Empirical analysis of the relationship between CC and SLOC in a large corpus of Java methods and C functions

Measuring the internal quality of source code is one of the traditional goals of making software development into an engineering discipline. Cyclomatic complexity (CC) is an often used source code quality metric, next to source lines of code (SLOC). However, the use of the CC metric is challenged by...

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Published in:Journal of software : evolution and process Vol. 28; no. 7; pp. 589 - 618
Main Authors: Landman, Davy, Serebrenik, Alexander, Bouwers, Eric, Vinju, Jurgen J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Chichester Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.07.2016
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:
empirical validation
McCabe cyclomatic complexity
metrics
software maintenance
ISSN:2047-7473, 2047-7481
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Abstract Measuring the internal quality of source code is one of the traditional goals of making software development into an engineering discipline. Cyclomatic complexity (CC) is an often used source code quality metric, next to source lines of code (SLOC). However, the use of the CC metric is challenged by the repeated claim that CC is redundant with respect to SLOC because of strong linear correlation. We conducted an extensive literature study of the CC/SLOC correlation results. Next, we tested correlation on large Java (17.6 M methods) and C (6.3 M functions) corpora. Our results show that linear correlation between SLOC and CC is only moderate as a result of increasingly high variance. We further observe that aggregating CC and SLOC as well as performing a power transform improves the correlation. Our conclusion is that the observed linear correlation between CC and SLOC of Java methods or C functions is not strong enough to conclude that CC is redundant with SLOC. This conclusion contradicts earlier claims from literature but concurs with the widely accepted practice of measuring of CC next to SLOC. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. We analyzed the relationship between cyclomatic complexity (CC) and lines of code (SLOC) for two large corpora of Java and C software. Contradicting earlier claims from literature, we observed that the linear correlation between CC and SLOC is not strong enough to conclude that CC is redundant to SLOC. This is caused by increasingly high variance and concurs with the widely accepted practice of measuring of CC next to SLOC.
AbstractList Measuring the internal quality of source code is one of the traditional goals of making software development into an engineering discipline. Cyclomatic complexity (CC) is an often used source code quality metric, next to source lines of code (SLOC). However, the use of the CC metric is challenged by the repeated claim that CC is redundant with respect to SLOC because of strong linear correlation. We conducted an extensive literature study of the CC/SLOC correlation results. Next, we tested correlation on large Java (17.6 M methods) and C (6.3 M functions) corpora. Our results show that linear correlation between SLOC and CC is only moderate as a result of increasingly high variance. We further observe that aggregating CC and SLOC as well as performing a power transform improves the correlation. Our conclusion is that the observed linear correlation between CC and SLOC of Java methods or C functions is not strong enough to conclude that CC is redundant with SLOC. This conclusion contradicts earlier claims from literature but concurs with the widely accepted practice of measuring of CC next to SLOC. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. We analyzed the relationship between cyclomatic complexity (CC) and lines of code (SLOC) for two large corpora of Java and C software. Contradicting earlier claims from literature, we observed that the linear correlation between CC and SLOC is not strong enough to conclude that CC is redundant to SLOC. This is caused by increasingly high variance and concurs with the widely accepted practice of measuring of CC next to SLOC.
Measuring the internal quality of source code is one of the traditional goals of making software development into an engineering discipline. Cyclomatic complexity (CC) is an often used source code quality metric, next to source lines of code (SLOC). However, the use of the CC metric is challenged by the repeated claim that CC is redundant with respect to SLOC because of strong linear correlation. We conducted an extensive literature study of the CC/SLOC correlation results. Next, we tested correlation on large Java (17.6M methods) and C (6.3M functions) corpora. Our results show that linear correlation between SLOC and CC is only moderate as a result of increasingly high variance. We further observe that aggregating CC and SLOC as well as performing a power transform improves the correlation. Our conclusion is that the observed linear correlation between CC and SLOC of Java methods or C functions is not strong enough to conclude that CC is redundant with SLOC. This conclusion contradicts earlier claims from literature but concurs with the widely accepted practice of measuring of CC next to SLOC. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring the internal quality of source code is one of the traditional goals of making software development into an engineering discipline. Cyclomatic complexity (CC) is an often used source code quality metric, next to source lines of code (SLOC). However, the use of the CC metric is challenged by the repeated claim that CC is redundant with respect to SLOC because of strong linear correlation. We conducted an extensive literature study of the CC/SLOC correlation results. Next, we tested correlation on large Java (17.6 M methods) and C (6.3 M functions) corpora. Our results show that linear correlation between SLOC and CC is only moderate as a result of increasingly high variance. We further observe that aggregating CC and SLOC as well as performing a power transform improves the correlation. Our conclusion is that the observed linear correlation between CC and SLOC of Java methods or C functions is not strong enough to conclude that CC is redundant with SLOC. This conclusion contradicts earlier claims from literature but concurs with the widely accepted practice of measuring of CC next to SLOC. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Author Bouwers, Eric
Serebrenik, Alexander
Landman, Davy
Vinju, Jurgen J.
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  surname: Landman
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  email: Correspondence to: Davy Landman, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., davy.landman@cwi.nl
  organization: Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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  givenname: Alexander
  surname: Serebrenik
  fullname: Serebrenik, Alexander
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  givenname: Eric
  surname: Bouwers
  fullname: Bouwers, Eric
  organization: Software Improvement Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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  givenname: Jurgen J.
  surname: Vinju
  fullname: Vinju, Jurgen J.
  organization: Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Snippet Measuring the internal quality of source code is one of the traditional goals of making software development into an engineering discipline. Cyclomatic...
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SubjectTerms empirical validation
McCabe cyclomatic complexity
metrics
software maintenance
Title Empirical analysis of the relationship between CC and SLOC in a large corpus of Java methods and C functions
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