Exploring injury severity in head-on crashes using latent class clustering analysis and mixed logit model: A case study of North Carolina

•This paper examines injury severity of head-on crashes in North Carolina.•Latent class clustering analysis is conducted to reduce heterogeneity in the crash dataset.•Mixed logit models are developed to further capture unobserved heterogeneity within clusters.•Some variables are found to have random...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:Accident analysis and prevention Ročník 135; s. 105388
Hlavní autoři: Liu, Pengfei, Fan, Wei
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2020
Témata:
ISSN:0001-4575, 1879-2057, 1879-2057
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract •This paper examines injury severity of head-on crashes in North Carolina.•Latent class clustering analysis is conducted to reduce heterogeneity in the crash dataset.•Mixed logit models are developed to further capture unobserved heterogeneity within clusters.•Some variables are found to have random effects across observations in specific clusters.•Relevant countermeasures are developed and future research directions are discussed. Although only 2 % of crashes are head-on crashes in the United States, they account for over 10 % of all crash-related fatalities. This study aims to investigate the contributing factors that affect the injury severity of head-on crashes and develop appropriate countermeasures. Due to the unobserved heterogeneity inherent in the crash data, a latent class clustering analysis is firstly conducted to segment the head-on crashes into relatively homogeneous clusters. Then, mixed logit models are developed to further explore the unobserved heterogeneity within each cluster. Analyses are performed based on the data collected from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) from 2005 to 2013 in North Carolina. The estimated parameters and associated marginal effects are combined to interpret significant variables of the developed models. The proposed method is able to uncover the heterogeneity within the whole dataset and the homogeneous clusters. Results of this research can provide more reliable and insightful information to engineers and policy makers regarding the contributing factors to head-on crashes.
AbstractList •This paper examines injury severity of head-on crashes in North Carolina.•Latent class clustering analysis is conducted to reduce heterogeneity in the crash dataset.•Mixed logit models are developed to further capture unobserved heterogeneity within clusters.•Some variables are found to have random effects across observations in specific clusters.•Relevant countermeasures are developed and future research directions are discussed. Although only 2 % of crashes are head-on crashes in the United States, they account for over 10 % of all crash-related fatalities. This study aims to investigate the contributing factors that affect the injury severity of head-on crashes and develop appropriate countermeasures. Due to the unobserved heterogeneity inherent in the crash data, a latent class clustering analysis is firstly conducted to segment the head-on crashes into relatively homogeneous clusters. Then, mixed logit models are developed to further explore the unobserved heterogeneity within each cluster. Analyses are performed based on the data collected from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) from 2005 to 2013 in North Carolina. The estimated parameters and associated marginal effects are combined to interpret significant variables of the developed models. The proposed method is able to uncover the heterogeneity within the whole dataset and the homogeneous clusters. Results of this research can provide more reliable and insightful information to engineers and policy makers regarding the contributing factors to head-on crashes.
Although only 2 % of crashes are head-on crashes in the United States, they account for over 10 % of all crash-related fatalities. This study aims to investigate the contributing factors that affect the injury severity of head-on crashes and develop appropriate countermeasures. Due to the unobserved heterogeneity inherent in the crash data, a latent class clustering analysis is firstly conducted to segment the head-on crashes into relatively homogeneous clusters. Then, mixed logit models are developed to further explore the unobserved heterogeneity within each cluster. Analyses are performed based on the data collected from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) from 2005 to 2013 in North Carolina. The estimated parameters and associated marginal effects are combined to interpret significant variables of the developed models. The proposed method is able to uncover the heterogeneity within the whole dataset and the homogeneous clusters. Results of this research can provide more reliable and insightful information to engineers and policy makers regarding the contributing factors to head-on crashes.Although only 2 % of crashes are head-on crashes in the United States, they account for over 10 % of all crash-related fatalities. This study aims to investigate the contributing factors that affect the injury severity of head-on crashes and develop appropriate countermeasures. Due to the unobserved heterogeneity inherent in the crash data, a latent class clustering analysis is firstly conducted to segment the head-on crashes into relatively homogeneous clusters. Then, mixed logit models are developed to further explore the unobserved heterogeneity within each cluster. Analyses are performed based on the data collected from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) from 2005 to 2013 in North Carolina. The estimated parameters and associated marginal effects are combined to interpret significant variables of the developed models. The proposed method is able to uncover the heterogeneity within the whole dataset and the homogeneous clusters. Results of this research can provide more reliable and insightful information to engineers and policy makers regarding the contributing factors to head-on crashes.
Although only 2 % of crashes are head-on crashes in the United States, they account for over 10 % of all crash-related fatalities. This study aims to investigate the contributing factors that affect the injury severity of head-on crashes and develop appropriate countermeasures. Due to the unobserved heterogeneity inherent in the crash data, a latent class clustering analysis is firstly conducted to segment the head-on crashes into relatively homogeneous clusters. Then, mixed logit models are developed to further explore the unobserved heterogeneity within each cluster. Analyses are performed based on the data collected from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) from 2005 to 2013 in North Carolina. The estimated parameters and associated marginal effects are combined to interpret significant variables of the developed models. The proposed method is able to uncover the heterogeneity within the whole dataset and the homogeneous clusters. Results of this research can provide more reliable and insightful information to engineers and policy makers regarding the contributing factors to head-on crashes.
ArticleNumber 105388
Author Liu, Pengfei
Fan, Wei
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Pengfei
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Pengfei
  email: pliu11@uncc.edu
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Wei
  surname: Fan
  fullname: Fan, Wei
  email: wfan7@uncc.edu
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31812900$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9kT9vFDEQxS0URC6BD0CDXNLsYXv_2AdVdAokUgQN1Nbsejbnk9c-bG-U_Qh8a3xc0lCkmZknvd8r5l2QMx88EvKeszVnvPu0XwMc1oLxTdFtrdQrsuJKbirBWnlGVowxXjWtbM_JRUr7IqWS7RtyXnPFxYaxFflz_XhwIVp_T63fz3GhCR8w2rwUTXcIpgqeDhHSDhOd09HoIKPPdHCQUplzyvgvADy4JdlUDkMn-4iGunBvM52CQfeZXtEBEtKUZ7PQMNLvIeYd3UIMznp4S16P4BK-e9qX5NfX65_bm-rux7fb7dVdNdSK56qFfmRNz0c2QtfIupW8r-seNmYzdtBIAw1yoXpggrcSlWBdL4wSsq5Vb4ypL8nHU-4hht8zpqwnmwZ0DjyGOWlRC6FY13VNsX54ss79hEYfop0gLvr5fcUgT4YhhpQijnqwGbINPkewTnOmj0XpvS5F6WNR-lRUIfl_5HP4S8yXE4PlPQ8Wo06DRT-gsRGHrE2wL9B_ASnTrFs
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1177_03611981231192995
crossref_primary_10_1080_17457300_2025_2504975
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2020_105953
crossref_primary_10_1177_03611981211031232
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tra_2022_09_022
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2020_105590
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2023_107056
crossref_primary_10_1080_19427867_2021_2007452
crossref_primary_10_1080_19439962_2021_1958037
crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_023_01322_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tbs_2024_100966
crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_6716275
crossref_primary_10_1080_19439962_2023_2185845
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2024_107827
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amar_2022_100240
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amar_2020_100120
crossref_primary_10_1177_03611981211057052
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trd_2021_102950
crossref_primary_10_1080_15389588_2022_2072491
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2022_106951
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3443524
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph17207466
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11069_020_03913_0
crossref_primary_10_1177_03611981221091562
crossref_primary_10_1080_19439962_2023_2189339
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_retrec_2025_101631
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2024_107753
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2024_107874
crossref_primary_10_3390_app14051768
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsr_2020_11_012
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engappai_2024_108542
crossref_primary_10_1177_03611981251324205
crossref_primary_10_1080_19427867_2024_2368348
crossref_primary_10_1109_TITS_2023_3314402
crossref_primary_10_3390_e22111191
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_oceaneng_2024_117347
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph17155623
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11709_022_0827_z
crossref_primary_10_1080_17457300_2023_2300459
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2023_107235
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ssci_2022_105682
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eswa_2022_118129
crossref_primary_10_3390_bs12020023
crossref_primary_10_3390_su13137438
crossref_primary_10_1080_15389588_2021_2024523
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_oceaneng_2021_109920
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2024_107603
crossref_primary_10_1080_19439962_2021_1971814
crossref_primary_10_1080_19427867_2024_2366731
crossref_primary_10_4271_09_13_01_0002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsr_2021_05_010
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amar_2021_100188
crossref_primary_10_1080_19439962_2020_1812784
crossref_primary_10_14254_jsdtl_2023_8_1_6
crossref_primary_10_1080_17457300_2023_2180804
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph18041430
crossref_primary_10_3390_su151713191
crossref_primary_10_1177_03611981221150927
crossref_primary_10_1080_19427867_2024_2416304
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trf_2023_07_014
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trf_2024_03_013
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_025_04097_9
crossref_primary_10_1177_03611981231158627
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsr_2021_06_013
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trf_2024_04_017
crossref_primary_10_3390_su151712904
crossref_primary_10_3390_su15010185
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egyr_2022_07_121
crossref_primary_10_1080_15389588_2023_2286429
crossref_primary_10_1109_TII_2022_3211947
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2020_105638
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amar_2023_100291
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amar_2023_100292
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amar_2021_100179
crossref_primary_10_1080_19439962_2023_2230544
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amar_2025_100373
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsr_2021_09_005
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.aap.2008.01.007
10.1016/j.aap.2012.10.016
10.1067/mem.2003.186
10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.022
10.1016/j.aap.2014.06.014
10.1016/S0022-4375(98)00051-6
10.1016/j.aap.2007.06.006
10.3141/2083-14
10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.028
10.3141/1746-08
10.1177/0361198105190800119
10.1016/j.aap.2013.10.001
10.1016/j.ijresmar.2004.06.002
10.1016/j.aap.2012.08.011
10.1016/j.aap.2019.07.012
10.1080/15389588.2011.653841
10.1016/0001-4575(87)90031-5
10.1016/j.aap.2010.09.015
10.1177/0361198106195300116
10.1016/j.aap.2015.09.020
10.1016/S0001-4575(02)00135-5
10.1016/j.jsr.2003.05.009
10.1016/S0001-4575(02)00021-0
10.1016/j.gaceta.2015.03.007
10.1016/j.ssci.2012.11.001
10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.07.020
10.1016/j.aap.2015.09.025
10.1080/10705510701575602
10.1007/s11121-011-0201-1
10.1016/j.jsr.2013.04.002
10.1016/j.aap.2013.12.020
10.1016/j.aap.2005.12.009
10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.024
10.3141/1635-09
10.3390/ijerph13070714
10.1016/j.aap.2018.12.016
10.1016/j.ssci.2006.08.021
10.1016/S0386-1112(14)60134-5
10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.025
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2019 Elsevier Ltd
– notice: Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388
DatabaseName CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
MEDLINE - Academic
MEDLINE
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Social Welfare & Social Work
Public Health
EISSN 1879-2057
ExternalDocumentID 31812900
10_1016_j_aap_2019_105388
S0001457519312357
Genre Journal Article
GeographicLocations North Carolina
United States
GeographicLocations_xml – name: North Carolina
– name: United States
GroupedDBID ---
--K
--M
-~X
..I
.~1
0R~
1B1
1RT
1~.
23M
4.4
457
4G.
53G
5GY
5RE
5VS
7-5
71M
8P~
9JM
9JN
9JO
AABNK
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAFJI
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AAXUO
ABBQC
ABDMP
ABFNM
ABIVO
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABMMH
ABMZM
ABNUV
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACHQT
ACNCT
ACNNM
ACRLP
ADBBV
ADEWK
ADEZE
ADMUD
ADTZH
AEBSH
AECPX
AEKER
AFKWA
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AHJVU
AHPOS
AHRSL
AI.
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJOXV
AJRQY
AKRWK
AKURH
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
ANZVX
AOMHK
ASPBG
AVARZ
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BJAXD
BKOJK
BLXMC
BNPGV
CS3
EBS
EFJIC
EJD
ENUVR
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F3I
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-2
G-Q
GBLVA
HEH
HMK
HMO
HMY
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
JJJVA
KOM
M29
M3W
M3Y
M41
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
PRBVW
Q38
R2-
RIG
ROL
RPZ
SAE
SCC
SDF
SDG
SDP
SES
SEW
SPC
SPCBC
SSB
SSG
SSH
SSO
SSS
SST
SSZ
T5K
VH1
WUQ
XPP
ZCG
ZGI
~G-
9DU
AATTM
AAXKI
AAYWO
AAYXX
ABWVN
ACIEU
ACLOT
ACRPL
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADNMO
AEIPS
AEUPX
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AGQPQ
AIGII
AIIUN
AKBMS
AKYEP
ANKPU
APXCP
CITATION
EFKBS
EFLBG
~HD
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c381t-5abf04b1f0fa6473571b33ba9d9f6a47da4e128ba02157e8206b2d827338bddd3
ISICitedReferencesCount 87
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000512221300023&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0001-4575
1879-2057
IngestDate Sun Sep 28 12:15:06 EDT 2025
Wed Feb 19 02:31:10 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:28:08 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 21:46:27 EST 2025
Tue Jul 16 04:30:28 EDT 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Severity analysis
Mixed logit model
Latent class clustering
Head-on crashes
Language English
License Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c381t-5abf04b1f0fa6473571b33ba9d9f6a47da4e128ba02157e8206b2d827338bddd3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
PMID 31812900
PQID 2322806664
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_2322806664
pubmed_primary_31812900
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_aap_2019_105388
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aap_2019_105388
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_aap_2019_105388
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2020-02-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2020-02-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 02
  year: 2020
  text: 2020-02-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace England
PublicationPlace_xml – name: England
PublicationTitle Accident analysis and prevention
PublicationTitleAlternate Accid Anal Prev
PublicationYear 2020
Publisher Elsevier Ltd
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Ltd
References Anastasopoulos, Mannering (bib0015) 2011; 43
Sasidharan, Wu, Menendez (bib0250) 2015; 85
Desapriya, Ian, Kinney (bib0080) 2005; 29
Milton, Shankar, Mannering (bib0210) 2008; 40
Train (bib0270) 2009
Lin, Chang, Huang, Hwang, Pai (bib0170) 2003; 41
Deng, Ivan, Gårder (bib0070) 2006; 1953
Ye, Lord (bib0300) 2014; 1
Duncan, Khattak, Council (bib0090) 1998; 1635
Khattak (bib0135) 2001; 1746
Yasmin, Eluru, Bhat, Tay (bib0295) 2014; 1
Chang, Xu, Zhou, Chan, Huang (bib0055) 2019; 131
Dissanayake, Roy (bib0085) 2014; 4
Sun, Sun, Shan (bib0265) 2019; 124
Mannering, Bhat (bib0195) 2014; 1
Evans, Wasielewski (bib0100) 1987; 19
Weiss, Kaplan, Prato (bib0285) 2014; 65
Liu, Fan (bib0175) 2018; 46
Mannering (bib0190) 2018; 17
Pai, Saleh (bib0235) 2007; 45
Gårder (bib0110) 2006; 38
Behnood, Roshandeh, Mannering (bib0040) 2014; 3
Hummer, Rasdorf, Findley, Zegeer, Sundstrom (bib0130) 2010; 2
Hosseinpour, Yahaya, Sadullah (bib0125) 2014; 62
Kim, Ulfarsson, Kim, Shankar (bib0140) 2013; 50
Mohamed, Saunier, Miranda-Moreno, Ukkusuri (bib0215) 2013; 54
Behnood, Mannering (bib0020) 2015; 8
Lanza, Rhoades (bib0155) 2013; 14
de Ona, López, Mujalli, Calvo (bib0065) 2013; 51
Wu, Chen, Zhang, Liu, Wang, Bogus (bib0290) 2014; 72
Chen, Cao, Logan (bib0060) 2012; 13
Li, Chen, Wu, Zhang, Liu, Prevedouros, Ma (bib0165) 2018; 20
Haleem, Gan (bib0115) 2013; 46
Alnawmasi, Mannering (bib0010) 2019; 22
Abdel-Aty (bib0005) 2003; 34
Behnood, Mannering (bib0035) 2017; 16
Shaheed, Gkritza, Zhang, Hans (bib0260) 2013; 61
Prasannakumar, Vijith, Charutha, Geetha (bib0240) 2011; 21
Depaire, Wets, Vanhoof (bib0075) 2008; 40
Feng, Li, Ci, Zhang (bib0105) 2016; 86
Kweon, Kockelman (bib0150) 2003; 35
Ma, Kockelman (bib0180) 2006
McLachlan, Peel (bib0205) 2000
Lanza, Collins, Lemmon, Schafer (bib0160) 2007; 14
Olabarria, Santamariña-Rubio, Marí-Dell’Olmo, Gotsens, Novoa, Borrell, Pérez (bib0230) 2015; 29
Chang, Li, Xu, Zhou, Haque, Huang (bib0050) 2016; 13
Kim, Ulfarsson, Kim, Shankar (bib0145) 2013; 50
Ulfarsson, Mannering (bib0275) 2004; 36
Behnood, Mannering (bib0025) 2016; 12
Washington, Karlaftis, Mannering (bib0280) 2010
Savolainen, Mannering, Lord, Quddus (bib0255) 2011; 43
Prato, Gitelman, Bekhor (bib0245) 2012; 44
Malyshkina, Mannering (bib0185) 2008; 2083
Moore, Schneider Iv, Savolainen, Farzaneh (bib0220) 2011; 43
Zhang, Ivan (bib0305) 2005; 1908
Bijmolt, Paas, Vermunt (bib0045) 2004; 21
Edwards (bib0095) 1998; 29
Mathew, Gkritza, Saad, Hans, Cerwick, Gkritza, Shaheed, Hans (bib0200) 2014; 3
Behnood, Mannering (bib0030) 2019
Heydari, Fu, Miranda-Moreno, Joseph (bib0120) 2017; 13
NHTSA (bib0225) 2017
Sun (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0265) 2019; 124
Li (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0165) 2018; 20
Milton (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0210) 2008; 40
Bijmolt (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0045) 2004; 21
Gårder (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0110) 2006; 38
Pai (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0235) 2007; 45
Behnood (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0020) 2015; 8
Khattak (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0135) 2001; 1746
Hosseinpour (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0125) 2014; 62
Lanza (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0160) 2007; 14
Evans (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0100) 1987; 19
Malyshkina (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0185) 2008; 2083
Behnood (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0025) 2016; 12
Chang (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0055) 2019; 131
Train (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0270) 2009
Kweon (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0150) 2003; 35
Kim (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0145) 2013; 50
Moore (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0220) 2011; 43
Olabarria (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0230) 2015; 29
Mannering (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0190) 2018; 17
Anastasopoulos (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0015) 2011; 43
Chen (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0060) 2012; 13
Alnawmasi (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0010) 2019; 22
Feng (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0105) 2016; 86
Washington (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0280) 2010
Chang (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0050) 2016; 13
Abdel-Aty (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0005) 2003; 34
Weiss (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0285) 2014; 65
de Ona (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0065) 2013; 51
Behnood (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0035) 2017; 16
Prato (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0245) 2012; 44
Mathew (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0200) 2014; 3
Mohamed (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0215) 2013; 54
NHTSA (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0225) 2017
Ye (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0300) 2014; 1
Prasannakumar (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0240) 2011; 21
Duncan (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0090) 1998; 1635
Savolainen (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0255) 2011; 43
Yasmin (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0295) 2014; 1
Depaire (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0075) 2008; 40
Sasidharan (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0250) 2015; 85
Lin (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0170) 2003; 41
Zhang (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0305) 2005; 1908
Lanza (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0155) 2013; 14
Haleem (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0115) 2013; 46
Desapriya (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0080) 2005; 29
McLachlan (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0205) 2000
Behnood (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0040) 2014; 3
Ulfarsson (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0275) 2004; 36
Ma (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0180) 2006
Hummer (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0130) 2010; 2
Edwards (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0095) 1998; 29
Liu (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0175) 2018; 46
Kim (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0140) 2013; 50
Wu (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0290) 2014; 72
Heydari (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0120) 2017; 13
Mannering (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0195) 2014; 1
Deng (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0070) 2006; 1953
Shaheed (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0260) 2013; 61
Behnood (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0030) 2019
Dissanayake (10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0085) 2014; 4
References_xml – volume: 21
  start-page: 323
  year: 2004
  end-page: 340
  ident: bib0045
  article-title: Country and consumer segmentation:multi-level latent class analysis of financial product ownership
  publication-title: Int. J. Res. Mark.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 621
  year: 2011
  end-page: 630
  ident: bib0220
  article-title: Mixed logit analysis of bicyclist injury severity resulting from motor vehicle crashes at intersection and nonintersection locations
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 35
  start-page: 441
  year: 2003
  end-page: 450
  ident: bib0150
  article-title: Overall injury risk to different drivers: combining exposure, frequency, and severity models
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 1953
  start-page: 137
  year: 2006
  end-page: 146
  ident: bib0070
  article-title: Analysis of factors affecting the severity of head-on crashes: two-lane rural highways in Connecticut
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
– volume: 85
  start-page: 219
  year: 2015
  end-page: 228
  ident: bib0250
  article-title: Exploring the application of latent class cluster analysis for investigating pedestrian crash injury severities in Switzerland
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 300
  year: 2012
  end-page: 307
  ident: bib0060
  article-title: Analysis of risk factors affecting the severity of intersection crashes by logistic regression
  publication-title: Traffic Inj. Prev.
– volume: 44
  start-page: 56
  year: 2012
  end-page: 62
  ident: bib0245
  article-title: Mapping patterns of pedestrian fatal accidents in Israel
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 61
  start-page: 119
  year: 2013
  end-page: 128
  ident: bib0260
  article-title: A mixed logit analysis of two-vehicle crash severities involving a motorcycle
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1
  year: 2016
  end-page: 17
  ident: bib0025
  article-title: An empirical assessment of the effects of economic recessions on pedestrian-injury crashes using mixed and latent-class models
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1666
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1676
  ident: bib0255
  article-title: The statistical analysis of highway crash-injury severities: a review and assessment of methodological alternatives
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 203
  year: 2010
  end-page: 220
  ident: bib0130
  article-title: Curve collisions: road and collision characteristics and countermeasures
  publication-title: J. Transp. Saf. Secur.
– volume: 21
  start-page: 317
  year: 2011
  end-page: 325
  ident: bib0240
  article-title: Spatio-temporal clustering of road accidents: GIS based analysis and assessment
  publication-title: Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci.
– volume: 131
  start-page: 316
  year: 2019
  end-page: 326
  ident: bib0055
  article-title: Investigating injury severities of motorcycle riders: a two-step method integrating latent class cluster analysis and random parameters logit model
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 11
  year: 2014
  end-page: 27
  ident: bib0200
  article-title: A comparison of the mixed logit and latent class methods for crash severity analysis
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– year: 2006
  ident: bib0180
  article-title: Crash frequency and severity modeling using clustered data from Washington state
  publication-title: IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference
– volume: 36
  start-page: 135
  year: 2004
  end-page: 147
  ident: bib0275
  article-title: Differences in male and female injury severities in sport-utility vehicle, minivan, pickup and passenger car accidents
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 45
  start-page: 832
  year: 2007
  end-page: 847
  ident: bib0235
  article-title: An analysis of motorcyclist injury severity under various traffic control measures at three-legged junctions in the UK
  publication-title: Saf. Sci.
– year: 2010
  ident: bib0280
  article-title: Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis
– volume: 62
  start-page: 209
  year: 2014
  end-page: 222
  ident: bib0125
  article-title: Exploring the effects of roadway characteristics on the frequency and severity of head-on crashes: case studies from Malaysian federal roads
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 72
  year: 2014
  end-page: 85
  ident: bib0300
  article-title: Comparing three commonly used crash severity models on sample size requirements: multinomial logit, ordered probit and mixed logit models
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 22
  year: 2019
  ident: bib0010
  article-title: A statistical assessment of temporal instability in the factors determining motorcyclist injury severities
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 35
  year: 2017
  end-page: 47
  ident: bib0035
  article-title: Determinants of bicyclist injury severities in bicycle-vehicle crashes: a random parameters approach with heterogeneity in means and variances
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 1635
  start-page: 63
  year: 1998
  end-page: 71
  ident: bib0090
  article-title: Applying the ordered probit model to injury severity in truck-passenger car rear-end collisions
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 119
  year: 1987
  end-page: 131
  ident: bib0100
  article-title: Serious or fatal driver injury rate versus car mass in head-on crashes between cars of similar mass
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 7
  year: 2015
  end-page: 32
  ident: bib0020
  article-title: The temporal stability of factors affecting driver-injury severities in single-vehicle crashes: some empirical evidence
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 65
  start-page: 142
  year: 2014
  end-page: 155
  ident: bib0285
  article-title: Analysis of factors associated with injury severity in crashes involving young New Zealand drivers
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 41
  start-page: 783
  year: 2003
  end-page: 791
  ident: bib0170
  article-title: Factors associated with severity of motorcycle injuries among young adult riders
  publication-title: Ann. Emerg. Med.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 16
  year: 2015
  end-page: 23
  ident: bib0230
  article-title: Head-on crashes on two-way interurban roads: a public health concern in road safety
  publication-title: Gac. Sanit.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 714
  year: 2016
  ident: bib0050
  article-title: Injury severity of motorcycle riders involved in traffic crashes in Hunan, China: a mixed ordered logit approach
  publication-title: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
– volume: 72
  start-page: 105
  year: 2014
  end-page: 115
  ident: bib0290
  article-title: Mixed logit model-based driver injury severity investigations in single- and multi-vehicle crashes on rural two-lane highways
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 4
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  ident: bib0085
  article-title: Crash severity analysis of single vehicle run-off-road crashes
  publication-title: J. Transp. Technol.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 13
  ident: bib0190
  article-title: Temporal instability and the analysis of highway accident data
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 34
  start-page: 597
  year: 2003
  end-page: 603
  ident: bib0005
  article-title: Analysis of driver injury severity levels at multiple locations using ordered probit models
  publication-title: J. Saf. Res.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 56
  year: 2014
  end-page: 91
  ident: bib0040
  article-title: Latent class analysis of the effects of age, gender, and alcohol consumption on driver-injury severities
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 671
  year: 2007
  end-page: 694
  ident: bib0160
  article-title: PROC LCA: a SAS procedure for latent class analysis
  publication-title: Struct. Equ. Model. A Multidiscip. J.
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1073
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1081
  ident: bib0145
  article-title: Driver-injury severity in single-vehicle crashes in california: a mixed logit analysis of heterogeneity due to age and gender
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 46
  start-page: 322
  year: 2018
  end-page: 328
  ident: bib0175
  article-title: Modeling head-on crash severity on NCDOT freeways: a mixed logit model approach
  publication-title: Can. J. Civ. Eng.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 249
  year: 1998
  end-page: 262
  ident: bib0095
  article-title: The relationship between road accident severity and recorded weather
  publication-title: J. Saf. Res.
– volume: 54
  start-page: 27
  year: 2013
  end-page: 37
  ident: bib0215
  article-title: A clustering regression approach: a comprehensive injury severity analysis of pedestrian–vehicle crashes in New York, US and Montreal, Canada
  publication-title: Saf. Sci.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 157
  year: 2013
  end-page: 168
  ident: bib0155
  article-title: Latent class analysis: an alternative perspective on subgroup analysis in prevention and treatment
  publication-title: Prev. Sci.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 23
  year: 2014
  end-page: 38
  ident: bib0295
  article-title: A latent segmentation based generalized ordered logit model to examine factors influencing driver injury severity
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 124
  start-page: 50
  year: 2019
  end-page: 57
  ident: bib0265
  article-title: Pedestrian crash analysis with latent class clustering method
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 1908
  start-page: 159
  year: 2005
  end-page: 164
  ident: bib0305
  article-title: Effects of geometric characteristics on head-on crash incidence on two-lane roads in Connecticut
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
– volume: 40
  start-page: 260
  year: 2008
  end-page: 266
  ident: bib0210
  article-title: Highway accident severities and the mixed logit model: an exploratory empirical analysis
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 51
  start-page: 1
  year: 2013
  end-page: 10
  ident: bib0065
  article-title: Analysis of traffic accidents on rural highways using latent class clustering and Bayesian networks
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– year: 2000
  ident: bib0205
  article-title: Finite Mixture Models
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 14
  ident: bib0165
  article-title: Exploring driver injury severity patterns and causes in low visibility related single-vehicle crashes using a finite mixture random parameters model
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– year: 2017
  ident: bib0225
  article-title: Traffic Safety Facts 2015: a Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Estimates System
– volume: 40
  start-page: 1257
  year: 2008
  end-page: 1266
  ident: bib0075
  article-title: Traffic accident segmentation by means of latent class clustering
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 2083
  start-page: 122
  year: 2008
  end-page: 127
  ident: bib0185
  article-title: Effect of increases in speed limits on severities of injuries in accidents
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
– year: 2019
  ident: bib0030
  article-title: Time-of-day variations and temporal instability of factors affecting injury severities in large-truck crashes
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1073
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1081
  ident: bib0140
  article-title: Driver-injury severity in single-vehicle crashes in California: a mixed logit analysis of heterogeneity due to age and gender
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 46
  start-page: 67
  year: 2013
  end-page: 76
  ident: bib0115
  article-title: Effect of driver’s age and side of impact on crash severity along urban freeways: a mixed logit approach
  publication-title: J. Saf. Res.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1140
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1147
  ident: bib0015
  article-title: An empirical assessment of fixed and random parameter logit models using crash-and non-crash-specific injury data
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 38
  start-page: 652
  year: 2006
  end-page: 661
  ident: bib0110
  article-title: Segment characteristics and severity of head-on crashes on two-lane rural highways in Maine
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 86
  start-page: 29
  year: 2016
  end-page: 39
  ident: bib0105
  article-title: Risk factors affecting fatal bus accident severity: their impact on different types of bus drivers
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
– volume: 1746
  start-page: 59
  year: 2001
  end-page: 68
  ident: bib0135
  article-title: Injury severity in multivehicle rear-end crashes
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  end-page: 22
  ident: bib0195
  article-title: Analytic methods in accident research: methodological frontier and future directions
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 60
  year: 2005
  end-page: 66
  ident: bib0080
  article-title: The risk of injury and vehicle damage severity in vehicle mismatched side impact crashes in British Columbia
  publication-title: IATSS Res.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 16
  year: 2017
  end-page: 27
  ident: bib0120
  article-title: Using a flexible multivariate latent class approach to model correlated outcomes: a joint analysis of pedestrian and cyclist injuries
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– year: 2009
  ident: bib0270
  article-title: Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation
– year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0280
– volume: 40
  start-page: 1257
  issue: 4
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0075
  article-title: Traffic accident segmentation by means of latent class clustering
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2008.01.007
– volume: 51
  start-page: 1
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0065
  article-title: Analysis of traffic accidents on rural highways using latent class clustering and Bayesian networks
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.10.016
– volume: 1
  start-page: 72
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0300
  article-title: Comparing three commonly used crash severity models on sample size requirements: multinomial logit, ordered probit and mixed logit models
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 41
  start-page: 783
  issue: 6
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0170
  article-title: Factors associated with severity of motorcycle injuries among young adult riders
  publication-title: Ann. Emerg. Med.
  doi: 10.1067/mem.2003.186
– volume: 44
  start-page: 56
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0245
  article-title: Mapping patterns of pedestrian fatal accidents in Israel
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.022
– volume: 72
  start-page: 105
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0290
  article-title: Mixed logit model-based driver injury severity investigations in single- and multi-vehicle crashes on rural two-lane highways
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.06.014
– volume: 29
  start-page: 249
  issue: 4
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0095
  article-title: The relationship between road accident severity and recorded weather
  publication-title: J. Saf. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(98)00051-6
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0180
  article-title: Crash frequency and severity modeling using clustered data from Washington state
– volume: 13
  start-page: 16
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0120
  article-title: Using a flexible multivariate latent class approach to model correlated outcomes: a joint analysis of pedestrian and cyclist injuries
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0030
  article-title: Time-of-day variations and temporal instability of factors affecting injury severities in large-truck crashes
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0195
  article-title: Analytic methods in accident research: methodological frontier and future directions
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 40
  start-page: 260
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0210
  article-title: Highway accident severities and the mixed logit model: an exploratory empirical analysis
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.06.006
– volume: 46
  start-page: 322
  issue: 6
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0175
  article-title: Modeling head-on crash severity on NCDOT freeways: a mixed logit model approach
  publication-title: Can. J. Civ. Eng.
– volume: 2083
  start-page: 122
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0185
  article-title: Effect of increases in speed limits on severities of injuries in accidents
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
  doi: 10.3141/2083-14
– year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0225
– volume: 61
  start-page: 119
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0260
  article-title: A mixed logit analysis of two-vehicle crash severities involving a motorcycle
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.028
– volume: 1746
  start-page: 59
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0135
  article-title: Injury severity in multivehicle rear-end crashes
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
  doi: 10.3141/1746-08
– volume: 1908
  start-page: 159
  issue: 1
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0305
  article-title: Effects of geometric characteristics on head-on crash incidence on two-lane roads in Connecticut
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
  doi: 10.1177/0361198105190800119
– volume: 62
  start-page: 209
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0125
  article-title: Exploring the effects of roadway characteristics on the frequency and severity of head-on crashes: case studies from Malaysian federal roads
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.10.001
– volume: 21
  start-page: 323
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0045
  article-title: Country and consumer segmentation:multi-level latent class analysis of financial product ownership
  publication-title: Int. J. Res. Mark.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijresmar.2004.06.002
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1073
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0145
  article-title: Driver-injury severity in single-vehicle crashes in california: a mixed logit analysis of heterogeneity due to age and gender
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.08.011
– volume: 131
  start-page: 316
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0055
  article-title: Investigating injury severities of motorcycle riders: a two-step method integrating latent class cluster analysis and random parameters logit model
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.07.012
– volume: 2
  start-page: 203
  issue: 3
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0130
  article-title: Curve collisions: road and collision characteristics and countermeasures
  publication-title: J. Transp. Saf. Secur.
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1073
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0140
  article-title: Driver-injury severity in single-vehicle crashes in California: a mixed logit analysis of heterogeneity due to age and gender
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.08.011
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0025
  article-title: An empirical assessment of the effects of economic recessions on pedestrian-injury crashes using mixed and latent-class models
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 300
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0060
  article-title: Analysis of risk factors affecting the severity of intersection crashes by logistic regression
  publication-title: Traffic Inj. Prev.
  doi: 10.1080/15389588.2011.653841
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0205
– volume: 3
  start-page: 11
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0200
  article-title: A comparison of the mixed logit and latent class methods for crash severity analysis
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 119
  issue: 2
  year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0100
  article-title: Serious or fatal driver injury rate versus car mass in head-on crashes between cars of similar mass
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(87)90031-5
– volume: 43
  start-page: 621
  issue: 3
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0220
  article-title: Mixed logit analysis of bicyclist injury severity resulting from motor vehicle crashes at intersection and nonintersection locations
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.09.015
– volume: 16
  start-page: 35
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0035
  article-title: Determinants of bicyclist injury severities in bicycle-vehicle crashes: a random parameters approach with heterogeneity in means and variances
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 1953
  start-page: 137
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0070
  article-title: Analysis of factors affecting the severity of head-on crashes: two-lane rural highways in Connecticut
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
  doi: 10.1177/0361198106195300116
– volume: 85
  start-page: 219
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0250
  article-title: Exploring the application of latent class cluster analysis for investigating pedestrian crash injury severities in Switzerland
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.09.020
– volume: 36
  start-page: 135
  issue: 2
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0275
  article-title: Differences in male and female injury severities in sport-utility vehicle, minivan, pickup and passenger car accidents
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/S0001-4575(02)00135-5
– volume: 34
  start-page: 597
  issue: 5
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0005
  article-title: Analysis of driver injury severity levels at multiple locations using ordered probit models
  publication-title: J. Saf. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2003.05.009
– volume: 35
  start-page: 441
  issue: 4
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0150
  article-title: Overall injury risk to different drivers: combining exposure, frequency, and severity models
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/S0001-4575(02)00021-0
– volume: 29
  start-page: 16
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0230
  article-title: Head-on crashes on two-way interurban roads: a public health concern in road safety
  publication-title: Gac. Sanit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2015.03.007
– volume: 54
  start-page: 27
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0215
  article-title: A clustering regression approach: a comprehensive injury severity analysis of pedestrian–vehicle crashes in New York, US and Montreal, Canada
  publication-title: Saf. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2012.11.001
– volume: 1
  start-page: 23
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0295
  article-title: A latent segmentation based generalized ordered logit model to examine factors influencing driver injury severity
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 56
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0040
  article-title: Latent class analysis of the effects of age, gender, and alcohol consumption on driver-injury severities
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 21
  start-page: 317
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0240
  article-title: Spatio-temporal clustering of road accidents: GIS based analysis and assessment
  publication-title: Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.07.020
– volume: 86
  start-page: 29
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0105
  article-title: Risk factors affecting fatal bus accident severity: their impact on different types of bus drivers
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.09.025
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0270
– volume: 14
  start-page: 671
  issue: 4
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0160
  article-title: PROC LCA: a SAS procedure for latent class analysis
  publication-title: Struct. Equ. Model. A Multidiscip. J.
  doi: 10.1080/10705510701575602
– volume: 8
  start-page: 7
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0020
  article-title: The temporal stability of factors affecting driver-injury severities in single-vehicle crashes: some empirical evidence
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 157
  issue: 2
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0155
  article-title: Latent class analysis: an alternative perspective on subgroup analysis in prevention and treatment
  publication-title: Prev. Sci.
  doi: 10.1007/s11121-011-0201-1
– volume: 22
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0010
  article-title: A statistical assessment of temporal instability in the factors determining motorcyclist injury severities
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 46
  start-page: 67
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0115
  article-title: Effect of driver’s age and side of impact on crash severity along urban freeways: a mixed logit approach
  publication-title: J. Saf. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2013.04.002
– volume: 65
  start-page: 142
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0285
  article-title: Analysis of factors associated with injury severity in crashes involving young New Zealand drivers
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.12.020
– volume: 38
  start-page: 652
  issue: 4
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0110
  article-title: Segment characteristics and severity of head-on crashes on two-lane rural highways in Maine
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2005.12.009
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0165
  article-title: Exploring driver injury severity patterns and causes in low visibility related single-vehicle crashes using a finite mixture random parameters model
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1140
  issue: 3
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0015
  article-title: An empirical assessment of fixed and random parameter logit models using crash-and non-crash-specific injury data
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.024
– volume: 1635
  start-page: 63
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0090
  article-title: Applying the ordered probit model to injury severity in truck-passenger car rear-end collisions
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec.
  doi: 10.3141/1635-09
– volume: 13
  start-page: 714
  issue: 7
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0050
  article-title: Injury severity of motorcycle riders involved in traffic crashes in Hunan, China: a mixed ordered logit approach
  publication-title: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
  doi: 10.3390/ijerph13070714
– volume: 4
  start-page: 1
  issue: 01
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0085
  article-title: Crash severity analysis of single vehicle run-off-road crashes
  publication-title: J. Transp. Technol.
– volume: 124
  start-page: 50
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0265
  article-title: Pedestrian crash analysis with latent class clustering method
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.12.016
– volume: 45
  start-page: 832
  issue: 8
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0235
  article-title: An analysis of motorcyclist injury severity under various traffic control measures at three-legged junctions in the UK
  publication-title: Saf. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2006.08.021
– volume: 29
  start-page: 60
  issue: 2
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0080
  article-title: The risk of injury and vehicle damage severity in vehicle mismatched side impact crashes in British Columbia
  publication-title: IATSS Res.
  doi: 10.1016/S0386-1112(14)60134-5
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0190
  article-title: Temporal instability and the analysis of highway accident data
  publication-title: Anal. Methods Accid. Res.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1666
  issue: 5
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388_bib0255
  article-title: The statistical analysis of highway crash-injury severities: a review and assessment of methodological alternatives
  publication-title: Accid. Anal. Prev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.025
SSID ssj0007875
Score 2.570016
Snippet •This paper examines injury severity of head-on crashes in North Carolina.•Latent class clustering analysis is conducted to reduce heterogeneity in the crash...
Although only 2 % of crashes are head-on crashes in the United States, they account for over 10 % of all crash-related fatalities. This study aims to...
SourceID proquest
pubmed
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 105388
SubjectTerms Accidents, Traffic - mortality
Adult
Driving Under the Influence - statistics & numerical data
Female
Head-on crashes
Humans
Injury Severity Score
Latent Class Analysis
Latent class clustering
Logistic Models
Male
Middle Aged
Mixed logit model
North Carolina - epidemiology
Severity analysis
United States
Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology
Young Adult
Title Exploring injury severity in head-on crashes using latent class clustering analysis and mixed logit model: A case study of North Carolina
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.105388
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31812900
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2322806664
Volume 135
WOSCitedRecordID wos000512221300023&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1879-2057
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0007875
  issn: 0001-4575
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1LbxMxELbSlgMSQlBegVINEuqBaKNN9mluUZUKUBQ4pDS3le31loSwCcmmisQv4F8zfm1aoFU5cLE21nqzyvdl_Hk8niHkdZRSFoex9NQukRcWwvdS7ktPRIKiSRaU6QDZz4NkOEzHY_qp0fjhzsJczJKyTDcbuvivUGMfgq2Ozv4D3PVDsQOvEXRsEXZsbwX8NqpuUk7xF2vh3CdViTrl2kDTm3sIuFiy1Re5aq21q2CGgrOsWkIpaWzXKnmCObxoM5Yo7_q3yQbFqTKVlamfYw61C5wGTZJa7XzQ20DHthbQZeXbE0LVL62uPnRhM0htgwEGk7WJGy7PCzmp6WX8tGe2x7opcE3q1yEfxrKmCUWcTDbqtvxLnzPHQXTJoKL8C0zdvz9svXE7TNuMqbyjHdre3ns1r_bwY3ZyOhhko_54dLT47qmSY2pr3tZf2SF73SSiaNX3eu_74w_1RI62TEXA1m_pNsV1eOBv33qdrLlu2aLly-gBuW_XHdAzfHlIGrLcJ_eM0xbMWbR9cmAOa8OZnBVsKeEIXMd8-fUR-VlTCwy1wFELP4OlFlhqgaYWGGqBphZsqQWOBXiRg6YWaGqBptZb6IEiFmhiwbwATSxwxHpMTk_6o-N3ni3l4QmUhJUXMV74Ie8UfoGmIQmipMODgDOa0yJmYZKzUKJS4kxJ0ESqogK8m6eorYOU53kePCG75byUzwh0eBQJmYpuVyZhyDhHySmDxOdFTDnK-SbxHRKZsHnuVbmVWeYCGqcZgpcp8DIDXpO8qYcsTJKXm24OHbyZValGfWZIzJuGvXJUyNCCq205Vsr5epXhmkaFN8Rx2CRPDUfqtwiUAKe-__wWo1-Qu9s_3gHZrZZr-ZLcERfVZLU8JDvJOD20FP8FSMPJhw
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Exploring+injury+severity+in+head-on+crashes+using+latent+class+clustering+analysis+and+mixed+logit+model%3A+A+case+study+of+North+Carolina&rft.jtitle=Accident+analysis+and+prevention&rft.au=Liu%2C+Pengfei&rft.au=Fan%2C+Wei&rft.date=2020-02-01&rft.issn=1879-2057&rft.eissn=1879-2057&rft.volume=135&rft.spage=105388&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aap.2019.105388&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0001-4575&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0001-4575&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0001-4575&client=summon