Histologic and Genomic Analysis of Conjunctival SCC in African and American Cohorts Reveal UV Light and HPV Signatures and High Tumor Mutation Burden
Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (conjSCC) is more prevalent and aggressive in sub-Saharan African countries compared with the rest of the world. This study aims to compare the genomic, immunophenotypic, and histologic features between patients from the United States and Ethiopia, to identify et...
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| Vydáno v: | Investigative ophthalmology & visual science Ročník 65; číslo 4; s. 24 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
01.04.2024
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| ISSN: | 1552-5783, 0146-0404, 1552-5783 |
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| Abstract | Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (conjSCC) is more prevalent and aggressive in sub-Saharan African countries compared with the rest of the world. This study aims to compare the genomic, immunophenotypic, and histologic features between patients from the United States and Ethiopia, to identify etiopathogenic mechanisms and unveil potential treatment strategies.
We compared histologic features and mutational profiles using whole exome sequencing, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) status, PD-L1 expression, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in conjSCC tumors of patients from Ethiopia (ETH; n = 25) and the United States (from MD Anderson [the MDA cohort]; n = 29). Genomic alterations were compared with SCCs from other anatomic sites using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas.
Solar elastosis was seen in 78% of ETH and 10% of MDA samples. Thicker tumors had higher density of CD8+ and CD3+ cells. HPV status was similar between the cohorts (ETH = 21% and MDA = 28%). The mean tumor mutation burden (TMB) was significantly higher in conjSCC (3.01/Mb, log10) and cutaneous SCC compared other SCC subtypes. ETH samples had higher TMB compared to the MDA cohort (3.34 vs. 2.73). Mutations in genes associated with ultraviolet light (UV) signature were most frequently encountered (SBS7b = 74% and SBS7a = 72%), with higher prevalence in the ETH cohort, whereas SBS2 and SBS13 signatures were more common among MDA HPV+ conjSCCs.
Our findings suggest that UV exposure may play a major role in conjSCC, with a higher prevalence in the ETH cohort compared with the MDA cohort, where HPV also contributes. |
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| AbstractList | Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (conjSCC) is more prevalent and aggressive in sub-Saharan African countries compared with the rest of the world. This study aims to compare the genomic, immunophenotypic, and histologic features between patients from the United States and Ethiopia, to identify etiopathogenic mechanisms and unveil potential treatment strategies.
We compared histologic features and mutational profiles using whole exome sequencing, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) status, PD-L1 expression, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in conjSCC tumors of patients from Ethiopia (ETH; n = 25) and the United States (from MD Anderson [the MDA cohort]; n = 29). Genomic alterations were compared with SCCs from other anatomic sites using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas.
Solar elastosis was seen in 78% of ETH and 10% of MDA samples. Thicker tumors had higher density of CD8+ and CD3+ cells. HPV status was similar between the cohorts (ETH = 21% and MDA = 28%). The mean tumor mutation burden (TMB) was significantly higher in conjSCC (3.01/Mb, log10) and cutaneous SCC compared other SCC subtypes. ETH samples had higher TMB compared to the MDA cohort (3.34 vs. 2.73). Mutations in genes associated with ultraviolet light (UV) signature were most frequently encountered (SBS7b = 74% and SBS7a = 72%), with higher prevalence in the ETH cohort, whereas SBS2 and SBS13 signatures were more common among MDA HPV+ conjSCCs.
Our findings suggest that UV exposure may play a major role in conjSCC, with a higher prevalence in the ETH cohort compared with the MDA cohort, where HPV also contributes. Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (conjSCC) is more prevalent and aggressive in sub-Saharan African countries compared with the rest of the world. This study aims to compare the genomic, immunophenotypic, and histologic features between patients from the United States and Ethiopia, to identify etiopathogenic mechanisms and unveil potential treatment strategies.PurposeConjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (conjSCC) is more prevalent and aggressive in sub-Saharan African countries compared with the rest of the world. This study aims to compare the genomic, immunophenotypic, and histologic features between patients from the United States and Ethiopia, to identify etiopathogenic mechanisms and unveil potential treatment strategies.We compared histologic features and mutational profiles using whole exome sequencing, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) status, PD-L1 expression, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in conjSCC tumors of patients from Ethiopia (ETH; n = 25) and the United States (from MD Anderson [the MDA cohort]; n = 29). Genomic alterations were compared with SCCs from other anatomic sites using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas.MethodsWe compared histologic features and mutational profiles using whole exome sequencing, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) status, PD-L1 expression, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in conjSCC tumors of patients from Ethiopia (ETH; n = 25) and the United States (from MD Anderson [the MDA cohort]; n = 29). Genomic alterations were compared with SCCs from other anatomic sites using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas.Solar elastosis was seen in 78% of ETH and 10% of MDA samples. Thicker tumors had higher density of CD8+ and CD3+ cells. HPV status was similar between the cohorts (ETH = 21% and MDA = 28%). The mean tumor mutation burden (TMB) was significantly higher in conjSCC (3.01/Mb, log10) and cutaneous SCC compared other SCC subtypes. ETH samples had higher TMB compared to the MDA cohort (3.34 vs. 2.73). Mutations in genes associated with ultraviolet light (UV) signature were most frequently encountered (SBS7b = 74% and SBS7a = 72%), with higher prevalence in the ETH cohort, whereas SBS2 and SBS13 signatures were more common among MDA HPV+ conjSCCs.ResultsSolar elastosis was seen in 78% of ETH and 10% of MDA samples. Thicker tumors had higher density of CD8+ and CD3+ cells. HPV status was similar between the cohorts (ETH = 21% and MDA = 28%). The mean tumor mutation burden (TMB) was significantly higher in conjSCC (3.01/Mb, log10) and cutaneous SCC compared other SCC subtypes. ETH samples had higher TMB compared to the MDA cohort (3.34 vs. 2.73). Mutations in genes associated with ultraviolet light (UV) signature were most frequently encountered (SBS7b = 74% and SBS7a = 72%), with higher prevalence in the ETH cohort, whereas SBS2 and SBS13 signatures were more common among MDA HPV+ conjSCCs.Our findings suggest that UV exposure may play a major role in conjSCC, with a higher prevalence in the ETH cohort compared with the MDA cohort, where HPV also contributes.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that UV exposure may play a major role in conjSCC, with a higher prevalence in the ETH cohort compared with the MDA cohort, where HPV also contributes. |
| Author | Ning, Jing Yeshi, Melisachew M. Sagiv, Oded Pickering, Curtis R. Tetzlaff, Michael T. Mitku, Yonas Gross, Neil Gleber-Netto, Frederico O. Esmaeli, Bita Nagarajan, Priyadharsini |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Frederico O. surname: Gleber-Netto fullname: Gleber-Netto, Frederico O. organization: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Priyadharsini surname: Nagarajan fullname: Nagarajan, Priyadharsini organization: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Oded surname: Sagiv fullname: Sagiv, Oded organization: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States, The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel – sequence: 4 givenname: Curtis R. surname: Pickering fullname: Pickering, Curtis R. organization: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Neil surname: Gross fullname: Gross, Neil organization: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Jing surname: Ning fullname: Ning, Jing organization: Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Melisachew M. surname: Yeshi fullname: Yeshi, Melisachew M. organization: Department of Pathology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia – sequence: 8 givenname: Yonas surname: Mitku fullname: Mitku, Yonas organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia – sequence: 9 givenname: Michael T. surname: Tetzlaff fullname: Tetzlaff, Michael T. organization: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States – sequence: 10 givenname: Bita surname: Esmaeli fullname: Esmaeli, Bita organization: Orbital Oncology and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38597722$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Present affiliation: ‡Department of Pathology, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States. FOGN, PN and OS contributed equally to this work. Present affiliation: †Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States. |
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| SubjectTerms | Anatomy and Pathology/Oncology Black People Conjunctiva Genomics Humans Papillomavirus Infections - genetics Ultraviolet Rays |
| Title | Histologic and Genomic Analysis of Conjunctival SCC in African and American Cohorts Reveal UV Light and HPV Signatures and High Tumor Mutation Burden |
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