1162/REST_a_00093 – ident: CIT0066 doi: 10.1080/00091383.2011.568898 – ident: CIT0054 doi: 10.2307/2093493 – ident: CIT0006 doi: 10.1080/00220973.1975.11011526 – ident: CIT0067 doi: 10.1037/a0019865 – volume: 53 start-page: 220 issue: 2 year: 1953 ident: CIT0046 publication-title: The American Journal of Nursing – ident: CIT0075 doi: 10.1007/BF00976185 – ident: CIT0091 doi: 10.1016/j.stueduc.2016.08.007 – ident: CIT0071 – ident: CIT0089 doi: 10.7717/peerj.3299 – ident: CIT0029 doi: 10.3102/00346543051003281 – ident: CIT0052 doi: 10.1007/s00181-017-1313-7 – ident: CIT0047 doi: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2004.07.013 – volume-title: Grade inflation: A crisis in college education year: 2003 ident: CIT0050 – year: 2016 ident: CIT0019 publication-title: Science Open Research – ident: CIT0032 doi: 10.2307/1318991 – ident: CIT0003 – ident: CIT0076 – ident: CIT0002 doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.82.2.219 – volume: 353 start-page: 1060 year: 2008 ident: CIT0081 publication-title: Social Science and Medicine – ident: CIT0021 doi: 10.3200/CTCH.57.2.89-92 – volume-title: Teaching psychology: A step by step guide year: 2015 ident: CIT0041 – ident: CIT0093 – ident: CIT0028 doi: 10.5465/amle.2006.20388384 – ident: CIT0062 doi: 10.2307/1389669 – ident: CIT0085 doi: 10.1080/13562510903050137 – ident: CIT0014 doi: 10.1001/jama.289.4.454 – ident: CIT0064 doi: 10.1006/ceps.2000.1070 – ident: CIT0099 doi: 10.1080/00986280701700318 – ident: CIT0077 doi: 10.1257/jep.5.1.159 – ident: CIT0094 doi: 10.3200/JECE.40.3.227-261 – ident: CIT0051 doi: 10.1007/s12103-012-9186-y – ident: CIT0063 doi: 10.1080/08832323.2016.1140115 – ident: CIT0070 doi: 10.3200/GENP.133.1.19-35 – ident: CIT0084 doi: 10.1080/02602930802079463 – ident: CIT0017 doi: 10.1080/08832323.2017.1313189 – ident: CIT0010 doi: 10.1111/j.1465-7295.2009.00245.x – ident: CIT0100 doi: 10.1080/08832320309598619 – ident: CIT0056 doi: 10.1007/s10755-014-9313-4 – ident: CIT0097 doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.12.009 – ident: CIT0042 doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.52.11.1209 – ident: CIT0080 doi: 10.1177/0273475300223004 – ident: CIT0036 doi: 10.1080/02602930601122803 – ident: CIT0057 doi: 10.1007/BF00975102 – ident: CIT0016 – ident: CIT0053 doi: 10.1080/02602938.2010.507299 – ident: CIT0012 doi: 10.1080/03075079.2015.1019450 – ident: CIT0055 doi: 10.1007/s00134-018-5293-7 – ident: CIT0060 – ident: CIT0020 doi: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2014.04.002 – ident: CIT0005 doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.64.3.431 – ident: CIT0013 doi: 10.1257/jep.23.3.93 – ident: CIT0023 doi: 10.1086/653808 – ident: CIT0074 – ident: CIT0059 doi: 10.1093/jeea/jvx057 – ident: CIT0095 – ident: CIT0065 doi: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2010.06.011 – ident: CIT0088 doi: 10.7717/peerj.7225 – ident: CIT0087 doi: 10.3200/JOEB.84.1.55-61 – ident: CIT0044 doi: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2003.11.001 – volume: 13 start-page: 519 year: 1927 ident: CIT0068 publication-title: Educational Administration and Supervision – ident: CIT0040 doi: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.12.006 – ident: CIT0037 doi: 10.1080/01973533.2019.1652178 – ident: CIT0004 – volume: 41 start-page: 788 year: 2007 ident: CIT0083 publication-title: College Student Journal – volume-title: I, candidate for governor: And how I got licked year: 1994 ident: CIT0082 doi: 10.1525/9780520913523 – ident: CIT0018 doi: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.11.006 – ident: CIT0035 doi: 10.1007/BF00992392 – ident: CIT0048 doi: 10.1111/medu.13627 – ident: CIT0078 doi: 10.2307/2549561 – ident: CIT0092 doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.083782 – ident: CIT0007 doi: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2019.05.007 – ident: CIT0072 – ident: CIT0022 doi: 10.1257/jep.28.3.189
SSID	ssj0007368
Score	2.5801284
Snippet	Student Evaluations of Teaching (SETs) do not measure teaching effectiveness, and their widespread use by university administrators in decisions about faculty...
SourceID	proquest crossref informaworld
SourceType	Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher
StartPage	276
SubjectTerms	Administrators College faculty Educational evaluation Hiring Inflation Merit increases Students Teacher evaluations Teachers Teaching
Title	Student Evaluations of Teaching Encourages Poor Teaching and Contributes to Grade Inflation: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis
URI	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01973533.2020.1756817 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2405926441
Volume	42
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000533745700001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAWR databaseName: Taylor & Francis Journals Complete customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-4834 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0007368 issn: 0197-3533 databaseCode: TFW dateStart: 19800301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.tandfonline.com providerName: Taylor & Francis
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3Na9VAEB_6dehF7dPiq1X2IKKHaLKb_fJW5D1bkFLwie0pZJNdKNSkvEShR_9zZzeb1CLSg0IIySazSZjd386Emd8AvHTS0DSvZIK-gUlyJnmCy0iaWGaYo7R23Aae2U_y9FSdn-uzGE3YxbBK70O7gSgiYLWf3KXpxoi4d2iVSIZmCnp3FJuk59CSm7BN0TXxUV3pxfEExpKFbDgvkniZMYnnb93cWZ7ukJf-AdZhBVo-_A_v_ggeRPOTHA3jZQ82bDOD3QkFb2YwHxJ2SZz0HXkdmanfzOBgSm8hr0i8b-AZuXkMPz8PNJlkMRGId6R1ZBXjNcmiqfDxiF8dOWvb9e0F_BjiWbJC7S282rfk47qsLTlp3BCq954ckdVtymWQWHy7vgz8JmQkVnkCX5aL1YfjJBZ4SCqmeJ-I0qGJZ1KTCUGzUrDaVLp0OTYYJpwSNhO2Fspwk0qH4KGVpspqXht063TG9mGraRv7FAhn2AEtBedK5M7z5OORVrSUDjeu5pCPei2qyH7ui3BcFdlIkho1U3jNFFEzc3g7iV0P9B_3CejfB03Rh_8ubiiSUrB7ZA_HEVZEJOkKtLi4DlbrwT90_Qx2_WmIM2aHsNWvv9vnsFP96C-79YswZXC_Wn79BeweENQ
linkProvider	Taylor & Francis
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3Ni9UwEB90FdyLH0_Ft66ag4geqq9N8-VtkffcxedDsOLeQtMmsKDt8lqFPfqfO0nT7i4ie1DooWQ6acsk8xFmfgPw3AmTLfJKJBgbmCSngiVoRhaJpYa6LKsdswFndi02G3l8rC7Wwvi0Sh9DuwEoIuhqv7n9YfSYEvcG3RJB0U_B8C7DIeFBtMR1uMHQ1vq0vmL1ddLGgoZyOM-SeJ6xiudv01yyT5fQS__Q1sEEre78j4-_C7ejA0oOhhVzD67ZZga7kx48m8F8KNklcdt35GXEpn41g72pwIW8IPG5AWnk7D78-jwAZZLlBCHekdaRImZskmVT4etRg3XkU9tuzwn4N8TjZIXuW0jtW_J-W9aWHDVuSNZ7Sw5IcV50GTiW309PAsIJGaFVHsCX1bJ4d5jEFg9JRSXrE146dPLMwqScZ2nJaW0qVbocBwzlTnKbcltzaZhZCIfqQ0mVSatYbTCwUyl9CDtN29hHQBjFCbKSMyZ57jxSPt4pmZXC4cXkHPJRsLqK-Oe-Dcc3nY4wqVEy2ktGR8nM4fXEdjoAgFzFoC6uGt2Hkxc3tEnR9Are_XGJ6ahLOo0-F1PBb937h6mfwa3D4uNar482Hx7DrieFrGO6Dzv99od9Ajern_1Jt30a9s9vO28T7A
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrZ3di9QwEMAHPUXuxY9Vcc9T8yCiD_W2TfPl26G7engsC654b6FpEzjQdtn2Du7R_9xJmvY8RO5BoQ-l6aQtM5lMyswvAC-dMNksL0WCawOT5FSwBKeRWWKpoS7LKsds4Mwei-VSnpyoVcwmbGNapV9Dux4UEXy1H9ybyg0ZcQcYlQiKYQqu7jK8JDxDS9yEWwGOhSa9XnwbnbGgoRrOiyReZiji-Vs3V6anK_DSP5x1mIEW9_7Du9-HuzH8JIe9vTyAG7aewO7oBS8mMO0Ldkkc9C15HcnUbyawN5a3kFck3tdzRi4ews8vPSaTzEeAeEsaR9YxX5PM6xIfj_6rJaum2V424McQT8kKe29ha9eQj9uisuSodn2q3jtySNaXJZdBYv5jcxr4JmQAqzyCr4v5-v2nJG7wkJRUsi7hhcMQz8xMynmWFpxWplSFy_GCodxJblNuKy4NMzPh0HkoqTJpFasMLutUSh_DTt3U9gkQRrGDrOCMSZ47z8nHMyWzQjg8mJxCPuhVl5F-7jfh-K7TAZIaNaO9ZnTUzBTejmKbHv9xnYD63Wh0F_67uH6TFE2vkd0fLExHT9JqjLiYClHr3j90_QLurD4s9PHR8vNT2PUtIeWY7sNOtz2zz-B2ed6dttvnYfT8ArFREpA
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Student+Evaluations+of+Teaching+Encourages+Poor+Teaching+and+Contributes+to+Grade+Inflation%3A+A+Theoretical+and+Empirical+Analysis&rft.jtitle=Basic+and+applied+social+psychology&rft.au=Stroebe%2C+Wolfgang&rft.date=2020-07-03&rft.issn=0197-3533&rft.eissn=1532-4834&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=276&rft.epage=294&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01973533.2020.1756817&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1080_01973533_2020_1756817
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0197-3533&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0197-3533&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0197-3533&client=summon