A multiobjective genetic algorithm approach to the optimization of the technical specifications of a nuclear safety system

Systems, structures, and components of Nuclear Power Plants are subject to Technical Specifications (TSs) that establish operational limitations and maintenance and test requirements with the objective of keeping the risk associated to the plant within the limits imposed by the regulatory agencies....

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Veröffentlicht in:	Reliability engineering & system safety Jg. 84; H. 1; S. 87 - 99
Hauptverfasser:	Marseguerra, Marzio, Zio, Enrico, Podofillini, Luca
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2004
Schlagworte:	Allowable bypass time Estimation uncertainties Genetic algorithm Multiobjective optimization Nuclear safety system Reactor protection instrumentation system Risk-informed decision-making Technical specifications Estimation uncertainties Allowable bypass time Nuclear safety system Technical specifications Genetic algorithm Multiobjective optimization Risk-informed decision-making Reactor protection instrumentation system
ISSN:	0951-8320, 1879-0836
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Abstract	Systems, structures, and components of Nuclear Power Plants are subject to Technical Specifications (TSs) that establish operational limitations and maintenance and test requirements with the objective of keeping the risk associated to the plant within the limits imposed by the regulatory agencies. Recently, in an effort to improve the competitiveness of nuclear energy in a deregulated market, modifications to maintenance policies and TSs are being considered within a risk-informed viewpoint, which judges the effectiveness of a TS, e.g. a particular maintenance policy, with respect to its implications on the safety and economics of the system operation. In this regard, a recent policy statement of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission declares appropriate the use of Probabilistic Risk Assessment models to evaluate the effects on the system of a particular TS. These models rely on a set of parameters at the component level (failure rates, repair rates, frequencies of failure on demand, human error rates, inspection durations, and others) whose values are typically affected by uncertainties. Thus, the estimate of the system performance parameters corresponding to a given TS value must be supported by some measure of the associated uncertainty. In this paper we propose an approach, based on the effective coupling of genetic algorithms and Monte Carlo simulation, for the multiobjective optimization of the TSs of nuclear safety systems. The method transparently and explicitly accounts for the uncertainties in the model parameters by attempting to minimize both the expected value of the system unavailability and its associated variance. The costs of the alternative TSs solutions are included as constraints in the optimization. An application to the Reactor Protection Instrumentation System of a Pressurized Water Reactor is demonstrated.
AbstractList	Systems, structures, and components of Nuclear Power Plants are subject to Technical Specifications (TSs) that establish operational limitations and maintenance and test requirements with the objective of keeping the risk associated to the plant within the limits imposed by the regulatory agencies. Recently, in an effort to improve the competitiveness of nuclear energy in a deregulated market, modifications to maintenance policies and TSs are being considered within a risk-informed viewpoint, which judges the effectiveness of a TS, e.g. a particular maintenance policy, with respect to its implications on the safety and economics of the system operation. In this regard, a recent policy statement of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission declares appropriate the use of Probabilistic Risk Assessment models to evaluate the effects on the system of a particular TS. These models rely on a set of parameters at the component level (failure rates, repair rates, frequencies of failure on demand, human error rates, inspection durations, and others) whose values are typically affected by uncertainties. Thus, the estimate of the system performance parameters corresponding to a given TS value must be supported by some measure of the associated uncertainty. In this paper we propose an approach, based on the effective coupling of genetic algorithms and Monte Carlo simulation, for the multiobjective optimization of the TSs of nuclear safety systems. The method transparently and explicitly accounts for the uncertainties in the model parameters by attempting to minimize both the expected value of the system unavailability and its associated variance. The costs of the alternative TSs solutions are included as constraints in the optimization. An application to the Reactor Protection Instrumentation System of a Pressurized Water Reactor is demonstrated. Systems, structures, and components of Nuclear Power Plants are subject to Technical Specifications (TSs) that establish operational limitations and maintenance and test requirements with the objective of keeping the risk associated to the plant within the limits imposed by the regulatory agencies. Recently, in an effort to improve the competitiveness of nuclear energy in a deregulated market, modifications to maintenance policies and TSs are being considered within a risk-informed viewpoint, which judges the effectiveness of a TS, e.g. a particular maintenance policy, with respect to its implications on the safety and economics of the system operation. In this regard, a recent policy statement of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission declares appropriate the use of Probabilistic Risk Assessment models to evaluate the effects on the system of a particular TS. These models rely on a set of parameters at the component level (failure rates, repair rates, frequencies of failure on demand, human error rates, inspection durations, and others) whose values are typically affected by uncertainties. Thus, the estimate of the system performance parameters corresponding to a given TS value must be supported by some measure of the associated uncertainty. In this paper we propose an approach, based on the effective coupling of genetic algorithms and Monte Carlo simulation, for the multiobjective optimization of the TSs of nuclear safety systems. The method transparently and explicitly accounts for the uncertainties in the model parameters by attempting to minimize both the expected value of the system unavailability and its associated variance. The costs of the alternative TSs solutions are included as constraints in the optimization. An application to the Reactor Protection Instrumentation System of a Pressurized Water Reactor is demonstrated.
Author	Podofillini, Luca Marseguerra, Marzio Zio, Enrico
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Marzio surname: Marseguerra fullname: Marseguerra, Marzio email: marzio.marseguerra@polimi.it – sequence: 2 givenname: Enrico surname: Zio fullname: Zio, Enrico email: enrico.zio@polimi.it – sequence: 3 givenname: Luca surname: Podofillini fullname: Podofillini, Luca email: luca.podofillini@polimi.it
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Cites_doi	10.1109/24.693781 10.13182/NT96-A35215 10.1109/72.265956 10.1016/S0951-8320(99)00074-5 10.1016/S0306-4549(99)00065-1 10.1016/0951-8320(93)90019-U 10.13182/NT00-A3149 10.13182/NSE96-A24233 10.1162/evco.1994.2.3.221 10.13182/NSE87-A20446 10.13182/NT00-A3097 10.1016/S0951-8320(98)00038-6 10.1016/S0951-8320(02)00043-1 10.13182/NT86-A33830 10.1016/S0951-8320(00)00007-7 10.1109/4235.797969 10.1016/S0951-8320(97)00031-8 10.1162/evco.1995.3.1.1 10.1016/S0951-8320(00)00109-5 10.1109/RAMS.1997.571719
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Keywords	Estimation uncertainties Allowable bypass time Nuclear safety system Technical specifications Genetic algorithm Multiobjective optimization Risk-informed decision-making Reactor protection instrumentation system
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Snippet	Systems, structures, and components of Nuclear Power Plants are subject to Technical Specifications (TSs) that establish operational limitations and...
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SubjectTerms	Allowable bypass time Estimation uncertainties Genetic algorithm Multiobjective optimization Nuclear safety system Reactor protection instrumentation system Risk-informed decision-making Technical specifications
Title	A multiobjective genetic algorithm approach to the optimization of the technical specifications of a nuclear safety system
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