The psychological impact of the rise in media reporting of sexual violence after COVID-19 pandemic on Pakistani women’s mental health

Purpose Pandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases of sexual and gender-based violence against women, globally. Consequently, frequent breaking news of sexual violence in media aggrava...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Jg. 59; H. 12; S. 2303 - 2311
Hauptverfasser:	Ghazal, Pasha, Akbar, Shehzeen
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2024 Springer Nature B.V
Schlagworte:	Adult Anxiety - epidemiology Anxiety - psychology Chi-square test COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - psychology Cross-Sectional Studies Depression - epidemiology Depression - psychology Epidemiology Female Humans Mass Media - statistics & numerical data Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental Health Middle Aged News Pakistan - epidemiology Pandemics Psychiatry SARS-CoV-2 Sex crimes Sex Offenses - psychology Sex Offenses - statistics & numerical data Stress, Psychological - epidemiology Stress, Psychological - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Violence Women's Health Young Adult Pakistan COVID-19 pandemic Media reporting Sexual violence DASS-21 Women mental health
ISSN:	0933-7954, 1433-9285, 1433-9285
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Abstract	Purpose Pandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases of sexual and gender-based violence against women, globally. Consequently, frequent breaking news of sexual violence in media aggravated mental distress and worry among women. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the impact of the rise in active circulation of news of sexual violence on the mental health of working women and students using the validated DASS-21 questionnaire. Methods A total of 303 women with diverse socio-demographic backgrounds participated in the study. We performed a chi-square test to analyze the association of increase in media reporting with DASS-21total and sub-categories scores. Multivariate linear regression was performed on propensity score-matched subjects to identify psychosocial predictors of mental distress. Results Increased self-reported worries in response to rise in media reports of sexual violence was found to be significant predictor of mental distress ( p < 0.002). Moreover, highly significant correlation between the increase in media reports and scores of depression, anxiety, and stress was observed ( p < 0.001). Conclusions The rise in media reporting of sexual violence in the after math of COVID-19 was found to have a significant psychological impact on the mental health of Pakistani women. This is the first study of its kind on the subject and provides fundamental findings for shaping policy change on responsible media reporting of sexual violence.
AbstractList	PurposePandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases of sexual and gender-based violence against women, globally. Consequently, frequent breaking news of sexual violence in media aggravated mental distress and worry among women. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the impact of the rise in active circulation of news of sexual violence on the mental health of working women and students using the validated DASS-21 questionnaire.MethodsA total of 303 women with diverse socio-demographic backgrounds participated in the study. We performed a chi-square test to analyze the association of increase in media reporting with DASS-21total and sub-categories scores. Multivariate linear regression was performed on propensity score-matched subjects to identify psychosocial predictors of mental distress.ResultsIncreased self-reported worries in response to rise in media reports of sexual violence was found to be significant predictor of mental distress (p < 0.002). Moreover, highly significant correlation between the increase in media reports and scores of depression, anxiety, and stress was observed (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe rise in media reporting of sexual violence in the after math of COVID-19 was found to have a significant psychological impact on the mental health of Pakistani women. This is the first study of its kind on the subject and provides fundamental findings for shaping policy change on responsible media reporting of sexual violence. Pandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases of sexual and gender-based violence against women, globally. Consequently, frequent breaking news of sexual violence in media aggravated mental distress and worry among women. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the impact of the rise in active circulation of news of sexual violence on the mental health of working women and students using the validated DASS-21 questionnaire. A total of 303 women with diverse socio-demographic backgrounds participated in the study. We performed a chi-square test to analyze the association of increase in media reporting with DASS-21total and sub-categories scores. Multivariate linear regression was performed on propensity score-matched subjects to identify psychosocial predictors of mental distress. Increased self-reported worries in response to rise in media reports of sexual violence was found to be significant predictor of mental distress (p < 0.002). Moreover, highly significant correlation between the increase in media reports and scores of depression, anxiety, and stress was observed (p < 0.001). The rise in media reporting of sexual violence in the after math of COVID-19 was found to have a significant psychological impact on the mental health of Pakistani women. This is the first study of its kind on the subject and provides fundamental findings for shaping policy change on responsible media reporting of sexual violence. Pandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases of sexual and gender-based violence against women, globally. Consequently, frequent breaking news of sexual violence in media aggravated mental distress and worry among women. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the impact of the rise in active circulation of news of sexual violence on the mental health of working women and students using the validated DASS-21 questionnaire.PURPOSEPandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases of sexual and gender-based violence against women, globally. Consequently, frequent breaking news of sexual violence in media aggravated mental distress and worry among women. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the impact of the rise in active circulation of news of sexual violence on the mental health of working women and students using the validated DASS-21 questionnaire.A total of 303 women with diverse socio-demographic backgrounds participated in the study. We performed a chi-square test to analyze the association of increase in media reporting with DASS-21total and sub-categories scores. Multivariate linear regression was performed on propensity score-matched subjects to identify psychosocial predictors of mental distress.METHODSA total of 303 women with diverse socio-demographic backgrounds participated in the study. We performed a chi-square test to analyze the association of increase in media reporting with DASS-21total and sub-categories scores. Multivariate linear regression was performed on propensity score-matched subjects to identify psychosocial predictors of mental distress.Increased self-reported worries in response to rise in media reports of sexual violence was found to be significant predictor of mental distress (p < 0.002). Moreover, highly significant correlation between the increase in media reports and scores of depression, anxiety, and stress was observed (p < 0.001).RESULTSIncreased self-reported worries in response to rise in media reports of sexual violence was found to be significant predictor of mental distress (p < 0.002). Moreover, highly significant correlation between the increase in media reports and scores of depression, anxiety, and stress was observed (p < 0.001).The rise in media reporting of sexual violence in the after math of COVID-19 was found to have a significant psychological impact on the mental health of Pakistani women. This is the first study of its kind on the subject and provides fundamental findings for shaping policy change on responsible media reporting of sexual violence.CONCLUSIONSThe rise in media reporting of sexual violence in the after math of COVID-19 was found to have a significant psychological impact on the mental health of Pakistani women. This is the first study of its kind on the subject and provides fundamental findings for shaping policy change on responsible media reporting of sexual violence. Purpose Pandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases of sexual and gender-based violence against women, globally. Consequently, frequent breaking news of sexual violence in media aggravated mental distress and worry among women. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the impact of the rise in active circulation of news of sexual violence on the mental health of working women and students using the validated DASS-21 questionnaire. Methods A total of 303 women with diverse socio-demographic backgrounds participated in the study. We performed a chi-square test to analyze the association of increase in media reporting with DASS-21total and sub-categories scores. Multivariate linear regression was performed on propensity score-matched subjects to identify psychosocial predictors of mental distress. Results Increased self-reported worries in response to rise in media reports of sexual violence was found to be significant predictor of mental distress ( p < 0.002). Moreover, highly significant correlation between the increase in media reports and scores of depression, anxiety, and stress was observed ( p < 0.001). Conclusions The rise in media reporting of sexual violence in the after math of COVID-19 was found to have a significant psychological impact on the mental health of Pakistani women. This is the first study of its kind on the subject and provides fundamental findings for shaping policy change on responsible media reporting of sexual violence.
Author	Akbar, Shehzeen Ghazal, Pasha
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Cites_doi	10.1007/s12652-021-03401-8 10.1080/15564900802487592 10.1177/1524838009334456 10.1159/000485182 10.1192/bjp.177.6.557 10.1176/ajp.151.1.10 10.4103/shb.shb_45_20 10.1006/jvbe.1995.1033 10.1177/2156869311416827 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1119932 10.1038/s41598-023-28729-3 10.1073/pnas.1316265110 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045872 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1997.tb02622.x 10.1016/j.psc.2009.05.004 10.1037/vio0000056 10.1037/0022-006X.68.5.748 10.1016/s2589-7500(20)30315-0 10.1186/s12905-015-0161-x 10.4103/2224-3151.206730 10.1192/bjo.2023.21 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102449 10.3389/fgwh.2021.780771 10.1177/0956797614561043 10.1126/sciadv.aav3502 10.31235/osf.io/vbku6 10.2105/AJPH.2006.097154
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Snippet	Purpose Pandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge... Pandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in cases... PurposePandemics usually have inequitable effects on the most vulnerable groups of society. Since the start of COVID-19, there has been a horrifying upsurge in...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Anxiety - epidemiology Anxiety - psychology Chi-square test COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - psychology Cross-Sectional Studies Depression - epidemiology Depression - psychology Epidemiology Female Humans Mass Media - statistics & numerical data Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental Health Middle Aged News Pakistan - epidemiology Pandemics Psychiatry SARS-CoV-2 Sex crimes Sex Offenses - psychology Sex Offenses - statistics & numerical data Stress, Psychological - epidemiology Stress, Psychological - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Violence Women's Health Young Adult
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Title	The psychological impact of the rise in media reporting of sexual violence after COVID-19 pandemic on Pakistani women’s mental health
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