Biomechanical properties analysis of forme fruste keratoconus and subclinical keratoconus
Purpose To analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]). Methods This study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilat...
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| Vydáno v: | Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology Ročník 261; číslo 5; s. 1311 - 1320 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.05.2023
Springer Nature B.V |
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| ISSN: | 0721-832X, 1435-702X, 1435-702X |
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| Abstract | Purpose
To analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]).
Methods
This study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilateral keratoconus, and 58 eyes of 58 healthy controls. Contralateral eyes with unilateral keratoconus were divided into two groups according to clinical manifestations and global consensus: FFKC (
n
= 30) and SKC (
n
= 65). The biomechanical characteristics were analyzed using non-parametric tests; further analysis thereof was performed after adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., intraocular pressure, age, and corneal thickness). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the ability of the biomechanical parameters to distinguish FFKC from SKC.
Results
Statistically significant differences between the FFKC and SKC groups were found in 9 of the 18 corneal biomechanical parameters analyzed using non-parametric tests. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analysis still revealed significant statistical differences in A1-time (
P
= 0.017), integrated radius (IR) (
P
= 0.024), and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI,
P
< 0.001) between the FFKC and SKC groups. Stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1) (Area under ROC [AUROC] = 0.765) demonstrated the strongest distinguishing ability, except for TBI (AUROC = 0.858) and Corvis Biomechanical Index (AUROC = 0.849), however, there was no statistically significant difference in SP-A1 (
P
= 0.366) between FFKC and SKC.
Conclusions
Biomechanical parameters A1-time and IR have a high diversity between FFKC and SKC, besides TBI, and may reflect more subtle changes in corneal biomechanical properties (BPs) preceding SP-A1. The BPs of SKC are weaker than FFKC, which might be a basic and clue for the classification and diagnosis of the severity of early keratoconus in terms of biomechanics. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | PurposeTo analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]).MethodsThis study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilateral keratoconus, and 58 eyes of 58 healthy controls. Contralateral eyes with unilateral keratoconus were divided into two groups according to clinical manifestations and global consensus: FFKC (n = 30) and SKC (n = 65). The biomechanical characteristics were analyzed using non-parametric tests; further analysis thereof was performed after adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., intraocular pressure, age, and corneal thickness). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the ability of the biomechanical parameters to distinguish FFKC from SKC.ResultsStatistically significant differences between the FFKC and SKC groups were found in 9 of the 18 corneal biomechanical parameters analyzed using non-parametric tests. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analysis still revealed significant statistical differences in A1-time (P = 0.017), integrated radius (IR) (P = 0.024), and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI, P < 0.001) between the FFKC and SKC groups. Stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1) (Area under ROC [AUROC] = 0.765) demonstrated the strongest distinguishing ability, except for TBI (AUROC = 0.858) and Corvis Biomechanical Index (AUROC = 0.849), however, there was no statistically significant difference in SP-A1 (P = 0.366) between FFKC and SKC.ConclusionsBiomechanical parameters A1-time and IR have a high diversity between FFKC and SKC, besides TBI, and may reflect more subtle changes in corneal biomechanical properties (BPs) preceding SP-A1. The BPs of SKC are weaker than FFKC, which might be a basic and clue for the classification and diagnosis of the severity of early keratoconus in terms of biomechanics. To analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]). This study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilateral keratoconus, and 58 eyes of 58 healthy controls. Contralateral eyes with unilateral keratoconus were divided into two groups according to clinical manifestations and global consensus: FFKC (n = 30) and SKC (n = 65). The biomechanical characteristics were analyzed using non-parametric tests; further analysis thereof was performed after adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., intraocular pressure, age, and corneal thickness). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the ability of the biomechanical parameters to distinguish FFKC from SKC. Statistically significant differences between the FFKC and SKC groups were found in 9 of the 18 corneal biomechanical parameters analyzed using non-parametric tests. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analysis still revealed significant statistical differences in A1-time (P = 0.017), integrated radius (IR) (P = 0.024), and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI, P < 0.001) between the FFKC and SKC groups. Stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1) (Area under ROC [AUROC] = 0.765) demonstrated the strongest distinguishing ability, except for TBI (AUROC = 0.858) and Corvis Biomechanical Index (AUROC = 0.849), however, there was no statistically significant difference in SP-A1 (P = 0.366) between FFKC and SKC. Biomechanical parameters A1-time and IR have a high diversity between FFKC and SKC, besides TBI, and may reflect more subtle changes in corneal biomechanical properties (BPs) preceding SP-A1. The BPs of SKC are weaker than FFKC, which might be a basic and clue for the classification and diagnosis of the severity of early keratoconus in terms of biomechanics. To analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]).PURPOSETo analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]).This study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilateral keratoconus, and 58 eyes of 58 healthy controls. Contralateral eyes with unilateral keratoconus were divided into two groups according to clinical manifestations and global consensus: FFKC (n = 30) and SKC (n = 65). The biomechanical characteristics were analyzed using non-parametric tests; further analysis thereof was performed after adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., intraocular pressure, age, and corneal thickness). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the ability of the biomechanical parameters to distinguish FFKC from SKC.METHODSThis study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilateral keratoconus, and 58 eyes of 58 healthy controls. Contralateral eyes with unilateral keratoconus were divided into two groups according to clinical manifestations and global consensus: FFKC (n = 30) and SKC (n = 65). The biomechanical characteristics were analyzed using non-parametric tests; further analysis thereof was performed after adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., intraocular pressure, age, and corneal thickness). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the ability of the biomechanical parameters to distinguish FFKC from SKC.Statistically significant differences between the FFKC and SKC groups were found in 9 of the 18 corneal biomechanical parameters analyzed using non-parametric tests. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analysis still revealed significant statistical differences in A1-time (P = 0.017), integrated radius (IR) (P = 0.024), and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI, P < 0.001) between the FFKC and SKC groups. Stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1) (Area under ROC [AUROC] = 0.765) demonstrated the strongest distinguishing ability, except for TBI (AUROC = 0.858) and Corvis Biomechanical Index (AUROC = 0.849), however, there was no statistically significant difference in SP-A1 (P = 0.366) between FFKC and SKC.RESULTSStatistically significant differences between the FFKC and SKC groups were found in 9 of the 18 corneal biomechanical parameters analyzed using non-parametric tests. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analysis still revealed significant statistical differences in A1-time (P = 0.017), integrated radius (IR) (P = 0.024), and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI, P < 0.001) between the FFKC and SKC groups. Stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1) (Area under ROC [AUROC] = 0.765) demonstrated the strongest distinguishing ability, except for TBI (AUROC = 0.858) and Corvis Biomechanical Index (AUROC = 0.849), however, there was no statistically significant difference in SP-A1 (P = 0.366) between FFKC and SKC.Biomechanical parameters A1-time and IR have a high diversity between FFKC and SKC, besides TBI, and may reflect more subtle changes in corneal biomechanical properties (BPs) preceding SP-A1. The BPs of SKC are weaker than FFKC, which might be a basic and clue for the classification and diagnosis of the severity of early keratoconus in terms of biomechanics.CONCLUSIONSBiomechanical parameters A1-time and IR have a high diversity between FFKC and SKC, besides TBI, and may reflect more subtle changes in corneal biomechanical properties (BPs) preceding SP-A1. The BPs of SKC are weaker than FFKC, which might be a basic and clue for the classification and diagnosis of the severity of early keratoconus in terms of biomechanics. Purpose To analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography (subclinical keratoconus [SKC]). Methods This study included 153 eyes of 153 participants, including 95 eyes of patients with unilateral keratoconus, and 58 eyes of 58 healthy controls. Contralateral eyes with unilateral keratoconus were divided into two groups according to clinical manifestations and global consensus: FFKC ( n = 30) and SKC ( n = 65). The biomechanical characteristics were analyzed using non-parametric tests; further analysis thereof was performed after adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., intraocular pressure, age, and corneal thickness). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the ability of the biomechanical parameters to distinguish FFKC from SKC. Results Statistically significant differences between the FFKC and SKC groups were found in 9 of the 18 corneal biomechanical parameters analyzed using non-parametric tests. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate analysis still revealed significant statistical differences in A1-time ( P = 0.017), integrated radius (IR) ( P = 0.024), and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI, P < 0.001) between the FFKC and SKC groups. Stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1) (Area under ROC [AUROC] = 0.765) demonstrated the strongest distinguishing ability, except for TBI (AUROC = 0.858) and Corvis Biomechanical Index (AUROC = 0.849), however, there was no statistically significant difference in SP-A1 ( P = 0.366) between FFKC and SKC. Conclusions Biomechanical parameters A1-time and IR have a high diversity between FFKC and SKC, besides TBI, and may reflect more subtle changes in corneal biomechanical properties (BPs) preceding SP-A1. The BPs of SKC are weaker than FFKC, which might be a basic and clue for the classification and diagnosis of the severity of early keratoconus in terms of biomechanics. |
| Author | Li, Jing Huo, Yan Cao, Huazheng Chen, Xuan Hou, Jie Wang, Yan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yan surname: Huo fullname: Huo, Yan organization: School of Medicine, Nankai University – sequence: 2 givenname: Xuan surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Xuan organization: Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University – sequence: 3 givenname: Huazheng surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Huazheng organization: School of Medicine, Nankai University – sequence: 4 givenname: Jing surname: Li fullname: Li, Jing organization: Shanxi Eye Hospital, Xi’an People’s Hospital – sequence: 5 givenname: Jie surname: Hou fullname: Hou, Jie organization: Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital – sequence: 6 givenname: Yan orcidid: 0000-0002-1257-6635 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Yan email: wangyan7143@vip.sina.com organization: School of Medicine, Nankai University, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai Eye Institute, Nankai University |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36441226$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_bioengineering11121198 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exer_2024_109978 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12951_024_02851_4 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40662_025_00435_3 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2025_1598546 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00417_023_06307_7 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12886_024_03695_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exer_2024_109974 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00417_024_06378_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exer_2025_110383 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clae_2025_102382 crossref_primary_10_3390_bioengineering11050420 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_76819_7 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40662_024_00386_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajo_2024_01_009 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_74497_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2024_108124 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajo_2025_08_035 |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. |
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| Keywords | Forme fruste keratoconus Early keratoconus Corneal biomechanics Subclinical keratoconus Unilateral keratoconus |
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To analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal... To analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal topography... PurposeTo analyze the biomechanical properties of the eye in patients with unilateral keratoconus with normal (forme fruste keratoconus [FFKC]) or abnormal... |
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| SubjectTerms | Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Confounding (Statistics) Cornea Corneal Pachymetry Corneal Topography - methods Humans Keratoconus Keratoconus - diagnosis Mechanical properties Medicine Medicine & Public Health Multivariate analysis Ophthalmology Retrospective Studies ROC Curve Statistical analysis |
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| Title | Biomechanical properties analysis of forme fruste keratoconus and subclinical keratoconus |
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