Three decades of monitoring the responses to alkaline K-rich applications in an acidified, K-deficient Norway spruce (Picea abies) stand reveals that forest restoration depends on treatment type: Rock dust, wood ash, dolomite and/or potassium sulphate

[Display omitted] •Long-term effects of amendments on K-deficient Norway spruce stand (28 years)•Base cation loss coupled with nitrate and DOC leaching.•Soil organic carbon increased with K2SO4, decreased with phonolite rock dust.•Tree growth correlates with available K applied.•Ellenberg N increase...

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