Model-Validation and Implementation of a Path-Following Algorithm in an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

This article studies the design, modeling, and implementation of a path-following algorithm as a guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) architecture for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). First, a mathematical model is developed based on nonlinear equations of motion and parameter estimation t...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:Applied sciences Ročník 11; číslo 24; s. 11891
Hlavní autoři: Villa, Jose, Vallicrosa, Guillem, Aaltonen, Jussi, Ridao, Pere, Koskinen, Kari T.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2021
Témata:
ISSN:2076-3417, 2076-3417
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract This article studies the design, modeling, and implementation of a path-following algorithm as a guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) architecture for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). First, a mathematical model is developed based on nonlinear equations of motion and parameter estimation techniques, including the model validation based on field test data. Then, the guidance system incorporates a line-of-sight (LOS) algorithm with a combination of position PID controllers. The GNC architecture includes a modular and multi-layer approach with an LOS-based, path-following algorithm in the AUV platform. Furthermore, the navigation used in the path-following algorithm is developed based on a predefined coverage area. Finally, this study addresses simulation and field test control scenarios to verify the developed GNC architecture.
AbstractList This article studies the design, modeling, and implementation of a path-following algorithm as a guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) architecture for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). First, a mathematical model is developed based on nonlinear equations of motion and parameter estimation techniques, including the model validation based on field test data. Then, the guidance system incorporates a line-of-sight (LOS) algorithm with a combination of position PID controllers. The GNC architecture includes a modular and multi-layer approach with an LOS-based, path-following algorithm in the AUV platform. Furthermore, the navigation used in the path-following algorithm is developed based on a predefined coverage area. Finally, this study addresses simulation and field test control scenarios to verify the developed GNC architecture.
Author Villa, Jose
Ridao, Pere
Vallicrosa, Guillem
Koskinen, Kari T.
Aaltonen, Jussi
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Jose
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3965-2140
  surname: Villa
  fullname: Villa, Jose
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Guillem
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5942-1895
  surname: Vallicrosa
  fullname: Vallicrosa, Guillem
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Jussi
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9867-1990
  surname: Aaltonen
  fullname: Aaltonen, Jussi
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Pere
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1724-3012
  surname: Ridao
  fullname: Ridao, Pere
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Kari T.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8538-8184
  surname: Koskinen
  fullname: Koskinen, Kari T.
BookMark eNptUU1r3DAUFCWBpmlu-QGCXutUH7YlH5fQNAsp7aHJVTzrY1eLLLmylpB_X23dQigVAj2GmXmj996hs5iiReiakhvOB_IJ5plS1lIqB_oGXTAi-oa3VJy9qt-iq2U5kHoGyiUlF8h-TcaG5gmCN1B8ihiiwdtpDnaysaxQchjwdyj75i6FkJ593OFN2KXsy37C_qTBm2NJMU3puODHaGx-hmIzfrJ7r4N9j84dhMVe_Xkv0ePd5x-3983Dty_b281Do3kvSjNqBo7KzpFR01ZT3Y1culEC7erlpDeadYQLMrR2BCPAdJ0hYLv6G-il5pdou_qaBAc1Zz9BflEJvPoNpLxTkMspkeqk7SlYySgXLRP9CAIG56yTrda1TfX6sHrNOf082qWoQzrmWOMr1lMm2rYOtLLYytI5LUu2Tmm_Tq1k8EFRok7bUa-3U0Uf_xH9jfpf-i8NgJL6
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1177_14750902241305692
Cites_doi 10.1016/S1001-6058(11)60311-9
10.1007/978-1-4612-1768-8_11
10.1109/AUV.2018.8729736
10.1109/TMECH.2011.2174065
10.1109/TMECH.2020.2997970
10.1007/978-1-4471-1273-0_32
10.1109/JOE.2002.805098
10.1109/TCST.2014.2338354
10.1109/JOE.2019.2930421
10.1109/ICRA.2019.8794047
10.1007/978-1-4613-1419-6_2
10.1109/IEEECONF38699.2020.9389247
10.1002/rob.21554
10.1109/TMECH.2016.2612689
10.3390/rs12244106
10.1007/978-3-319-02877-4
10.1016/j.automatica.2014.10.018
10.21236/AD0659053
10.1007/s00773-009-0055-4
10.1007/s40815-017-0386-y
10.1109/MED.2016.7536018
10.1109/JOE.1993.236372
10.1109/70.59357
10.1016/j.robot.2013.09.004
10.1109/OCEANS.2018.8604584
10.1177/027836402320556359
10.1002/9781119994138
10.1007/s10514-015-9511-7
10.1109/TCST.2016.2613969
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
CCPQU
DWQXO
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PKEHL
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
DOA
DOI 10.3390/app112411891
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
DatabaseTitleList Publicly Available Content Database

CrossRef
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: ProQuest Publicly Available Content Database
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Sciences (General)
EISSN 2076-3417
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_58e61ae821374276ba7a9ffef84ccc25
10_3390_app112411891
GroupedDBID .4S
2XV
5VS
7XC
8CJ
8FE
8FG
8FH
AADQD
AAFWJ
AAYXX
ADBBV
ADMLS
AFFHD
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFZYC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
APEBS
ARCSS
BCNDV
BENPR
CCPQU
CITATION
CZ9
D1I
D1J
D1K
GROUPED_DOAJ
IAO
IGS
ITC
K6-
K6V
KC.
KQ8
L6V
LK5
LK8
M7R
MODMG
M~E
OK1
P62
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PROAC
TUS
ABUWG
AZQEC
DWQXO
PKEHL
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c367t-bc2af185f0bc14c1c5b38fb8a15a15306dc25037094ebad7ad55d0ae5913a68c3
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount 1
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000735829400001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2076-3417
IngestDate Tue Oct 14 18:59:25 EDT 2025
Mon Jun 30 07:29:23 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:21:22 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:34:29 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 24
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c367t-bc2af185f0bc14c1c5b38fb8a15a15306dc25037094ebad7ad55d0ae5913a68c3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ORCID 0000-0001-5942-1895
0000-0002-3965-2140
0000-0002-8538-8184
0000-0002-9867-1990
0000-0002-1724-3012
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/58e61ae821374276ba7a9ffef84ccc25
PQID 2612744417
PQPubID 2032433
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_58e61ae821374276ba7a9ffef84ccc25
proquest_journals_2612744417
crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_app112411891
crossref_primary_10_3390_app112411891
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2021-12-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-12-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2021
  text: 2021-12-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Basel
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Basel
PublicationTitle Applied sciences
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher MDPI AG
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
References ref_36
ref_13
Ribas (ref_29) 2011; 17
Quigley (ref_30) 2009; Volume 3
ref_35
ref_12
ref_34
ref_33
ref_10
ref_31
Palomeras (ref_32) 2016; 40
ref_19
ref_16
ref_38
Fossen (ref_1) 2006; 69
Healey (ref_37) 1993; 18
Liang (ref_22) 2018; 20
Cardenas (ref_8) 2019; 45
Fossen (ref_17) 2014; 50
Villa (ref_11) 2020; 25
Tang (ref_14) 2009; 14
ref_25
ref_24
Rout (ref_20) 2016; 25
Shen (ref_21) 2016; 22
Galceran (ref_27) 2015; 32
Galceran (ref_23) 2013; 61
Fossen (ref_18) 2014; 23
Lumelsky (ref_39) 1990; 6
ref_41
Kim (ref_7) 2002; 27
ref_3
ref_2
ref_28
ref_26
Acar (ref_40) 2002; 21
ref_9
Pan (ref_15) 2012; 24
ref_5
ref_4
ref_6
References_xml – volume: 24
  start-page: 840
  year: 2012
  ident: ref_15
  article-title: Numerical prediction of submarine hydrodynamic coefficients using CFD simulation
  publication-title: J. Hydrodyn.
  doi: 10.1016/S1001-6058(11)60311-9
– ident: ref_9
– ident: ref_6
  doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-1768-8_11
– ident: ref_25
  doi: 10.1109/AUV.2018.8729736
– ident: ref_5
– ident: ref_3
– volume: 17
  start-page: 46
  year: 2011
  ident: ref_29
  article-title: Girona 500 auv: From survey to intervention
  publication-title: IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron.
  doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2011.2174065
– ident: ref_34
– volume: Volume 3
  start-page: 5
  year: 2009
  ident: ref_30
  article-title: ROS: An open-source Robot Operating System
  publication-title: Proceedings of the ICRA Workshop on Open Source Software
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1812
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_11
  article-title: Path-Following with LiDAR-based Obstacle Avoidance of an Unmanned Surface Vehicle in Harbor Conditions
  publication-title: IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron.
  doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2020.2997970
– ident: ref_24
  doi: 10.1007/978-1-4471-1273-0_32
– volume: 27
  start-page: 830
  year: 2002
  ident: ref_7
  article-title: Estimation of hydrodynamic coefficients for an AUV using nonlinear observers
  publication-title: IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/JOE.2002.805098
– volume: 23
  start-page: 820
  year: 2014
  ident: ref_18
  article-title: Line-of-sight path following for dubins paths with adaptive sideslip compensation of drift forces
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TCST.2014.2338354
– volume: 45
  start-page: 1157
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_8
  article-title: Estimation of AUV hydrodynamic coefficients using analytical and system identification approaches
  publication-title: IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/JOE.2019.2930421
– ident: ref_13
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2019.8794047
– ident: ref_26
  doi: 10.1007/978-1-4613-1419-6_2
– ident: ref_28
  doi: 10.1109/IEEECONF38699.2020.9389247
– volume: 32
  start-page: 952
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_27
  article-title: Coverage path planning with real-time replanning and surface reconstruction for inspection of three-dimensional underwater structures using autonomous underwater vehicles
  publication-title: J. Field Robot.
  doi: 10.1002/rob.21554
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1163
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_21
  article-title: Integrated path planning and tracking control of an AUV: A unified receding horizon optimization approach
  publication-title: IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron.
  doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2016.2612689
– ident: ref_12
  doi: 10.3390/rs12244106
– ident: ref_31
– ident: ref_35
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-02877-4
– volume: 50
  start-page: 2912
  year: 2014
  ident: ref_17
  article-title: On uniform semiglobal exponential stability (USGES) of proportional line-of-sight guidance laws
  publication-title: Automatica
  doi: 10.1016/j.automatica.2014.10.018
– ident: ref_33
– ident: ref_2
  doi: 10.21236/AD0659053
– ident: ref_10
– volume: 14
  start-page: 373
  year: 2009
  ident: ref_14
  article-title: Estimation of the hydrodynamic coefficients of the complex-shaped autonomous underwater vehicle TUNA-SAND
  publication-title: J. Mar. Sci. Technol.
  doi: 10.1007/s00773-009-0055-4
– volume: 20
  start-page: 640
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_22
  article-title: Three-dimensional path following of an underactuated AUV based on fuzzy backstepping sliding mode control
  publication-title: Int. J. Fuzzy Syst.
  doi: 10.1007/s40815-017-0386-y
– ident: ref_19
  doi: 10.1109/MED.2016.7536018
– ident: ref_41
– volume: 18
  start-page: 327
  year: 1993
  ident: ref_37
  article-title: Multivariable sliding mode control for autonomous diving and steering of unmanned underwater vehicles
  publication-title: IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/JOE.1993.236372
– volume: 6
  start-page: 462
  year: 1990
  ident: ref_39
  article-title: Dynamic path planning in sensor-based terrain acquisition
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom.
  doi: 10.1109/70.59357
– ident: ref_38
– volume: 61
  start-page: 1258
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_23
  article-title: A survey on coverage path planning for robotics
  publication-title: Robot. Auton. Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2013.09.004
– ident: ref_36
– ident: ref_4
  doi: 10.1109/OCEANS.2018.8604584
– volume: 21
  start-page: 331
  year: 2002
  ident: ref_40
  article-title: Morse decompositions for coverage tasks
  publication-title: Int. J. Robot. Res.
  doi: 10.1177/027836402320556359
– volume: 69
  start-page: 13
  year: 2006
  ident: ref_1
  article-title: Nonlinear modelling, identification and control of UUVs
  publication-title: IEE Control Eng. Ser.
– ident: ref_16
  doi: 10.1002/9781119994138
– volume: 40
  start-page: 1279
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_32
  article-title: Toward persistent autonomous intervention in a subsea panel
  publication-title: Auton. Robot.
  doi: 10.1007/s10514-015-9511-7
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1529
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_20
  article-title: NARMAX self-tuning controller for line-of-sight-based waypoint tracking for an autonomous underwater vehicle
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TCST.2016.2613969
SSID ssj0000913810
Score 2.2161515
Snippet This article studies the design, modeling, and implementation of a path-following algorithm as a guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) architecture for an...
SourceID doaj
proquest
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
StartPage 11891
SubjectTerms Algorithms
Autonomous underwater vehicles
AUV
Controllers
Field study
GNC
Mathematical models
MATLAB-Simulink
Methods
model-validation
Ocean currents
Parameter estimation
path-following
ROS
Sensors
Simulation
Software
Vehicles
Velocity
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3BTtwwEB210EM50EKLukArH4rUqrK6iePYOaGlYtXTalUVxC2yHRuQloRusvD7zGS9C1XVXirllDiRkxnPPNuT9wA-5iYUwmaBaxMEz_zQcSNl4Ea5ChNGyLVwvdiEmkz0xUUxjQtubSyrXMXEPlBXjaM18q9EdaUyEsw6vv3FSTWKdlejhMZz2CSmMvTzzZPTyfTHepWFWC91MlxWvAuc39O-MEKMDHF1kfyWi3rK_j8icp9mxq_-t4OvYTsCTDZaesQOPPP1Lmw9oR3chZ04oFv2KbJOf34DnlTRZvwccflSZomZumI9efBN_D-pZk1ghk0RNPIx-k9zj49jo9kldqO7umHXdA8bLTr6UaJZtKwXVbpHNDtn5_6K-vMWzsanP79951GDgTuRq45bl5qAOT0MrUsylzhphQ5Wm0TigfONyiGIEgpnid6aSplKympovMQPb3LtxB5s1E3t3wFLrapSKVziEVIgasTIGlQQ1hSIsTIjB_BlZY3SRYJy0smYlThRIduVT203gKN169slMcdf2p2QYddtiE67P9HML8s4OkupfZ4Yr9NEqCxVuTXKFCH4oDPn8AUHcLiyeRnHeFs-Gnz_35cP4GVKlTB9EcwhbHTzhX8PL9xdd93OP0SXfQAT8fc7
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Model-Validation and Implementation of a Path-Following Algorithm in an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2612744417
https://doaj.org/article/58e61ae821374276ba7a9ffef84ccc25
Volume 11
WOSCitedRecordID wos000735829400001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Publicly Available Content Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Nb9QwEB2hlgMcKlpAbL_kA0ggZJHEcewct6grOLCKEFTlFI0dm660TardbPv3GTtptQghLki5JHISazz2vJHH7wG8LtCXwuSea_SC5y6xHKX0HJVtKGD4QgsbxSbUfK4vL8tqS-or1IQN9MCD4T5I7YoUnc5SQVmcKgwqLL13XufW2iyylyaq3Eqm4hpcpoG6aqh0F5TXh_1gghY54eky_S0GRar-P1biGF5mz2BvxIVsOvRnHx659gCebrEFHsD-OA_X7O1IFv3uObggZrbkFwSnB3Ukhm3DIufv9XisqGWdZ8gqwnp8RsPe3dHn2HT5s1st-qtrtgjvsOmmD-cbus2aRS2kOwKhK3bhrkJ_XsD32fm3j5_4KJ3ArShUz43N0FMo9omxaW5TK43Q3mhMJV2UJjRkukQoSu6cwUZhI2WToJNkNyy0FS9hp-1a9wpYZlSTSWFTR0iAwB4tiF55YbAkaJSjnMD7e2PWduQVD_IWy5ryi2D6etv0E3jz0Ppm4NP4S7uzMC4PbQILdnxAvlGPvlH_yzcmcHw_qvU4Ndd14ExTeVBeO_wf_ziCJ1koc4kVLsew06827gQe29t-sV6dwu7Z-bz6ehq9k-6qz1-qH78A6X3rxA
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB6VLRL0UGhpxUIBH6gEQhZJHMfOAaHlseqq7WoPpSqn4Dh2W2mbtJssK_5UfyPjPJYiBLcekHJKHCuOP89848d8AC8jZWOWhpZKZRkNjaep4txSJXSGDsNGkulabEKMx_LkJJ6swHV3FsZtq-xsYm2os0K7OfK3LtWVCJ1g1vvLK-pUo9zqaieh0cBi3_xYYMhWvht9wv7dDYLh56OPe7RVFaCaRaKiqQ6URS9lvVT7ofY1T5m0qVQ-xwsZdKaRFjCBcY9JVSZUxnnmKcNjn6lIaob13oHV0IG9B6uT0eHk63JWx2XZlL7X7LBnLPbcOjRSmhB5fOz_5vtqiYA_PEDt1oYP_rcf8hDWWwJNBg3iN2DF5JuwdiOt4iZstAarJK_arNqvH4Fxqm9TeoxxRyMjRVSekTo58kV7_ionhSWKTJAU0yGOj2KB1ZHB9BSbXZ1dkHP3DhnMK3cQpJiXpBaNWiBbn5Fjc-a-Zwu-3Erjt6GXF7l5DCRIRRZwpn2DlAlZMXoOKyxLVYwcMlS8D2-63k90m4Dd6YBMEwzEHFaSm1jpw-6y9GWTeOQv5T44IC3LuHTh9Y1idpq01ifh0kS-MjLwmQgDEaVKqNhaY2WoNTawDzsdxpLWhpXJL4A9-ffjF3Bv7-jwIDkYjfefwv3A7fqpN_zsQK-azc0zuKu_V-fl7Hk7XAh8u21A_gTsfFVp
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V3BbtQwEB2VLUJwAFpALBTwgUogZDWJ49g5ILRQVqwKqz1AVU7Bcey20jYpmywrfo2vY5w4SxGCWw9IOSVOFCfPM2_s8TyAp4myKctjS6WyjMYm0FRxbqkSukCHYRPJdCs2IaZTeXSUzjbgR78XxqVV9jaxNdRFpd0c-Z4rdSViJ5i1Z31axGx__Or8K3UKUm6ltZfT6CByYL6vMHyrX0728V_vRtH47cc376hXGKCaJaKhuY6URY9lg1yHsQ41z5m0uVQhxwPZdKGRIjCBMZDJVSFUwXkRKMPTkKlEaobPvQKbSMnjaACbs8mH2ef1DI-ruCnDoMu2ZywN3Jo00psYOX0a_uYHW7mAP7xB6-LGt_7nj3MbbnpiTUbdSNiCDVNuw40L5Ra3Ycsbspo889W2n98B49Tg5vQQ45FOXoqosiBt0eQzvy-rJJUlisyQLNMxjptqhY8jo_kxdrs5OSOn7h4yWjZug0i1rEkrJrVCFr8gh-bEvc9d-HQpnb8Hg7IqzX0gUS6KiDMdGqRSyJbRo1hhWa5S5Jax4kN40SMh074wu9MHmWcYoDncZBdxM4TddevzriDJX9q9dqBat3FlxNsT1eI481Yp49IkoTIyChkiWCS5Eiq11lgZa40dHMJOj7fM27Y6-wW2B_--_ASuIQqz95PpwUO4HrlkoDYPaAcGzWJpHsFV_a05rReP_cgh8OWy8fgTDyheKQ
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Model-Validation+and+Implementation+of+a+Path-Following+Algorithm+in+an+Autonomous+Underwater+Vehicle&rft.jtitle=Applied+sciences&rft.au=Jose+Villa&rft.au=Guillem+Vallicrosa&rft.au=Jussi+Aaltonen&rft.au=Pere+Ridao&rft.date=2021-12-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2076-3417&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=11891&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fapp112411891&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_58e61ae821374276ba7a9ffef84ccc25
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon