Optimising Root and Grain Yield Through Variety Selection in Winter Wheat Across a European Climate Gradient

ABSTRACT Ensuring food security through sustainable practices while reducing greenhouse gas emissions are key challenges in modern agriculture. Utilising genetic variability within a crop species to identify varieties with higher root biomass carbon (C) could help address these challenges. It is thu...

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Veröffentlicht in:European journal of soil science Jg. 76; H. 2
Hauptverfasser: Heinemann, H., Durand‐Maniclas, F., Seidel, F., Ciulla, F., Bárcena, T. G., Camenzind, M., Corrado, S., Csűrös, Z., Czakó, Zs, Eylenbosch, D., Ficke, A., Flamm, C., Herrera, J. M., Horáková, V., Hund, A., Lüddeke, F., Platz, F., Poós, B., Rasse, D., Silva‐Lopes, M., Toleikiene, M., Veršulienė, A., Visse‐Mansiaux, M., Yu, K., Hirte, J., Don, A.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2025
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Schlagworte:
belowground biomass
Biomass
biomass production
carbon
carbon sequestration
climate
climate change mitigation
Crop yield
crops
Depth
EJP SOIL
Emissions
Emissions control
environment × genotype
Environmental conditions
Food security
Genetic diversity
Genetic variability
Genetic variation
Grain
grain yield
Greenhouse gases
Norway
root biomass carbon
root depth distribution
Root distribution
root‐to‐shoot ratio
Soil depth
Spain
subsoil
Subsoils
Sustainable practices
Triticum aestivum
Wheat
Winter wheat
Norway
Spain
ISSN:1351-0754, 1365-2389
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT Ensuring food security through sustainable practices while reducing greenhouse gas emissions are key challenges in modern agriculture. Utilising genetic variability within a crop species to identify varieties with higher root biomass carbon (C) could help address these challenges. It is thus crucial to quantify and understand intra‐specific above‐ and belowground performance under varying environmental conditions. The study objectives were to: (a) quantify root biomass and depth distribution in different winter wheat varieties under various pedoclimatic conditions, (b) investigate the influence of variety and pedoclimatic conditions on the relationship between above‐ and belowground biomass production, and (c) assess whether optimised winter wheat variety selection can lead to both greater root biomass C and yield, boosting C accrual. Root biomass, root distribution to 1 m soil depth and root‐to‐shoot ratios were assessed in 10 different winter wheat varieties grown at 11 experimental sites covering a European climatic gradient from Spain to Norway. Median root biomass down to 1 m depth was 1.4 ± 0.7 Mg ha−1. The primary explanatory factor was site, accounting for 60% of the variation in root biomass production, while the genetic diversity between wheat varieties explained 9.5%. Precipitation had a significantly negative effect on total root biomass, especially in subsoil. Significant differences were also observed between varieties in root‐to‐shoot ratios and grain yield. The difference between the variety with the lowest root biomass and the one with the highest across sites was on average 0.9 Mg ha−1 which is an increase of 45%. Pedoclimatic conditions had a greater influence than variety, and determined the relationship's direction between root biomass and grain yield. A site‐specific approach is, therefore, needed to realise the full potential for increased root biomass and yield offered by optimised variety selection.
Bibliographie:Funding
This work was supported by EJP Soil [MaxRoot‐C] project (which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 862695). Horizon 2020 INVITE project (which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement No. 817970).
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ISSN:1351-0754
1365-2389
DOI:10.1111/ejss.70077