Preamble-Based Signal-to-Noise Ratio Estimation for Adaptive Modulation in Space–Time Block Coding-Assisted Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing System

This paper presents algorithms to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the time domain and frequency domain that employ a modified Constant Amplitude Zero Autocorrelation (CAZAC) synchronization preamble, denoted as CAZAC-TD and CAZAC-FD SNR estimators, respectively. These SNR estimators are...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Algorithms Vol. 18; no. 2; p. 97
Main Authors: Manzoor, Shahid, Othman, Noor Shamsiah, Muhieldeen, Mohammed W.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.02.2025
Subjects:
Accuracy
Adaptation
adaptive modulation
Algorithms
Antennas
Bit error rate
Block codes
channel capacity
Codes
Communication
Comparative analysis
constant amplitude zero autocorrelation preamble
Cramer-Rao bounds
Efficiency
Estimators
Fourier transforms
Frequency domain analysis
MIMO communication
MIMO communications
Modulation
multiple-input multiple-output OFDM
Neural networks
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Phase shift keying
preamble-based SNR estimator
Signal to noise ratio
SISO (control systems)
Spectrum allocation
Synchronism
ISSN:1999-4893, 1999-4893
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:This paper presents algorithms to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the time domain and frequency domain that employ a modified Constant Amplitude Zero Autocorrelation (CAZAC) synchronization preamble, denoted as CAZAC-TD and CAZAC-FD SNR estimators, respectively. These SNR estimators are invoked in a space–time block coding (STBC)-assisted multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. These SNR estimators are compared to the benchmark frequency domain preamble-based SNR estimator referred to as the Milan-FD SNR estimator when used in a non-adaptive 2×2 STBC-assisted MIMO-OFDM system. The performance of the CAZAC-TD and CAZAC-FD SNR estimators is further investigated in the non-adaptive 4×4 STBC-assisted MIMO-OFDM system, which shows improved bit error rate (BER) and normalized mean square error (NMSE) performance. It is evident that the non-adaptive 2×2 and 4×4 STBC-assisted MIMO-OFDM systems that invoke the CAZAC-TD SNR estimator exhibit superior performance and approach closer to the normalized Cramer–Rao bound (NCRB). Subsequently, the CAZAC-TD SNR estimator is invoked in an adaptive modulation scheme for a 2×2 STBC-assisted MIMO-OFDM system employing M-PSK, denoted as the AM-CAZAC-TD-MIMO system. The AM-CAZAC-TD-MIMO system outperformed the non-adaptive STBC-assisted MIMO-OFDM system using 8-PSK by about 2 dB at BER = 10−4. Moreover, the AM-CAZAC-TD-MIMO system demonstrated an SNR gain of about 4 dB when compared with an adaptive single-input single-output (SISO)-OFDM system with M-PSK. Therefore, it was shown that the spatial diversity of the MIMO-OFDM system is key for the AM-CAZAC-TD-MIMO system’s improved performance.
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ISSN:1999-4893
1999-4893
DOI:10.3390/a18020097