Can Growing Degree Days and Photoperiod Predict Spring Wheat Phenology?

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in the rainfed area of Pothwar Pakistan is extremely vulnerable to high temperature. The expected increase in temperature due to global warming should result in shorter crop life cycles, and thus lower biomass and grain yield. Two major factors control wheat phen...

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Vydáno v:Frontiers in environmental science Ročník 5
Hlavní autoři: Aslam, Muhammad A., Ahmed, Mukhtar, Stöckle, Claudio O., Higgins, Stewart S., Hassan, Fayyaz ul, Hayat, Rifat
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 25.09.2017
Frontiers Media S.A
Témata:
Agricultural production
Algorithms
Biomass
Cereal crops
Climate change
Crop growth
Crop yield
Crops
Daylength
Environmental science
Genotypes
Germination
Global warming
Grain
growing degree days
High temperature
Life cycles
Mathematical analysis
Phenology
photoperiod
Seasons
Senescence
Soil sciences
sowing dates
Spring wheat
temperature
Temperature effects
Wheat
Winter
Pakistan
Islamabad Pakistan
Rawalpindi Pakistan
China
ISSN:2296-665X, 2296-665X
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Abstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in the rainfed area of Pothwar Pakistan is extremely vulnerable to high temperature. The expected increase in temperature due to global warming should result in shorter crop life cycles, and thus lower biomass and grain yield. Two major factors control wheat phenological development: temperature and photoperiod. To evaluate wheat development in response to these factors, we conducted experiments that created diverse temperature and daylength conditions by adjusting the crop sowing time. The study was conducted during 2013-14 and 2014-15 using five spring wheat genotypes, four sowing times, at three sites under rainfed management in Pothwar, Pakistan. Wheat crops experienced more cold days with early sowing, but later sowing dates resulted in higher temperatures, especially from anthesis to maturity. These treatments produced large differences in phenology, biomass production, and yield. To investigate whether growing degree days (GDD) and photoperiod algorithms could predict wheat phenology under these changing conditions, GDD was calculated based on the method proposed by Wang and Engel while photoperiod followed the approach introduced in the APSIM crop growth model. GDD was calculated separately and in combination with photoperiod from germination to anthesis. For the grain filling period, only GDD was calculated. The observed and predicted number of days to anthesis and maturity were in good agreement, showing that the combination of GDD and photoperiod algorithms provided good estimations of spring wheat phenology under variable temperature and daylength conditions.
AbstractList Wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in the rainfed area of Pothwar Pakistan is extremely vulnerable to high temperature. The expected increase in temperature due to global warming should result in shorter crop life cycles, and thus lower biomass and grain yield. Two major factors control wheat phenological development: temperature and photoperiod. To evaluate wheat development in response to these factors, we conducted experiments that created diverse temperature and daylength conditions by adjusting the crop sowing time. The study was conducted during 2013-14 and 2014-15 using five spring wheat genotypes, four sowing times, at three sites under rainfed management in Pothwar, Pakistan. Wheat crops experienced more cold days with early sowing, but later sowing dates resulted in higher temperatures, especially from anthesis to maturity. These treatments produced large differences in phenology, biomass production, and yield. To investigate whether growing degree days (GDD) and photoperiod algorithms could predict wheat phenology under these changing conditions, GDD was calculated based on the method proposed by Wang and Engel while photoperiod followed the approach introduced in the APSIM crop growth model. GDD was calculated separately and in combination with photoperiod from germination to anthesis. For the grain filling period, only GDD was calculated. The observed and predicted number of days to anthesis and maturity were in good agreement, showing that the combination of GDD and photoperiod algorithms provided good estimations of spring wheat phenology under variable temperature and daylength conditions.
Author Stöckle, Claudio O.
Hassan, Fayyaz ul
Ahmed, Mukhtar
Higgins, Stewart S.
Aslam, Muhammad A.
Hayat, Rifat
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  fullname: Hayat, Rifat
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Snippet Wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in the rainfed area of Pothwar Pakistan is extremely vulnerable to high temperature. The expected increase in temperature...
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SubjectTerms Agricultural production
Algorithms
Biomass
Cereal crops
Climate change
Crop growth
Crop yield
Crops
Daylength
Environmental science
Genotypes
Germination
Global warming
Grain
growing degree days
High temperature
Life cycles
Mathematical analysis
Phenology
photoperiod
Seasons
Senescence
Soil sciences
sowing dates
Spring wheat
temperature
Temperature effects
Wheat
Winter
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