Acupuncture Manipulation Measurement and Identification Based on Miniature Multiaxis Force/Torque Sensor

Acupuncture manipulation is a key factor that directly affects efficacy, but it lacks accurate quantification and identification at present. For the current problems of low precision, complex operation, interference with operation, single identification category, and small sample size, it is the fir...

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Vydané v:	IEEE sensors journal Ročník 24; číslo 20; s. 33806 - 33815
Hlavní autori:	Xu, Jingjing, Song, Aiguo, Chen, Yuhan
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	New York IEEE 15.10.2024 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Predmet:	Accuracy Acupuncture Acupuncture manipulation Algorithms Calibration Classification Error analysis Force force/torque (F/T) sensor identification Multiaxis Performance evaluation Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensors Support vector machines support vector machines (SVMs) Torque Torquemeters
ISSN:	1530-437X, 1558-1748
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Abstract	Acupuncture manipulation is a key factor that directly affects efficacy, but it lacks accurate quantification and identification at present. For the current problems of low precision, complex operation, interference with operation, single identification category, and small sample size, it is the first time that identification of four acupuncture manipulations is realized using a miniature multiaxis force/torque (F/T) sensor in this article. The sensor has the advantages of lightweight, high precision (the linear error is less than 1%), little interference with operation, and simple operation. First, a measurement system based on F/T sensor is constructed. Second, acupuncture manipulation data are collected using sensor and then processed by preprocessing and feature extraction. Finally, k-nearest neighbors (KNNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and random forest (RF) classification algorithms are selected for identification. The experiment results indicate that SVM classifier is more suitable for this system, and this model achieves an accuracy of 90.75% through fivefold cross validation. To evaluate detailed classification performance, validation is conducted on testing set. The accuracy of lifting-thrusting (LT) manipulation is 94.2%, and that of twirling-rotating (TR) manipulation is 85.8% in confusion matrix. This study has a good application prospect in acupuncture manipulation evaluation, training, and clinic.
AbstractList	Acupuncture manipulation is a key factor that directly affects efficacy, but it lacks accurate quantification and identification at present. For the current problems of low precision, complex operation, interference with operation, single identification category, and small sample size, it is the first time that identification of four acupuncture manipulations is realized using a miniature multiaxis force/torque (F/T) sensor in this article. The sensor has the advantages of lightweight, high precision (the linear error is less than 1%), little interference with operation, and simple operation. First, a measurement system based on F/T sensor is constructed. Second, acupuncture manipulation data are collected using sensor and then processed by preprocessing and feature extraction. Finally, k-nearest neighbors (KNNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and random forest (RF) classification algorithms are selected for identification. The experiment results indicate that SVM classifier is more suitable for this system, and this model achieves an accuracy of 90.75% through fivefold cross validation. To evaluate detailed classification performance, validation is conducted on testing set. The accuracy of lifting-thrusting (LT) manipulation is 94.2%, and that of twirling-rotating (TR) manipulation is 85.8% in confusion matrix. This study has a good application prospect in acupuncture manipulation evaluation, training, and clinic.
Author	Song, Aiguo Xu, Jingjing Chen, Yuhan
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SubjectTerms	Accuracy Acupuncture Acupuncture manipulation Algorithms Calibration Classification Error analysis Force force/torque (F/T) sensor identification Multiaxis Performance evaluation Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensors Support vector machines support vector machines (SVMs) Torque Torquemeters
Title	Acupuncture Manipulation Measurement and Identification Based on Miniature Multiaxis Force/Torque Sensor
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