Pathogenic conversion of Foxp3+ T cells into TH17 cells in autoimmune arthritis

Regulatory T (T reg ) cells exhibit substantial phenotypic and functional plasticity. Hiroshi Takayanagi and his colleagues report that in autoimmune arthritis, a subset of T reg cells can lose Foxp3 expression and convert into T H 17 cells. This conversion is mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived...

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Published in:Nature medicine Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 62 - 68
Main Authors: Komatsu, Noriko, Okamoto, Kazuo, Sawa, Shinichiro, Nakashima, Tomoki, Oh-hora, Masatsugu, Kodama, Tatsuhiko, Tanaka, Sakae, Bluestone, Jeffrey A, Takayanagi, Hiroshi
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.01.2014
Nature Publishing Group
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ISSN:1078-8956, 1546-170X, 1546-170X
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Abstract Regulatory T (T reg ) cells exhibit substantial phenotypic and functional plasticity. Hiroshi Takayanagi and his colleagues report that in autoimmune arthritis, a subset of T reg cells can lose Foxp3 expression and convert into T H 17 cells. This conversion is mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6, and in vivo , these cells are osteoclastogenic and exacerbate arthritis. These findings suggest that a proportion of pathogenic T H 17 cells in autoimmune disease may be derived from T reg cells. Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (T reg ) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (T H 17) cells; the origin of the latter cells remains largely unknown. Foxp3 is indispensable for the suppressive function of T reg cells, but the stability of Foxp3 has been under debate. Here we show that T H 17 cells originating from Foxp3 + T cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Under arthritic conditions, CD25 lo Foxp3 + CD4 + T cells lose Foxp3 expression (herein called exFoxp3 cells) and undergo transdifferentiation into T H 17 cells. Fate mapping analysis showed that IL-17–expressing exFoxp3 T (exFoxp3 T H 17) cells accumulated in inflamed joints. The conversion of Foxp3 + CD4 + T cells to T H 17 cells was mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6. These exFoxp3 T H 17 cells were more potent osteoclastogenic T cells than were naive CD4 + T cell–derived T H 17 cells. Notably, exFoxp3 T H 17 cells were characterized by the expression of Sox4, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, also called TNFSF11). Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25 lo Foxp3 + CD4 + T cells into mice followed by secondary immunization with collagen accelerated the onset and increased the severity of arthritis and was associated with the loss of Foxp3 expression in the majority of transferred T cells. We observed IL-17 + Foxp3 + T cells in the synovium of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests that plastic Foxp3 + T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. These findings establish the pathological importance of Foxp3 instability in the generation of pathogenic T H 17 cells in autoimmunity.
AbstractList Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (Treg) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (TH17) cells; the origin of the latter cells remains largely unknown. Foxp3 is indispensable for the suppressive function of Treg cells, but the stability of Foxp3 has been under debate. Here we show that TH17 cells originating from Foxp3(+) T cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Under arthritic conditions, CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells lose Foxp3 expression (herein called exFoxp3 cells) and undergo transdifferentiation into TH17 cells. Fate mapping analysis showed that IL-17-expressing exFoxp3 T (exFoxp3 TH17) cells accumulated in inflamed joints. The conversion of Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells to TH17 cells was mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6. These exFoxp3 TH17 cells were more potent osteoclastogenic T cells than were naive CD4(+) T cell-derived TH17 cells. Notably, exFoxp3 TH17 cells were characterized by the expression of Sox4, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, also called TNFSF11). Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells into mice followed by secondary immunization with collagen accelerated the onset and increased the severity of arthritis and was associated with the loss of Foxp3 expression in the majority of transferred T cells. We observed IL-17(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in the synovium of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests that plastic Foxp3(+) T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. These findings establish the pathological importance of Foxp3 instability in the generation of pathogenic TH17 cells in autoimmunity.
Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (Treg) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (TH17) cells; the origin of the latter cells remains largely unknown. Foxp3 is indispensable for the suppressive function of Treg cells, but the stability of Foxp3 has been under debate. Here we show that TH17 cells originating from Foxp3+ T cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Under arthritic conditions, CD25loFoxp3+CD4+ T cells lose Foxp3 expression (herein called exFoxp3 cells) and undergo transdifferentiation into TH17 cells. Fate mapping analysis showed that IL-17–expressing exFoxp3 T (exFoxp3 TH17) cells accumulated in inflamed joints. The conversion of Foxp3+CD4+ T cells to TH17 cells was mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6. These exFoxp3 TH17 cells were more potent osteoclastogenic T cells than were naive CD4+ T cell–derived TH17 cells. Notably, exFoxp3 TH17 cells were characterized by the expression of Sox4, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, also called TNFSF11). Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25loFoxp3+CD4+ T cells into mice followed by secondary immunization with collagen accelerated the onset and increased the severity of arthritis and was associated with the loss of Foxp3 expression in the majority of transferred T cells. We observed IL-17+Foxp3+ T cells in the synovium of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests that plastic Foxp3+ T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. These findings establish the pathological importance of Foxp3 instability in the generation of pathogenic TH17 cells in autoimmunity.
Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (Treg) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (TH17) cells; the origin of the latter cells remains largely unknown. Foxp3 is indispensable for the suppressive function of Treg cells, but the stability of Foxp3 has been under debate. Here we show that TH17 cells originating from Foxp3(+) T cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Under arthritic conditions, CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells lose Foxp3 expression (herein called exFoxp3 cells) and undergo transdifferentiation into TH17 cells. Fate mapping analysis showed that IL-17-expressing exFoxp3 T (exFoxp3 TH17) cells accumulated in inflamed joints. The conversion of Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells to TH17 cells was mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6. These exFoxp3 TH17 cells were more potent osteoclastogenic T cells than were naive CD4(+) T cell-derived TH17 cells. Notably, exFoxp3 TH17 cells were characterized by the expression of Sox4, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, also called TNFSF11). Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells into mice followed by secondary immunization with collagen accelerated the onset and increased the severity of arthritis and was associated with the loss of Foxp3 expression in the majority of transferred T cells. We observed IL-17(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in the synovium of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests that plastic Foxp3(+) T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. These findings establish the pathological importance of Foxp3 instability in the generation of pathogenic TH17 cells in autoimmunity.Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (Treg) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (TH17) cells; the origin of the latter cells remains largely unknown. Foxp3 is indispensable for the suppressive function of Treg cells, but the stability of Foxp3 has been under debate. Here we show that TH17 cells originating from Foxp3(+) T cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Under arthritic conditions, CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells lose Foxp3 expression (herein called exFoxp3 cells) and undergo transdifferentiation into TH17 cells. Fate mapping analysis showed that IL-17-expressing exFoxp3 T (exFoxp3 TH17) cells accumulated in inflamed joints. The conversion of Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells to TH17 cells was mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6. These exFoxp3 TH17 cells were more potent osteoclastogenic T cells than were naive CD4(+) T cell-derived TH17 cells. Notably, exFoxp3 TH17 cells were characterized by the expression of Sox4, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, also called TNFSF11). Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells into mice followed by secondary immunization with collagen accelerated the onset and increased the severity of arthritis and was associated with the loss of Foxp3 expression in the majority of transferred T cells. We observed IL-17(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in the synovium of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests that plastic Foxp3(+) T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. These findings establish the pathological importance of Foxp3 instability in the generation of pathogenic TH17 cells in autoimmunity.
Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (Treg) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (TH17) cells; the origin of the latter cells remains largely unknown. Foxp3 is indispensable for the suppressive function of Treg cells, but the stability of Foxp3 has been under debate. Here we show that TH17 cells originating from Foxp3(+) T cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Under arthritic conditions, CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells lose Foxp3 expression (herein called exFoxp3 cells) and undergo transdifferentiation into TH17 cells. Fate mapping analysis showed that IL-17-expressing exFoxp3 T (exFoxp3 TH17) cells accumulated in inflamed joints. The conversion of Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells to TH17 cells was mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6. These exFoxp3 TH17 cells were more potent osteoclastogenic T cells than were naive CD4(+) T cell-derived TH17 cells. Notably, exFoxp3 TH17 cells were characterized by the expression of Sox4, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, also called TNFSF11). Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+) T cells into mice followed by secondary immunization with collagen accelerated the onset and increased the severity of arthritis and was associated with the loss of Foxp3 expression in the majority of transferred T cells. We observed IL-17(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in the synovium of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests that plastic Foxp3(+) T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. These findings establish the pathological importance of Foxp3 instability in the generation of pathogenic TH17 cells in autoimmunity. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Regulatory T (T reg ) cells exhibit substantial phenotypic and functional plasticity. Hiroshi Takayanagi and his colleagues report that in autoimmune arthritis, a subset of T reg cells can lose Foxp3 expression and convert into T H 17 cells. This conversion is mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6, and in vivo , these cells are osteoclastogenic and exacerbate arthritis. These findings suggest that a proportion of pathogenic T H 17 cells in autoimmune disease may be derived from T reg cells. Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (T reg ) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (T H 17) cells; the origin of the latter cells remains largely unknown. Foxp3 is indispensable for the suppressive function of T reg cells, but the stability of Foxp3 has been under debate. Here we show that T H 17 cells originating from Foxp3 + T cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Under arthritic conditions, CD25 lo Foxp3 + CD4 + T cells lose Foxp3 expression (herein called exFoxp3 cells) and undergo transdifferentiation into T H 17 cells. Fate mapping analysis showed that IL-17–expressing exFoxp3 T (exFoxp3 T H 17) cells accumulated in inflamed joints. The conversion of Foxp3 + CD4 + T cells to T H 17 cells was mediated by synovial fibroblast-derived IL-6. These exFoxp3 T H 17 cells were more potent osteoclastogenic T cells than were naive CD4 + T cell–derived T H 17 cells. Notably, exFoxp3 T H 17 cells were characterized by the expression of Sox4, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL, also called TNFSF11). Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25 lo Foxp3 + CD4 + T cells into mice followed by secondary immunization with collagen accelerated the onset and increased the severity of arthritis and was associated with the loss of Foxp3 expression in the majority of transferred T cells. We observed IL-17 + Foxp3 + T cells in the synovium of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests that plastic Foxp3 + T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. These findings establish the pathological importance of Foxp3 instability in the generation of pathogenic T H 17 cells in autoimmunity.
Author Nakashima, Tomoki
Takayanagi, Hiroshi
Oh-hora, Masatsugu
Okamoto, Kazuo
Kodama, Tatsuhiko
Komatsu, Noriko
Tanaka, Sakae
Bluestone, Jeffrey A
Sawa, Shinichiro
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Noriko
  surname: Komatsu
  fullname: Komatsu, Noriko
  organization: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, Takayanagi Osteonetwork Project, Bunkyo-ku
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Kazuo
  surname: Okamoto
  fullname: Okamoto, Kazuo
  organization: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, Takayanagi Osteonetwork Project, Bunkyo-ku
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Shinichiro
  surname: Sawa
  fullname: Sawa, Shinichiro
  organization: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, Takayanagi Osteonetwork Project, Bunkyo-ku
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Tomoki
  surname: Nakashima
  fullname: Nakashima, Tomoki
  organization: Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, Takayanagi Osteonetwork Project, Bunkyo-ku, Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, JST, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology Program, Bunkyo-ku
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Masatsugu
  surname: Oh-hora
  fullname: Oh-hora, Masatsugu
  organization: Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, JST, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology Program, Bunkyo-ku, Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Bunkyo-ku
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Tatsuhiko
  surname: Kodama
  fullname: Kodama, Tatsuhiko
  organization: Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Sakae
  surname: Tanaka
  fullname: Tanaka, Sakae
  organization: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Jeffrey A
  surname: Bluestone
  fullname: Bluestone, Jeffrey A
  organization: Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Hiroshi
  surname: Takayanagi
  fullname: Takayanagi, Hiroshi
  email: takayana@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp
  organization: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, Takayanagi Osteonetwork Project, Bunkyo-ku, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24362934$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet Regulatory T (T reg ) cells exhibit substantial phenotypic and functional plasticity. Hiroshi Takayanagi and his colleagues report that in autoimmune...
Autoimmune diseases often result from an imbalance between regulatory T (Treg) cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (TH17) cells; the origin of...
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SubjectTerms 631/250/38
Adoptive Transfer
Animals
Antigens
Arthritis
Arthritis - immunology
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune Diseases - immunology
Biomedical materials
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
CCL20 protein
CCR6 protein
CD25 antigen
CD4 antigen
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - cytology
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism
Cell Differentiation - immunology
Cell fate
Chemokines
Collagen
Conversion
Cytokines
Fate maps
Flow Cytometry
Forkhead Transcription Factors - immunology
Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism
Foxp3 protein
Gene Knock-In Techniques
Helper cells
Humans
Immunization
Infectious Diseases
Inflammation
Interleukin 17
Interleukin 23
Interleukin 6
Joint diseases
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Mapping
Metabolic Diseases
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Molecular Medicine
Neurosciences
NF-κB protein
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Pathogenesis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Synovial Membrane - cytology
Synovial Membrane - immunology
Synovium
T cell receptors
Th17 Cells - cytology
Th17 Cells - immunology
TRANCE protein
Title Pathogenic conversion of Foxp3+ T cells into TH17 cells in autoimmune arthritis
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