Cell types involved in allergic asthma and their use in in vitro models to assess respiratory sensitization

This review first describes the mechanism and cell types involved in allergic asthma, which is a complex clinical disease characterized by airway obstruction, airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli. The development of allergic asthma exists of three phases, namely...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Toxicology in vitro Vol. 22; no. 6; pp. 1419 - 1431
Main Authors:	Verstraelen, S., Bloemen, K., Nelissen, I., Witters, H., Schoeters, G., Heuvel, R. Van Den
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2008
Subjects:	Allergens - immunology Allergens - metabolism Allergic asthma Animals Asthma - immunology Asthma - metabolism Humans In vitro models Models, Biological Occupational asthma Occupational Diseases - immunology Occupational Diseases - metabolism Occupational Exposure - adverse effects Respiratory sensitization Respiratory System - cytology Respiratory System - immunology CD40L CXCL RANTES MHC AHR SLC BECs MDC TNF HETE LLNA Th GM-CSF CD34-DC Mo-DC IL EU VCAM TGF MIP EAR Respiratory sensitization CXCR Ig NO In vitro models SAR SAEC HDI ATCC IFN OA DCs RADS NHBE ASM DSMZ PGs Occupational asthma APCs Allergic asthma Ad12SV40 ICAM PMA LTs BAL CCL REACH 3D CCR HMW LC LMW SCF TARC FcεR MCP LAR
ISSN:	0887-2333
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	This review first describes the mechanism and cell types involved in allergic asthma, which is a complex clinical disease characterized by airway obstruction, airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli. The development of allergic asthma exists of three phases, namely the induction phase, the early-phase asthmatic reaction (EAR) and the late-phase asthmatic reaction (LAR). In the induction phase, antigen-presenting cells play a major role. Most important cells in the EAR are mast cells, and during the LAR, various cell types, such as eosinophils, neutrophils, T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and cells that endow structure are involved. In occupational asthma, this immunological mechanism is involved in 90% of the cases. The second part of this review gives an overview of in vitro models to assess the hazardous potential of high- and low-molecular weight chemicals on the respiratory system. In order to develop a good in vitro model for respiratory allergy, the choice of appropriate cell types is important. Epithelial cells, macrophages and DCs are currently the most used models in this field of research.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-3
ISSN:	0887-2333
DOI:	10.1016/j.tiv.2008.05.008