Investigating the role of mosquito repellents in atopic dermatitis

Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized. MRCCs have been frequently identified in environmental settings nowadays. However, the implications of these compounds on skin conditions, part...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Food and chemical toxicology Jg. 202; S. 115571
Hauptverfasser:	Wang, Xiaoxue, Zhu, Zexin
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	England Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2025
Schlagworte:	Animals Atopic dermatitis Culicidae deet DEET - chemistry DEET - pharmacology Dermatitis, Atopic - chemically induced gene ontology genome Humans Inflammation insect repellents Insect Repellents - adverse effects Insect Repellents - chemistry Insect Repellents - pharmacology Molecular docking Molecular Docking Simulation Mosquito repellents Network toxicology Piperidines - chemistry Piperidines - pharmacology Propionates - chemistry Propionates - pharmacology risk toxicology Network toxicology Inflammation Atopic dermatitis Mosquito repellents Molecular docking
ISSN:	0278-6915, 1873-6351, 1873-6351
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Abstract	Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized. MRCCs have been frequently identified in environmental settings nowadays. However, the implications of these compounds on skin conditions, particularly Atopic Dermatitis (AD), are not well understood. In this investigation, we analyzed three commercially available MRCCs: DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), IR3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate), and picaridin (2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1-methyl ester). A comprehensive analysis was conducted utilizing various databases to identify potential targets associated with exposure to these MRCCs and their correlation with AD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that exposure to these MRCCs influences inflammation-related pathways. Additionally, molecular docking studies indicated significant binding affinities of DEET, IR3535, and picaridin to critical core targets and receptor proteins. Furthermore, a series of cellular assays were conducted to empirically evaluate the actual effects of these three MRCCs on the induction of AD. The results suggest that MRCCs may facilitate the progression of AD by influencing inflammatory processes. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the association between MRCCs and the risk of AD, thereby contributing to the formulation of strategies aimed at mitigating their effects on dermatological disorders. •Mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been widely employed to prevent mosquito bites.•Currently, MRCCs are frequently identified in various environmental contexts.•MRCCs can trigger skin inflammation through multiple signaling pathways and are associated with the induction of atopic dermatitis (AD).
AbstractList	Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized. MRCCs have been frequently identified in environmental settings nowadays. However, the implications of these compounds on skin conditions, particularly Atopic Dermatitis (AD), are not well understood. In this investigation, we analyzed three commercially available MRCCs: DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), IR3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate), and picaridin (2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1-methyl ester). A comprehensive analysis was conducted utilizing various databases to identify potential targets associated with exposure to these MRCCs and their correlation with AD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that exposure to these MRCCs influences inflammation-related pathways. Additionally, molecular docking studies indicated significant binding affinities of DEET, IR3535, and picaridin to critical core targets and receptor proteins. Furthermore, a series of cellular assays were conducted to empirically evaluate the actual effects of these three MRCCs on the induction of AD. The results suggest that MRCCs may facilitate the progression of AD by influencing inflammatory processes. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the association between MRCCs and the risk of AD, thereby contributing to the formulation of strategies aimed at mitigating their effects on dermatological disorders. •Mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been widely employed to prevent mosquito bites.•Currently, MRCCs are frequently identified in various environmental contexts.•MRCCs can trigger skin inflammation through multiple signaling pathways and are associated with the induction of atopic dermatitis (AD). Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized. MRCCs have been frequently identified in environmental settings nowadays. However, the implications of these compounds on skin conditions, particularly Atopic Dermatitis (AD), are not well understood. In this investigation, we analyzed three commercially available MRCCs: DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), IR3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate), and picaridin (2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1-methyl ester). A comprehensive analysis was conducted utilizing various databases to identify potential targets associated with exposure to these MRCCs and their correlation with AD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that exposure to these MRCCs influences inflammation-related pathways. Additionally, molecular docking studies indicated significant binding affinities of DEET, IR3535, and picaridin to critical core targets and receptor proteins. Furthermore, a series of cellular assays were conducted to empirically evaluate the actual effects of these three MRCCs on the induction of AD. The results suggest that MRCCs may facilitate the progression of AD by influencing inflammatory processes. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the association between MRCCs and the risk of AD, thereby contributing to the formulation of strategies aimed at mitigating their effects on dermatological disorders. Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized. MRCCs have been frequently identified in environmental settings nowadays. However, the implications of these compounds on skin conditions, particularly Atopic Dermatitis (AD), are not well understood. In this investigation, we analyzed three commercially available MRCCs: DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide), IR3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate), and picaridin (2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1-methyl ester). A comprehensive analysis was conducted utilizing various databases to identify potential targets associated with exposure to these MRCCs and their correlation with AD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that exposure to these MRCCs influences inflammation-related pathways. Additionally, molecular docking studies indicated significant binding affinities of DEET, IR3535, and picaridin to critical core targets and receptor proteins. Furthermore, a series of cellular assays were conducted to empirically evaluate the actual effects of these three MRCCs on the induction of AD. The results suggest that MRCCs may facilitate the progression of AD by influencing inflammatory processes. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the association between MRCCs and the risk of AD, thereby contributing to the formulation of strategies aimed at mitigating their effects on dermatological disorders.Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized. MRCCs have been frequently identified in environmental settings nowadays. However, the implications of these compounds on skin conditions, particularly Atopic Dermatitis (AD), are not well understood. In this investigation, we analyzed three commercially available MRCCs: DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide), IR3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate), and picaridin (2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1-methyl ester). A comprehensive analysis was conducted utilizing various databases to identify potential targets associated with exposure to these MRCCs and their correlation with AD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that exposure to these MRCCs influences inflammation-related pathways. Additionally, molecular docking studies indicated significant binding affinities of DEET, IR3535, and picaridin to critical core targets and receptor proteins. Furthermore, a series of cellular assays were conducted to empirically evaluate the actual effects of these three MRCCs on the induction of AD. The results suggest that MRCCs may facilitate the progression of AD by influencing inflammatory processes. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the association between MRCCs and the risk of AD, thereby contributing to the formulation of strategies aimed at mitigating their effects on dermatological disorders.
ArticleNumber	115571
Author	Zhu, Zexin Wang, Xiaoxue
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Xiaoxue surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Xiaoxue organization: Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Zexin orcidid: 0009-0005-5938-1690 surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Zexin email: zhuzexinmd@163.com organization: Department of Surgical Oncology, The Comprehensive Breast Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Keywords	Network toxicology Inflammation Atopic dermatitis Mosquito repellents Molecular docking
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Snippet	Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized....
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SubjectTerms	Animals Atopic dermatitis Culicidae deet DEET - chemistry DEET - pharmacology Dermatitis, Atopic - chemically induced gene ontology genome Humans Inflammation insect repellents Insect Repellents - adverse effects Insect Repellents - chemistry Insect Repellents - pharmacology Molecular docking Molecular Docking Simulation Mosquito repellents Network toxicology Piperidines - chemistry Piperidines - pharmacology Propionates - chemistry Propionates - pharmacology risk toxicology
Title	Investigating the role of mosquito repellents in atopic dermatitis
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