Continuous and real-time indoor and outdoor methane sensing with portable optical sensor using rapidly pulsed IR LEDs

We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric methane (CH4) with rapidly pulsed near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) at 1.65 μm. The use of a microcontroller with a field programma...

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Vydáno v:	Talanta (Oxford) Ročník 218; s. 121144
Hlavní autoři:	Mahbub, Parvez, Noori, Ansara, Parry, John S., Davis, John, Lucieer, Arko, Macka, Mirek
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Elsevier B.V 01.10.2020
Témata:	computer software detection limit gases landfills light emitting diodes methane mobile telephones monitoring Near infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) near infrared radiation Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy On-the-fly automated data processing Real-time facile monitoring of gas Remote continuous sensing of methane gas remote sensing unmanned aerial vehicles Wireless data transfer Near infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) On-the-fly automated data processing Remote continuous sensing of methane gas Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy Wireless data transfer Real-time facile monitoring of gas
ISSN:	0039-9140, 1873-3573, 1873-3573
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Abstract	We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric methane (CH4) with rapidly pulsed near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) at 1.65 μm. The use of a microcontroller with a field programmable gate array (μC-FPGA) enables on-the-fly and wireless streaming and processing of large data streams (~2 Gbit/s). The investigated NIR LED detection system offers favourable limits of detection (LOD) of 300 ppm (±5%) CH4,. All the generated raw data were processed automatically on-the-fly in the μC-FPGA and transferred wirelessly via a network connection. The sensing device was deployed for the portable sensing of atmospheric CH4 at a local landfill, resulting in quantified concentrations within the sampling area (ca 400 m2) in the range of 0.5%–3.35% CH4. This NIR LED-based sensor system offers a simple low-cost solution for continuous real-time, quantitative, and direct measurement of CH4 concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments, yet with the flexibility provided by the custom programmable software. It possesses future potential for remote monitoring of gases directly from mobile platforms such as smartphones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). [Display omitted] •Portable and low-cost continuous sensing of CH4 proposed for both indoor and outdoor use.•NDIR spectroscopy with rapidly pulsed near-infrared LEDs at 1.65 μm.•User-defined flexible processing of optical output using μC-FPGA.•Limits of detection (LOD) of 0.03% CH4, and precision of ±5%.•CH4 concentration at a landfill found between 0.5 and 3.35%, was cross-validated using GC.
AbstractList	We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric methane (CH₄) with rapidly pulsed near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) at 1.65 μm. The use of a microcontroller with a field programmable gate array (μC-FPGA) enables on-the-fly and wireless streaming and processing of large data streams (~2 Gbit/s). The investigated NIR LED detection system offers favourable limits of detection (LOD) of 300 ppm (±5%) CH₄,. All the generated raw data were processed automatically on-the-fly in the μC-FPGA and transferred wirelessly via a network connection. The sensing device was deployed for the portable sensing of atmospheric CH₄ at a local landfill, resulting in quantified concentrations within the sampling area (ca 400 m²) in the range of 0.5%–3.35% CH₄. This NIR LED-based sensor system offers a simple low-cost solution for continuous real-time, quantitative, and direct measurement of CH₄ concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments, yet with the flexibility provided by the custom programmable software. It possesses future potential for remote monitoring of gases directly from mobile platforms such as smartphones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric methane (CH4) with rapidly pulsed near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) at 1.65 μm. The use of a microcontroller with a field programmable gate array (μC-FPGA) enables on-the-fly and wireless streaming and processing of large data streams (~2 Gbit/s). The investigated NIR LED detection system offers favourable limits of detection (LOD) of 300 ppm (±5%) CH4,. All the generated raw data were processed automatically on-the-fly in the μC-FPGA and transferred wirelessly via a network connection. The sensing device was deployed for the portable sensing of atmospheric CH4 at a local landfill, resulting in quantified concentrations within the sampling area (ca 400 m2) in the range of 0.5%-3.35% CH4. This NIR LED-based sensor system offers a simple low-cost solution for continuous real-time, quantitative, and direct measurement of CH4 concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments, yet with the flexibility provided by the custom programmable software. It possesses future potential for remote monitoring of gases directly from mobile platforms such as smartphones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV).We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric methane (CH4) with rapidly pulsed near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) at 1.65 μm. The use of a microcontroller with a field programmable gate array (μC-FPGA) enables on-the-fly and wireless streaming and processing of large data streams (~2 Gbit/s). The investigated NIR LED detection system offers favourable limits of detection (LOD) of 300 ppm (±5%) CH4,. All the generated raw data were processed automatically on-the-fly in the μC-FPGA and transferred wirelessly via a network connection. The sensing device was deployed for the portable sensing of atmospheric CH4 at a local landfill, resulting in quantified concentrations within the sampling area (ca 400 m2) in the range of 0.5%-3.35% CH4. This NIR LED-based sensor system offers a simple low-cost solution for continuous real-time, quantitative, and direct measurement of CH4 concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments, yet with the flexibility provided by the custom programmable software. It possesses future potential for remote monitoring of gases directly from mobile platforms such as smartphones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric methane (CH4) with rapidly pulsed near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) at 1.65 μm. The use of a microcontroller with a field programmable gate array (μC-FPGA) enables on-the-fly and wireless streaming and processing of large data streams (~2 Gbit/s). The investigated NIR LED detection system offers favourable limits of detection (LOD) of 300 ppm (±5%) CH4,. All the generated raw data were processed automatically on-the-fly in the μC-FPGA and transferred wirelessly via a network connection. The sensing device was deployed for the portable sensing of atmospheric CH4 at a local landfill, resulting in quantified concentrations within the sampling area (ca 400 m2) in the range of 0.5%–3.35% CH4. This NIR LED-based sensor system offers a simple low-cost solution for continuous real-time, quantitative, and direct measurement of CH4 concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments, yet with the flexibility provided by the custom programmable software. It possesses future potential for remote monitoring of gases directly from mobile platforms such as smartphones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). [Display omitted] •Portable and low-cost continuous sensing of CH4 proposed for both indoor and outdoor use.•NDIR spectroscopy with rapidly pulsed near-infrared LEDs at 1.65 μm.•User-defined flexible processing of optical output using μC-FPGA.•Limits of detection (LOD) of 0.03% CH4, and precision of ±5%.•CH4 concentration at a landfill found between 0.5 and 3.35%, was cross-validated using GC.
ArticleNumber	121144
Author	Davis, John Mahbub, Parvez Parry, John S. Macka, Mirek Lucieer, Arko Noori, Ansara
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Parvez surname: Mahbub fullname: Mahbub, Parvez organization: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS) and School of Physical Sciences University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, 7001, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Ansara surname: Noori fullname: Noori, Ansara organization: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS) and School of Physical Sciences University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, 7001, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: John S. surname: Parry fullname: Parry, John S. organization: Central Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 74, Hobart, 7001, Australia – sequence: 4 givenname: John surname: Davis fullname: Davis, John organization: Central Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 74, Hobart, 7001, Australia – sequence: 5 givenname: Arko surname: Lucieer fullname: Lucieer, Arko organization: School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 76, Hobart, 7001, Australia – sequence: 6 givenname: Mirek surname: Macka fullname: Macka, Mirek email: Mirek.Macka@utas.edu.au organization: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS) and School of Physical Sciences University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, 7001, Australia
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Keywords	Near infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) On-the-fly automated data processing Remote continuous sensing of methane gas Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy Wireless data transfer Real-time facile monitoring of gas
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Snippet	We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric...
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SubjectTerms	computer software detection limit gases landfills light emitting diodes methane mobile telephones monitoring Near infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) near infrared radiation Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy On-the-fly automated data processing Real-time facile monitoring of gas Remote continuous sensing of methane gas remote sensing unmanned aerial vehicles Wireless data transfer
Title	Continuous and real-time indoor and outdoor methane sensing with portable optical sensor using rapidly pulsed IR LEDs
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