Composition and functions of bacterial membrane vesicles

Extracellular vesicles are produced by species across all domains of life, suggesting that vesiculation represents a fundamental principle of living matter. In Gram-negative bacteria, membrane vesicles (MVs) can originate either from blebs of the outer membrane or from endolysin-triggered explosive...

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Vydáno v:Nature reviews. Microbiology Ročník 21; číslo 7; s. 415 - 430
Hlavní autoři: Toyofuku, Masanori, Schild, Stefan, Kaparakis-Liaskos, Maria, Eberl, Leo
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Nature Publishing Group 01.07.2023
Témata:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiotics
Apoptosis
Bacteria
Bacterial vesicles
Bacteriophages
Bioaccumulation
Biosynthesis
Cell Membrane - metabolism
Composition
Extracellular Vesicles
Genotoxicity
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-Negative Bacteria - metabolism
Gram-positive bacteria
Immunomodulation
Inflammation
Lysis
Membrane vesicles
Membranes
Neutralization
Phages
Phenols
Scavenging
Toxins
Vesicles
Virulence factors
Virulence Factors - metabolism
Waste disposal
Waste materials
ISSN:1740-1526, 1740-1534, 1740-1534
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Shrnutí:Extracellular vesicles are produced by species across all domains of life, suggesting that vesiculation represents a fundamental principle of living matter. In Gram-negative bacteria, membrane vesicles (MVs) can originate either from blebs of the outer membrane or from endolysin-triggered explosive cell lysis, which is often induced by genotoxic stress. Although less is known about the mechanisms of vesiculation in Gram-positive and Gram-neutral bacteria, recent research has shown that both lysis and blebbing mechanisms also exist in these organisms. Evidence has accumulated over the past years that different biogenesis routes lead to distinct types of MV with varied structure and composition. In this Review, we discuss the different types of MV and their potential cargo packaging mechanisms. We summarize current knowledge regarding how MV composition determines their various functions including support of bacterial growth via the disposal of waste material, nutrient scavenging, export of bioactive molecules, DNA transfer, neutralization of phages, antibiotics and bactericidal functions, delivery of virulence factors and toxins to host cells and inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. We also discuss the advantages of MV-mediated secretion compared with classic bacterial secretion systems and we introduce the concept of quantal secretion.
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ISSN:1740-1526
1740-1534
1740-1534
DOI:10.1038/s41579-023-00875-5