The learning benefits of teaching: A retrieval practice hypothesis

Summary Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to‐be‐taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the learning‐by‐teaching benefit is possibly a retrieval benefit. Learners (a) solved arithmetic pr...

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Vydáno v:	Applied cognitive psychology Ročník 32; číslo 3; s. 401 - 410
Hlavní autoři:	Koh, Aloysius Wei Lun, Lee, Sze Chi, Lim, Stephen Wee Hun
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Bognor Regis Wiley 01.05.2018 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Témata:	Arithmetic Comprehension Control Groups Educational materials educational psychology Group practice Groups Instructional Effectiveness Instructional Materials Learning Learning Strategies learning‐by‐teaching Mathematics Mathematics Activities Memory Retrieval retrieval practice retrieval‐based learning Teachers Teaching Teaching Methods the testing effect
ISSN:	0888-4080, 1099-0720
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Abstract	Summary Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to‐be‐taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the learning‐by‐teaching benefit is possibly a retrieval benefit. Learners (a) solved arithmetic problems (i.e., they neither taught nor retrieved; control group), (b) taught without relying on teaching notes (i.e., they had to retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching group), (c) taught with teaching notes (i.e., they did not retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching without retrieval practice [TnRP] group), or (d) retrieved (i.e., they did not teach but only practised retrieving; retrieval practice group). In a final comprehension test 1 week later, learners in the teaching group, as did those in the retrieval practice group, outperformed learners in the TnRP and control groups. Retrieval practice possibly causes the learning benefits of teaching.
AbstractList	Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to‐be‐taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the learning‐by‐teaching benefit is possibly a retrieval benefit. Learners (a) solved arithmetic problems (i.e., they neither taught nor retrieved; control group), (b) taught without relying on teaching notes (i.e., they had to retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching group), (c) taught with teaching notes (i.e., they did not retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching without retrieval practice [TnRP] group), or (d) retrieved (i.e., they did not teach but only practised retrieving; retrieval practice group). In a final comprehension test 1 week later, learners in the teaching group, as did those in the retrieval practice group, outperformed learners in the TnRP and control groups. Retrieval practice possibly causes the learning benefits of teaching. Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to‐be‐taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the learning‐by‐teaching benefit is possibly a retrieval benefit. Learners (a) solved arithmetic problems (i.e., they neither taught nor retrieved; control group), (b) taught without relying on teaching notes (i.e., they had to retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching group), (c) taught with teaching notes (i.e., they did not retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching without retrieval practice [ TnRP ] group), or (d) retrieved (i.e., they did not teach but only practised retrieving; retrieval practice group). In a final comprehension test 1 week later, learners in the teaching group, as did those in the retrieval practice group, outperformed learners in the TnRP and control groups. Retrieval practice possibly causes the learning benefits of teaching. Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to-be-taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the learning-by-teaching benefit is possibly a retrieval benefit. Learners (a) solved arithmetic problems (i.e., they neither taught nor retrieved; "control" group), (b) taught without relying on teaching notes (i.e., they had to retrieve the materials while teaching; "teaching" group), (c) taught with teaching notes (i.e., they did not retrieve the materials while teaching; "teaching without retrieval practice" ["TnRP"] group), or (d) retrieved (i.e., they did "not" teach but only practised retrieving; "retrieval practice" group). In a final comprehension test 1 week later, learners in the teaching group, as did those in the retrieval practice group, outperformed learners in the TnRP and control groups. Retrieval practice possibly causes the learning benefits of teaching. Summary Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to‐be‐taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the learning‐by‐teaching benefit is possibly a retrieval benefit. Learners (a) solved arithmetic problems (i.e., they neither taught nor retrieved; control group), (b) taught without relying on teaching notes (i.e., they had to retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching group), (c) taught with teaching notes (i.e., they did not retrieve the materials while teaching; teaching without retrieval practice [TnRP] group), or (d) retrieved (i.e., they did not teach but only practised retrieving; retrieval practice group). In a final comprehension test 1 week later, learners in the teaching group, as did those in the retrieval practice group, outperformed learners in the TnRP and control groups. Retrieval practice possibly causes the learning benefits of teaching.
Author	Lim, Stephen Wee Hun Koh, Aloysius Wei Lun Lee, Sze Chi
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Aloysius Wei Lun surname: Koh fullname: Koh, Aloysius Wei Lun organization: National University of Singapore – sequence: 2 givenname: Sze Chi surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Sze Chi organization: National University of Singapore – sequence: 3 givenname: Stephen Wee Hun orcidid: 0000-0003-3636-7587 surname: Lim fullname: Lim, Stephen Wee Hun email: psylimwh@nus.edu.sg organization: National University of Singapore
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Snippet	Summary Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to‐be‐taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain... Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to‐be‐taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely... Teaching educational materials to others enhances the teacher's own learning of those to-be-taught materials, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely...
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SubjectTerms	Arithmetic Comprehension Control Groups Educational materials educational psychology Group practice Groups Instructional Effectiveness Instructional Materials Learning Learning Strategies learning‐by‐teaching Mathematics Mathematics Activities Memory Retrieval retrieval practice retrieval‐based learning Teachers Teaching Teaching Methods the testing effect
Title	The learning benefits of teaching: A retrieval practice hypothesis
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