Multi-Branch Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding Design for MU-MIMO Systems: Theory and Algorithms
Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) is a nonlinear processing technique employed at the transmit side which is a dual to the successive interference cancelation (SIC) detection at the receive side. Like SIC detection, the performance of THP strongly depends on the ordering of the precoded symbols. T...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | IEEE transactions on communications Ročník 62; číslo 3; s. 939 - 951 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
New York, NY
IEEE
01.03.2014
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0090-6778, 1558-0857 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) is a nonlinear processing technique employed at the transmit side which is a dual to the successive interference cancelation (SIC) detection at the receive side. Like SIC detection, the performance of THP strongly depends on the ordering of the precoded symbols. The optimal ordering algorithm, however, is impractical for multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) systems with multiple receive antennas due to the fact that the users are geographically distributed. In this paper, we propose a multi-branch THP (MB-THP) scheme and algorithms that employ multiple transmit processing and ordering strategies along with a selection scheme to mitigate interference in MU-MIMO systems. Two types of multi-branch THP (MB-THP) structures are proposed. The first one employs a decentralized strategy with diagonal weighted filters at the receivers of the users and the second uses a diagonal weighted filter at the transmitter. The MB-MMSE-THP algorithms are also derived based on an extended system model with the aid of an LQ decomposition, which is much simpler compared to the conventional MMSE-THP algorithms. Simulation results show that a better bit error rate (BER) performance can be achieved by the proposed MB-MMSE-THP precoder with a small computational complexity increase. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) is a nonlinear processing technique employed at the transmit side which is a dual to the successive interference cancelation (SIC) detection at the receive side. Like SIC detection, the performance of THP strongly depends on the ordering of the precoded symbols. The optimal ordering algorithm, however, is impractical for multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) systems with multiple receive antennas due to the fact that the users are geographically distributed. In this paper, we propose a multi-branch THP (MB-THP) scheme and algorithms that employ multiple transmit processing and ordering strategies along with a selection scheme to mitigate interference in MU-MIMO systems. Two types of multi-branch THP (MB-THP) structures are proposed. The first one employs a decentralized strategy with diagonal weighted filters at the receivers of the users and the second uses a diagonal weighted filter at the transmitter. The MB-MMSE-THP algorithms are also derived based on an extended system model with the aid of an LQ decomposition, which is much simpler compared to the conventional MMSE-THP algorithms. Simulation results show that a better bit error rate (BER) performance can be achieved by the proposed MB-MMSE-THP precoder with a small computational complexity increase. |
| Author | Haardt, Martin Zu, Keke de Lamare, Rodrigo C. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Keke surname: Zu fullname: Zu, Keke email: zukeke@gmail.com organization: Univ. of York, York, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: Rodrigo C. surname: de Lamare fullname: de Lamare, Rodrigo C. email: kz511@york.ac.uk organization: Univ. of York, York, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: Martin surname: Haardt fullname: Haardt, Martin organization: Commun. Res. Lab., Ilmenau Univ. of Technol., Ilmenau, Germany |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28455434$$DView record in Pascal Francis |
| BookMark | eNqNkc1qGzEURkVJoc7PE3QjKIVuxr0aSSNNF4XUTZpABhfq7ApCliVbYUZKpfHCb185E7LIKqsL4txPl--copMQg0UIE5gTAu3X1WLZdfMaCJsDqXkZhELNyDs0I5zLCiQXJ2gG0ELVCCE_oNOcHwCAAaUz9Lfb96OvfiQdzA6v4tD7kGOobnTSeecHjX8na-LGhy3-abPfBuxiwt191d12S_znkEc75G94tbMxHbAOG3zZb2Py427I5-i90322F8_zDN1fX60WN9Xd8tft4vKuMlTAWDlYGyFbSh2DxhnZ2lpS66iTYu0YKVdvmvJKDbFWNE5wB8RwUbdmDcA3LT1DX6bcxxT_7W0e1eCzsX2vg437rAin0LYUGC3op1foQ9ynUK4rVClUENmIQn1-pnQ2unfHdnxWj6kUkg6qloxzRlnh5MSZFHNO1r0gBNRRj3rSo4561KRHTXrK6vdXq8aPevQxjEn7_i0BH6cAb619-bcRrBY1o_8BmrOfeg |
| CODEN | IECMBT |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1109_COMST_2017_2745052 crossref_primary_10_1049_tje2_12266 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2022_3231635 crossref_primary_10_1177_1550147717748910 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2020_3038353 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2015_12_001 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2014_2359438 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2021_3087651 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPROC_2018_2848363 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2022_3179780 crossref_primary_10_3390_s20102753 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13634_015_0193_2 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3124212 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIFS_2018_2837641 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2021_3065145 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2023_3345419 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13638_016_0755_5 crossref_primary_10_1049_cmu2_12069 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2014_12_002 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2019_2944224 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13638_018_1262_7 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3444696 crossref_primary_10_1049_iet_smt_2013_0281 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2014_2367577 crossref_primary_10_1049_iet_com_2017_0880 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2015_2401731 crossref_primary_10_1002_ett_3574 crossref_primary_10_1109_LCOMM_2016_2575821 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6213983 10.1109/4234.951380 10.1109/TSP.2007.893978 10.1109/TIT.1983.1056659 10.1109/TWC.2003.821148 10.1109/LCOMM.2012.041112.112185 10.1109/VETECS.2006.1683166 10.1109/TIT.2005.856935 10.1109/TCOMM.2013.090513.130038 10.1049/el:19710089 10.1109/TCOMM.2004.841997 10.1109/WSA.2012.6181234 10.1109/TCOMM.2006.885095 10.1109/WSA.2011.5741911 10.1109/TCOMM.2008.060209 10.1109/TCOMM.2010.05.090156 10.1109/MCOM.2012.6146493 10.1002/ett.1192 10.1109/TWC.2004.830852 10.1109/TWC.2013.092013.130233 10.1109/TCOM.1972.1091221 10.1109/TCOMM.2004.840638 10.1109/LCOMM.2008.060709 10.1109/ICC.2003.1203972 10.1109/ICASSP.2005.1415910 10.1109/TSP.2005.850352 10.1109/TVT.2010.2052293 10.1109/TSP.2005.850331 10.1109/WSA.2012.6181199 10.1109/TSP.2006.885713 10.1109/TCOMM.2011.051711.090120A 10.1109/TSP.2003.821107 10.1017/CBO9780511807213 10.1109/CJECE.2007.4413124 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2015 INIST-CNRS Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) Mar 2014 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2015 INIST-CNRS – notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) Mar 2014 |
| DBID | 97E RIA RIE AAYXX CITATION IQODW 7SP 8FD L7M F28 FR3 |
| DOI | 10.1109/TCOMM.2014.012514.130241 |
| DatabaseName | IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005–Present IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present IEEE Xplore CrossRef Pascal-Francis Electronics & Communications Abstracts Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering Engineering Research Database |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Electronics & Communications Abstracts Engineering Research Database ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering |
| DatabaseTitleList | Engineering Research Database Technology Research Database |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: RIE name: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ sourceTypes: Publisher |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering Applied Sciences |
| EISSN | 1558-0857 |
| EndPage | 951 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 3259478831 28455434 10_1109_TCOMM_2014_012514_130241 6742724 |
| Genre | orig-research |
| GroupedDBID | -~X .DC 0R~ 29I 3EH 4.4 5GY 5VS 6IK 85S 97E AAJGR AARMG AASAJ AAWTH ABAZT ABFSI ABQJQ ABVLG ACGFO ACGFS ACIWK ACKIV ACNCT AENEX AETIX AGQYO AGSQL AHBIQ AI. AIBXA AKJIK AKQYR ALLEH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ASUFR ATWAV BEFXN BFFAM BGNUA BKEBE BPEOZ CS3 DU5 E.L EBS EJD HZ~ H~9 IAAWW IBMZZ ICLAB IES IFIPE IFJZH IPLJI JAVBF LAI M43 MS~ O9- OCL P2P RIA RIE RNS TAE TN5 VH1 ZCA ZCG AAYXX CITATION AAYOK IQODW RIG 7SP 8FD L7M F28 FR3 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-f0bc78933f406fc89e283ef3f87bf41677d6c893c1ee76f75f01c5729cb005d93 |
| IEDL.DBID | RIE |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 56 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000334112900016&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0090-6778 |
| IngestDate | Thu Oct 02 12:00:08 EDT 2025 Mon Jun 30 10:21:57 EDT 2025 Wed Apr 02 07:25:24 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 01:41:33 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:03:06 EST 2025 Wed Aug 27 02:49:11 EDT 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 3 |
| Keywords | Performance evaluation Weighting filter Noise reduction Bit error rate Transmitter Mean square error Coding Ordering Selection criterion Pretreatment Receiving antenna Antenna array Multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) MIMO system Multiple access Optimal algorithm Coding circuit Systems theory Computational complexity Interference suppression Simulation Decentralized system Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) Signal processing Non linear processing multi-branch (MB) |
| Language | English |
| License | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html CC BY 4.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c370t-f0bc78933f406fc89e283ef3f87bf41677d6c893c1ee76f75f01c5729cb005d93 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
| PQID | 1511071867 |
| PQPubID | 85472 |
| PageCount | 13 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2014_012514_130241 crossref_citationtrail_10_1109_TCOMM_2014_012514_130241 proquest_journals_1511071867 pascalfrancis_primary_28455434 proquest_miscellaneous_1530993043 ieee_primary_6742724 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2014-03-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2014-03-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 03 year: 2014 text: 2014-03-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | New York, NY |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: New York, NY – name: New York |
| PublicationTitle | IEEE transactions on communications |
| PublicationTitleAbbrev | TCOMM |
| PublicationYear | 2014 |
| Publisher | IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher_xml | – name: IEEE – name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers – name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| References | ref13 ref34 ref12 ref37 ref36 fa (ref35) 2010 ref33 ref11 joham (ref20) 2005 ref32 ref10 golub (ref38) 1996 ref2 wübben (ref22) 0 ref1 ref39 ref17 ref16 windpassinger (ref3) 2004 ref18 joham (ref19) 0 liu (ref25) 2008; 57 varodayan (ref15) 2005 shiu (ref31) 0 ref46 ref24 paulraj (ref45) 2003 ref23 ref26 huang (ref30) 2008; 57 ref47 ref42 ref41 ref44 ref43 wübben (ref21) 0 ref28 ref27 ref29 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref6 ref5 fischer (ref14) 0 ref40 |
| References_xml | – year: 2010 ident: ref35 article-title: Multi-branch successive interference cancellation for MIMO spatial multiplexing systems: design, analysis and adaptive implementation publication-title: IET Commun – year: 0 ident: ref19 article-title: MMSE approaches to multiuser spatio-temporal Tomlinson-Harashima precoding publication-title: Proc 2004 ITG Conf Source and Channel Coding – ident: ref46 doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6213983 – ident: ref47 doi: 10.1109/4234.951380 – ident: ref41 doi: 10.1109/TSP.2007.893978 – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1109/TIT.1983.1056659 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1109/TWC.2003.821148 – ident: ref39 doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2012.041112.112185 – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2006.1683166 – volume: 57 year: 2008 ident: ref30 article-title: Analysis of Tomlinson-Harashima precoding in multiuser MIMO systems with imperfect channel state information publication-title: IEEE Trans Veh Technol – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1109/TIT.2005.856935 – start-page: 139 year: 0 ident: ref14 article-title: Space-time transmission using Tomlinson-Harashima precoding publication-title: Proc 2002 ITG Conf on Source and Channel Coding – ident: ref40 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2013.090513.130038 – year: 2004 ident: ref3 article-title: Detection and precoding for multiple input multiple output channels – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1049/el:19710089 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2004.841997 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.1109/WSA.2012.6181234 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2006.885095 – ident: ref32 doi: 10.1109/WSA.2011.5741911 – ident: ref34 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2008.060209 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2010.05.090156 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2012.6146493 – ident: ref42 doi: 10.1002/ett.1192 – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1109/TWC.2004.830852 – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1109/TWC.2013.092013.130233 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1109/TCOM.1972.1091221 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2004.840638 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2008.060709 – year: 0 ident: ref22 article-title: MMSE extension of V-BLAST based on sorted QR decomposition publication-title: Proc IEEE Veh Technol Conf 2003 Fall – year: 1996 ident: ref38 article-title: Matrix Computations. – start-page: 1220 year: 2005 ident: ref15 article-title: Trellis and convolutional precoding for transmitter based interference presubstration publication-title: IEEE Trans Commun – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1109/ICC.2003.1203972 – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1109/ICASSP.2005.1415910 – start-page: 399 year: 0 ident: ref21 article-title: Efficient algorithm for detecting layered space-time codes publication-title: Proc 2002 ITG Conf on Source and Channel Coding – year: 2003 ident: ref45 article-title: Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications. – ident: ref43 doi: 10.1109/TSP.2005.850352 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1109/TVT.2010.2052293 – year: 0 ident: ref31 article-title: Layered space-time codes for wireless communications using multiple transmit antennas publication-title: Proc 1999 IEEE Int Conf Commun – volume: 57 year: 2008 ident: ref25 article-title: A novel nonlinear joint transmitter-receiver processing algorithm for the downlink of multiuser MIMO systems publication-title: IEEE Trans Veh Technol – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1109/TSP.2005.850331 – ident: ref44 doi: 10.1109/WSA.2012.6181199 – ident: ref33 doi: 10.1109/TSP.2006.885713 – ident: ref36 doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2011.051711.090120A – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1109/TSP.2003.821107 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511807213 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1109/CJECE.2007.4413124 – year: 2005 ident: ref20 article-title: Ordered spatial Tomlinson-Harashima precoding publication-title: Smart Antennas-State-of-the-Art Ser EURASIP Book Series on Signal Processing and Communications |
| SSID | ssj0004033 |
| Score | 2.454935 |
| Snippet | Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) is a nonlinear processing technique employed at the transmit side which is a dual to the successive interference... |
| SourceID | proquest pascalfrancis crossref ieee |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 939 |
| SubjectTerms | Algorithm design and analysis Algorithms Antennas Applied sciences Bit error rate Coding, codes Computer science; control theory; systems Control theory. Systems Design engineering Detection, estimation, filtering, equalization, prediction Exact sciences and technology Information, signal and communications theory Interference MIMO multi-branch (MB) Multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) Optimization Order disorder Receivers Receiving antennas Signal and communications theory Signal, noise Silicon carbide Strategy System theory Systems, networks and services of telecommunications Telecommunications Telecommunications and information theory Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) Transmission and modulation (techniques and equipments) |
| Title | Multi-Branch Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding Design for MU-MIMO Systems: Theory and Algorithms |
| URI | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6742724 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1511071867 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1530993043 |
| Volume | 62 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000334112900016&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVIEE databaseName: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) customDbUrl: eissn: 1558-0857 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0004033 issn: 0090-6778 databaseCode: RIE dateStart: 19720101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ providerName: IEEE |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1Nb9QwEB21FQc48FUQgVIZiSNunTreSbiVQlUk0vawlXpAihzHppV2E7Qf_H5mnGygggPcosRWIj_b8yaeNwPwVqXeonVe2lppclCKRlpvasm5qYJrVG1sFAp_wfPz_Pq6uNyCd6MWxnsfg8_8AV_Gs_ymc2v-VXY4IT8Oj7Jt2EbEXqv1SwOp9JBxksPZMd9E7ajicHpyUZYcxZUdKLbnGZdAPsrSO6Yo1lbhyEi7pMEJfVWLPzboaHVOH_3f9z6GhwO7FMf9dHgCW759Cg9-yzm4C1-j5FZ-4FffiGk3n0X9lzyzC66rNLfikp1kNmniYwzvEMRrRXkly8_lhRgynL8Xvahf2LYRx7Nv3eJ2dTNfPoOr00_TkzM5lFiQTqNayaBqh0RZdCDDHlxeeKIbPuiQYx2IqyE2E7qrXeo9TgKaoFJniJA7Xr5NoZ_DTtu1_gUI0xgkTxsd9c0KZ3ImQ67gPUPXOjUJ4Ga0KzfkH-cyGLMq-iGqqCJOFeNU9ThVPU4JpGPP730Ojn_os8t4jO0HKBLYvwPw-JystGGVbQJ7G8SrYTUvK2JF5CVz6r8E3oyPaR3y4YptfbfmNprItlaZfvn3V7-C-_yZffzaHuysFmv_Gu65H6vb5WI_TuafDSbuAA |
| linkProvider | IEEE |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1NT9wwEB1RWqlwaKFQkZZSI_VYg7OO10lvlBYtYrNwWCQOlSzHsQvSboL2g9-Px8mmRe2hvUWJrUR-tudNPG8G4BOLrZbaWKoLxr2DkpVUW1FQzE3lTMkKoYNQeChHo_TmJrtag8-dFsZaG4LP7BFehrP8sjZL_FV23Pd-nOwlz-C5SJJe3Ki1fqkgGW9zTmJAu0xXcTssOx6fXuY5xnElRwwteoJFkHtJ_MQYheoqGBup5354XFPX4o8tOtids9f_98Vb8Krll-SkmRDbsGarN7D5W9bBHfgRRLf0K776lozr6SQowOhAz7Cy0lSTK3ST0aiRbyHAg3hmS_Jrmp_nl6TNcf6FNLJ-oquSnEx-1rO7xe10vgvXZ9_HpwPaFlmghku2oI4VRnrSwp037c6kmfWEwzruUlk4z9akLPv-LjextbLvpHAsNsJTcoMLuMz4W1iv6sruARGlkN7Xlsb3TTIjUqRDJsNdgxc8FhHI1Wgr02Ygx0IYExU8EZapgJNCnFSDk2pwiiDuet43WTj-oc8O4tG1b6GI4OAJwN1zb6cF6mwj2F8hrtr1PFeeF3k_GZP_RXDYPfYrEY9XdGXrJbbhnm5zlvB3f3_1R3g5GOdDNTwfXbyHDfzkJpptH9YXs6X9AC_Mw-JuPjsIE_sRllnxRw |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Multi-Branch+Tomlinson-Harashima+Precoding+Design+for+MU-MIMO+Systems%3A+Theory+and+Algorithms&rft.jtitle=IEEE+transactions+on+communications&rft.au=Zu%2C+Keke&rft.au=de+Lamare%2C+Rodrigo+C.&rft.au=Haardt%2C+Martin&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.pub=IEEE&rft.issn=0090-6778&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=939&rft.epage=951&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTCOMM.2014.012514.130241&rft.externalDocID=6742724 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0090-6778&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0090-6778&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0090-6778&client=summon |