Eye-Tracking in Interactive Virtual Environments: Implementation and Evaluation

Not all eye-tracking methodology and data processing are equal. While the use of eye-tracking is intricate because of its grounding in visual physiology, traditional 2D eye-tracking methods are supported by software, tools, and reference studies. This is not so true for eye-tracking methods applied...

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Published in:	Applied sciences Vol. 12; no. 3; p. 1027
Main Authors:	Ugwitz, Pavel, Kvarda, Ondřej, Juříková, Zuzana, Šašinka, Čeněk, Tamm, Sascha
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 01.02.2022
Subjects:	3-D graphics Accuracy Algorithms Blood pressure data collection data visualization dynamic environments Eye movements eye-tracking eye-tracking algorithms Physiology Software Spatial data Virtual reality
ISSN:	2076-3417, 2076-3417
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Abstract	Not all eye-tracking methodology and data processing are equal. While the use of eye-tracking is intricate because of its grounding in visual physiology, traditional 2D eye-tracking methods are supported by software, tools, and reference studies. This is not so true for eye-tracking methods applied in virtual reality (imaginary 3D environments). Previous research regarded the domain of eye-tracking in 3D virtual reality as an untamed realm with unaddressed issues. The present paper explores these issues, discusses possible solutions at a theoretical level, and offers example implementations. The paper also proposes a workflow and software architecture that encompasses an entire experimental scenario, including virtual scene preparation and operationalization of visual stimuli, experimental data collection and considerations for ambiguous visual stimuli, post-hoc data correction, data aggregation, and visualization. The paper is accompanied by examples of eye-tracking data collection and evaluation based on ongoing research of indoor evacuation behavior.
AbstractList	Not all eye-tracking methodology and data processing are equal. While the use of eye-tracking is intricate because of its grounding in visual physiology, traditional 2D eye-tracking methods are supported by software, tools, and reference studies. This is not so true for eye-tracking methods applied in virtual reality (imaginary 3D environments). Previous research regarded the domain of eye-tracking in 3D virtual reality as an untamed realm with unaddressed issues. The present paper explores these issues, discusses possible solutions at a theoretical level, and offers example implementations. The paper also proposes a workflow and software architecture that encompasses an entire experimental scenario, including virtual scene preparation and operationalization of visual stimuli, experimental data collection and considerations for ambiguous visual stimuli, post-hoc data correction, data aggregation, and visualization. The paper is accompanied by examples of eye-tracking data collection and evaluation based on ongoing research of indoor evacuation behavior.
Author	Kvarda, Ondřej Juříková, Zuzana Ugwitz, Pavel Šašinka, Čeněk Tamm, Sascha
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StartPage	1027
SubjectTerms	3-D graphics Accuracy Algorithms Blood pressure data collection data visualization dynamic environments Eye movements eye-tracking eye-tracking algorithms Physiology Software Spatial data Virtual reality
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Title	Eye-Tracking in Interactive Virtual Environments: Implementation and Evaluation
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Volume	12
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