Episodic Feedback in Triple Active Galactic Nucleus Candidate SDSS J0849+1114 Revealed by Extended Ionized Gas

Galaxy mergers funnel gas toward the nuclei, igniting starbursts and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The AGN feedback can reshape the host galaxy and regulate both star formation and supermassive black hole accretion. Using Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral-field spectroscopy, we conduct a spatially...

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Vydáno v:The Astrophysical journal Ročník 993; číslo 1; s. 35 - 44
Hlavní autoři: Xu, Xiaoyu, Hou, Meicun, Li, Zhiyuan, Peng, Sijia, Su, Zhao, Li, Zongnan, Bian, Fuyan, Wang, Junfeng
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01.11.2025
IOP Publishing
Témata:
Accretion
Active galactic nuclei
Black holes
Feedback
Galaxies
Galaxy mergers & collisions
Galaxy winds
Interacting galaxies
Interstellar medium
Outflow
Radio jets (astronomy)
Spectroscopy
Star & galaxy formation
Star formation
Supermassive black holes
Very Large Telescope
ISSN:0004-637X, 1538-4357, 1538-4357
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Abstract Galaxy mergers funnel gas toward the nuclei, igniting starbursts and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The AGN feedback can reshape the host galaxy and regulate both star formation and supermassive black hole accretion. Using Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral-field spectroscopy, we conduct a spatially resolved study of the triple-AGN candidate SDSS J0849+1114. Extended ionized gas structures (>10 kpc from nucleus A) primarily associated with tidal tails are detected. Meanwhile, two distinct ionized gas outflows are revealed. One extends over >5 kpc around nuclei A with a kinetic power of Ėout,A=3.0×1042ergs−1 , which might be driven by the radio jet. The other outflow extends ∼5.9 kpc around nucleus C, with a kinetic power of Ėout,C = 2.0 × 1040 erg s−1. High [O iii]/Hα and [N ii]/Hα ratios in the tidal gas require that nucleus A radiated at a high accretion rate with LA,bol ∼ 0.1–0.5 LEdd,A at least ∼3–×104 yr ago, 20–100 times brighter than today. Combined with multiwavelength constraints, we find evidence for episodic AGN feedback that expelled circumnuclear gas and rapidly quenched accretion. This triple AGN candidate demonstrates how AGN feedback can self-regulate black hole growth and impact hosts during mergers.
AbstractList Galaxy mergers funnel gas toward the nuclei, igniting starbursts and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The AGN feedback can reshape the host galaxy and regulate both star formation and supermassive black hole accretion. Using Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral-field spectroscopy, we conduct a spatially resolved study of the triple-AGN candidate SDSS J0849+1114. Extended ionized gas structures (>10 kpc from nucleus A) primarily associated with tidal tails are detected. Meanwhile, two distinct ionized gas outflows are revealed. One extends over >5 kpc around nuclei A with a kinetic power of Ėout,A=3.0×1042ergs−1 , which might be driven by the radio jet. The other outflow extends ∼5.9 kpc around nucleus C, with a kinetic power of Ėout,C = 2.0 × 1040 erg s−1. High [O iii]/Hα and [N ii]/Hα ratios in the tidal gas require that nucleus A radiated at a high accretion rate with LA,bol ∼ 0.1–0.5 LEdd,A at least ∼3–×104 yr ago, 20–100 times brighter than today. Combined with multiwavelength constraints, we find evidence for episodic AGN feedback that expelled circumnuclear gas and rapidly quenched accretion. This triple AGN candidate demonstrates how AGN feedback can self-regulate black hole growth and impact hosts during mergers.
Galaxy mergers funnel gas toward the nuclei, igniting starbursts and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The AGN feedback can reshape the host galaxy and regulate both star formation and supermassive black hole accretion. Using Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral-field spectroscopy, we conduct a spatially resolved study of the triple-AGN candidate SDSS J0849+1114. Extended ionized gas structures (>10 kpc from nucleus A) primarily associated with tidal tails are detected. Meanwhile, two distinct ionized gas outflows are revealed. One extends over >5 kpc around nuclei A with a kinetic power of ${\dot{E}}_{{\rm{out}},{\rm{A}}}=3.0\times 1{0}^{42}\,{\rm{erg}}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}$ , which might be driven by the radio jet. The other outflow extends ∼5.9 kpc around nucleus C, with a kinetic power of ${\dot{E}}_{{\rm{out}},{\rm{C}}}$ = 2.0 × 10 ^40 erg s ^−1 . High [O iii ]/H α and [N ii ]/H α ratios in the tidal gas require that nucleus A radiated at a high accretion rate with L _A,bol  ∼ 0.1–0.5 L _Edd,A at least ∼3–×10 ^4 yr ago, 20–100 times brighter than today. Combined with multiwavelength constraints, we find evidence for episodic AGN feedback that expelled circumnuclear gas and rapidly quenched accretion. This triple AGN candidate demonstrates how AGN feedback can self-regulate black hole growth and impact hosts during mergers.
Galaxy mergers funnel gas toward the nuclei, igniting starbursts and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The AGN feedback can reshape the host galaxy and regulate both star formation and supermassive black hole accretion. Using Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral-field spectroscopy, we conduct a spatially resolved study of the triple-AGN candidate SDSS J0849+1114. Extended ionized gas structures (>10 kpc from nucleus A) primarily associated with tidal tails are detected. Meanwhile, two distinct ionized gas outflows are revealed. One extends over >5 kpc around nuclei A with a kinetic power of E ̇ out , A = 3.0 × 1 0 42 erg s − 1 , which might be driven by the radio jet. The other outflow extends ∼5.9 kpc around nucleus C, with a kinetic power of E ̇ out , C = 2.0 × 10 40 erg s −1 . High [O iii ]/H α and [N ii ]/H α ratios in the tidal gas require that nucleus A radiated at a high accretion rate with L A,bol  ∼ 0.1–0.5 L Edd,A at least ∼3–×10 4 yr ago, 20–100 times brighter than today. Combined with multiwavelength constraints, we find evidence for episodic AGN feedback that expelled circumnuclear gas and rapidly quenched accretion. This triple AGN candidate demonstrates how AGN feedback can self-regulate black hole growth and impact hosts during mergers.
Galaxy mergers funnel gas toward the nuclei, igniting starbursts and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The AGN feedback can reshape the host galaxy and regulate both star formation and supermassive black hole accretion. Using Very Large Telescope/MUSE integral-field spectroscopy, we conduct a spatially resolved study of the triple-AGN candidate SDSS J0849+1114. Extended ionized gas structures (>10 kpc from nucleus A) primarily associated with tidal tails are detected. Meanwhile, two distinct ionized gas outflows are revealed. One extends over >5 kpc around nuclei A with a kinetic power of Ėout,A=3.0×1042ergs−1 , which might be driven by the radio jet. The other outflow extends ∼5.9 kpc around nucleus C, with a kinetic power of Ėout,C = 2.0 × 1040 erg s−1. High [O iii]/Hα and [N ii]/Hα ratios in the tidal gas require that nucleus A radiated at a high accretion rate with LA,bol ∼ 0.1–0.5 LEdd,A at least ∼3–×104 yr ago, 20–100 times brighter than today. Combined with multiwavelength constraints, we find evidence for episodic AGN feedback that expelled circumnuclear gas and rapidly quenched accretion. This triple AGN candidate demonstrates how AGN feedback can self-regulate black hole growth and impact hosts during mergers.
Author Li, Zhiyuan
Wang, Junfeng
Peng, Sijia
Li, Zongnan
Xu, Xiaoyu
Hou, Meicun
Bian, Fuyan
Su, Zhao
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SubjectTerms Accretion
Active galactic nuclei
Black holes
Feedback
Galaxies
Galaxy mergers & collisions
Galaxy winds
Interacting galaxies
Interstellar medium
Outflow
Radio jets (astronomy)
Spectroscopy
Star & galaxy formation
Star formation
Supermassive black holes
Very Large Telescope
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Title Episodic Feedback in Triple Active Galactic Nucleus Candidate SDSS J0849+1114 Revealed by Extended Ionized Gas
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