On the Value of Community Association for Microgrid Development: Learnings from Multiple Deterministic and Stochastic Planning Designs

The reliability of the power grid is a constant problem faced by those who operate, plan and study power systems. An alternative approach to this problem, and others related to the integration of renewable energy sources, is the microgrid. This research seeks to quantify the potential benefits of ur...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Applied sciences Jg. 11; H. 14; S. 6257
Hauptverfasser:	Mina-Casaran, Juan David, Echeverry, Diego Fernando, Lozano, Carlos Arturo, Navarro-Espinosa, Alejandro
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Basel MDPI AG 01.07.2021
Schlagworte:	Alternative energy sources Costs diversity of energy consumption Earthquakes economies of scale Electricity Electricity distribution Energy industry Energy resources Energy storage Fault lines Generators Linear programming Load Optimization planning of urban community microgrids Power supply reliability Renewable resources stochastic programming
ISSN:	2076-3417, 2076-3417
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Abstract	The reliability of the power grid is a constant problem faced by those who operate, plan and study power systems. An alternative approach to this problem, and others related to the integration of renewable energy sources, is the microgrid. This research seeks to quantify the potential benefits of urban community microgrids, based on the development of planning models with deterministic and stochastic optimization approaches. The models ensure that supply meets demand whilst assuring the minimum cost of investment and operation. To verify their effectiveness, the planning of hundreds of microgrids was set in the city of Santiago de Chile. The most important results highlight the value of community association, such as: a reduction in investment cost of up to 35%, when community microgrids are planned with a desired level of reliability, compared to single residential household microgrids. This reduction is due to the diversity of energy consumption, which can represent around 20%, on average, of cost reduction, and to the Economies of Scale (EoS) present in the aggregation microgrid asset capacity, which can represent close to 15% of the additional reduction in investment costs. The stochastic planning approach also ensures that a community can prepare for different fault scenarios in the power grid. Furthermore, it was found that for approximately 90% of the planned microgrids with reliability requirements, the deterministic solution for the worst three fault scenarios is equivalent to the solution of the stochastic planning problem.
AbstractList	The reliability of the power grid is a constant problem faced by those who operate, plan and study power systems. An alternative approach to this problem, and others related to the integration of renewable energy sources, is the microgrid. This research seeks to quantify the potential benefits of urban community microgrids, based on the development of planning models with deterministic and stochastic optimization approaches. The models ensure that supply meets demand whilst assuring the minimum cost of investment and operation. To verify their effectiveness, the planning of hundreds of microgrids was set in the city of Santiago de Chile. The most important results highlight the value of community association, such as: a reduction in investment cost of up to 35%, when community microgrids are planned with a desired level of reliability, compared to single residential household microgrids. This reduction is due to the diversity of energy consumption, which can represent around 20%, on average, of cost reduction, and to the Economies of Scale (EoS) present in the aggregation microgrid asset capacity, which can represent close to 15% of the additional reduction in investment costs. The stochastic planning approach also ensures that a community can prepare for different fault scenarios in the power grid. Furthermore, it was found that for approximately 90% of the planned microgrids with reliability requirements, the deterministic solution for the worst three fault scenarios is equivalent to the solution of the stochastic planning problem.
Author	Echeverry, Diego Fernando Navarro-Espinosa, Alejandro Lozano, Carlos Arturo Mina-Casaran, Juan David
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Juan David orcidid: 0000-0002-9670-6897 surname: Mina-Casaran fullname: Mina-Casaran, Juan David – sequence: 2 givenname: Diego Fernando surname: Echeverry fullname: Echeverry, Diego Fernando – sequence: 3 givenname: Carlos Arturo orcidid: 0000-0001-5841-1978 surname: Lozano fullname: Lozano, Carlos Arturo – sequence: 4 givenname: Alejandro surname: Navarro-Espinosa fullname: Navarro-Espinosa, Alejandro
BookMark	eNptkd9qFDEUxoO0YG175QsEvJTV_J1JvCtrrYUtLVS9Hc5kkm2WmWRMMkJfwOduuitSxNwkJ_zOdw7f9wYdhRgsQm8p-cC5Jh9hnimlomGyfYVOGGmbFRe0PXrxfo3Oc96RejTlipIT9Ps24PJg8Q8YF4ujw-s4TUvw5RFf5ByNh-JjwC4mfONNitvkB_zZ_rJjnCcbyie8sZCCD9uMXYoTvlnG4ufRVqjYNPngc_EGQxjwfYnmAfbl3QjhualS2W9DPkPHDsZsz__cp-j7l8tv66-rze3V9fpiszK8EWXVS6kJ0N5BT5ySgwStBqbsQA0H0EaLlgneOkG0tgNjvdWOKNBSQ9-7puWn6PqgO0TYdXPyE6THLoLv9h8xbTtIdcHRdkAod6xpgTZCqGoXMMsMOCmVUT3jVevdQWtO8edic-l2cUmhrt8xKYUgiuqmUu8PVDUv52Td36mUdM-5dS9yqzT9hza-7CMoCfz4354nLlmehA
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1016_j_esd_2022_08_005 crossref_primary_10_3389_fenrg_2023_1209290 crossref_primary_10_3390_app12199903 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0278324 crossref_primary_10_1080_15435075_2022_2049797 crossref_primary_10_51646_jsesd_v14i1_382
Cites_doi	10.1109/TSG.2015.2456834 10.1109/CIEEC.2018.8745939 10.1016/j.scs.2021.102723 10.3103/S0146411621010041 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.089 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101824 10.1109/EEEIC.2018.8493878 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.12.045 10.1109/ICEE.2018.8472560 10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.5136 10.18235/0002366 10.1109/TENCON.2017.8228087 10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.032 10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656707 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.103 10.1109/IREC48820.2020.9310384 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116442 10.1086/466541 10.1109/iSPEC48194.2019.8975202 10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.064 10.1109/IECON.2017.8216445 10.1007/s00357-014-9161-z 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2832460 10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973841 10.1109/SusTech.2016.7897144 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115254 10.1109/MPE.2017.2662328 10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2768302 10.3390/su11174683 10.3390/batteries2020014 10.1007/978-1-4614-0237-4 10.1016/j.jup.2016.11.001 10.1049/rpg2.12080 10.1007/978-3-319-98687-6 10.1016/j.scs.2017.04.004
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS DOA
DOI	10.3390/app11146257
DatabaseName	CrossRef ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New)
DatabaseTitleList	Publicly Available Content Database CrossRef
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: PIMPY name: Publicly Available Content Database url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Engineering Sciences (General)
EISSN	2076-3417
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_a013f267a16448138a2e2caf558c8b23 10_3390_app11146257
GroupedDBID	.4S 2XV 5VS 7XC 8CJ 8FE 8FG 8FH AADQD AAFWJ AAYXX ADBBV ADMLS AFFHD AFKRA AFPKN AFZYC ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS APEBS ARCSS BCNDV BENPR CCPQU CITATION CZ9 D1I D1J D1K GROUPED_DOAJ IAO IGS ITC K6- K6V KC. KQ8 L6V LK5 LK8 M7R MODMG M~E OK1 P62 PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PROAC TUS ABUWG AZQEC DWQXO PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c364t-b5590a1bfab0f85d5a98d28ed1c3aa9c9472437f4099ed22be9f08a959abbf673
IEDL.DBID	DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount	5
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000686305700001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	2076-3417
IngestDate	Tue Oct 14 18:38:45 EDT 2025 Mon Jun 30 11:15:48 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 07:14:04 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:58:17 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	14
Language	English
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c364t-b5590a1bfab0f85d5a98d28ed1c3aa9c9472437f4099ed22be9f08a959abbf673
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ORCID	0000-0001-5841-1978 0000-0002-9670-6897
OpenAccessLink	https://doaj.org/article/a013f267a16448138a2e2caf558c8b23
PQID	2554408196
PQPubID	2032433
ParticipantIDs	doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_a013f267a16448138a2e2caf558c8b23 proquest_journals_2554408196 crossref_primary_10_3390_app11146257 crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_app11146257
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2021-07-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2021-07-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 07 year: 2021 text: 2021-07-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	Basel
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Basel
PublicationTitle	Applied sciences
PublicationYear	2021
Publisher	MDPI AG
Publisher_xml	– name: MDPI AG
References	Gilani (ref_9) 2020; 191 Klaassen (ref_33) 2017; 44 Suman (ref_26) 2021; 67 ref_14 Dahiru (ref_21) 2020; 52 ref_36 ref_12 ref_34 ref_11 ref_10 Hosseinimoghadam (ref_25) 2021; 55 ref_32 Che (ref_22) 2017; 8 Narayan (ref_29) 2017; 101 ref_30 Javid (ref_35) 2020; 27 ref_19 Kinawy (ref_24) 2019; 13 ref_18 ref_17 Wu (ref_27) 2020; 272 ref_39 ref_38 Echeverry (ref_3) 2021; 15 ref_15 ref_37 Hussain (ref_23) 2017; 32 Danish (ref_2) 2019; 159 Khayatian (ref_20) 2018; 33 (ref_31) 2017; 20 McKenna (ref_42) 2016; 165 Xu (ref_6) 2018; 81 ref_47 ref_46 ref_45 Kumar (ref_7) 2018; 6 ref_44 Murtagh (ref_41) 2014; 31 ref_43 Lanuzza (ref_16) 2017; 15 ref_40 ref_1 Jin (ref_13) 2018; 210 ref_28 Stigler (ref_48) 1958; 1 ref_8 ref_5 ref_4
References_xml	– volume: 8 start-page: 1054 year: 2017 ident: ref_22 article-title: Optimal Interconnection Planning of Community Microgrids With Renewable Energy Sources publication-title: IEEE Trans. Smart Grid. doi: 10.1109/TSG.2015.2456834 – ident: ref_28 doi: 10.1109/CIEEC.2018.8745939 – volume: 27 start-page: 781 year: 2020 ident: ref_35 article-title: Hybrid-microgrid Planning, Sizing and Optimization for an Industrial Demand in Pakistan publication-title: Teh. Vjesn. – volume: 67 start-page: 102723 year: 2021 ident: ref_26 article-title: Optimisation of Solar/Wind/Bio-generator/Diesel/Battery Based Microgrids for Rural Areas: A PSO-GWO Approach publication-title: Sustain. Cities Soc. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.102723 – volume: 55 start-page: 92 year: 2021 ident: ref_25 article-title: Size Optimization of Distributed Generation Resources in Microgrids with Considering Uncertainty Units Based on Scenario Tree publication-title: Autom. Control Comput. Sci. doi: 10.3103/S0146411621010041 – volume: 165 start-page: 445 year: 2016 ident: ref_42 article-title: High-resolution Stochastic Integrated Thermal–electrical Domestic Demand Model publication-title: Appl. Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.089 – volume: 52 start-page: 101824 year: 2020 ident: ref_21 article-title: Optimal Sizing and Techno-economic Analysis of Grid-connected Nanogrid for Tropical Climates of the Savannah publication-title: Sustain. Cities Soc. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101824 – ident: ref_34 doi: 10.1109/EEEIC.2018.8493878 – volume: 159 start-page: 160 year: 2019 ident: ref_2 article-title: A Sustainable Microgrid: A Sustainability and Management-oriented Approach publication-title: Energy Procedia doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.12.045 – ident: ref_47 – ident: ref_4 doi: 10.1109/ICEE.2018.8472560 – volume: 13 start-page: 2339 year: 2019 ident: ref_24 article-title: Minimisation of Voltage Fluctuation Resulted From Renewable Energy Sources Uncertainty in Distribution Systems publication-title: IET Gener. Transm. Distrib. doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.5136 – ident: ref_11 doi: 10.18235/0002366 – ident: ref_30 doi: 10.1109/TENCON.2017.8228087 – ident: ref_37 – volume: 81 start-page: 2204 year: 2018 ident: ref_6 article-title: Analysis on the Organization and Development of Multi-microgrids publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.032 – ident: ref_14 – ident: ref_10 doi: 10.1109/ISC2.2018.8656707 – volume: 210 start-page: 1321 year: 2018 ident: ref_13 article-title: Microgrid to Enable Optimal Distributed Energy Retail and End-user Demand Response publication-title: Appl. Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.103 – ident: ref_44 – ident: ref_5 doi: 10.1109/IREC48820.2020.9310384 – volume: 191 start-page: 116442 year: 2020 ident: ref_9 article-title: Distribution System Resilience Enhancement by Microgrid Formation Considering Distributed Energy Resources publication-title: Energy doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116442 – volume: 1 start-page: 54 year: 1958 ident: ref_48 article-title: The Economies of Scale publication-title: J. Law Econ. doi: 10.1086/466541 – ident: ref_18 doi: 10.1109/iSPEC48194.2019.8975202 – volume: 101 start-page: 399 year: 2017 ident: ref_29 article-title: Risk-averse Stochastic Programming Approach for Microgrid Planning Under Uncertainty publication-title: Renew. Energy doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.064 – volume: 20 start-page: 41 year: 2017 ident: ref_31 article-title: A Design Methodology of Microgrids for Non-interconnected Zones of Colombia publication-title: Tecnológicas – ident: ref_39 doi: 10.1109/IECON.2017.8216445 – ident: ref_8 – volume: 31 start-page: 274 year: 2014 ident: ref_41 article-title: Ward’s Hierarchical Clustering Method: Clustering Criterion and Agglomerative Algorithm publication-title: J. Classif. doi: 10.1007/s00357-014-9161-z – volume: 6 start-page: 24925 year: 2018 ident: ref_7 article-title: A Novel Methodological Framework for the Design of Sustainable Rural Microgrid for Developing Nations publication-title: IEEE Access doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2832460 – ident: ref_46 – ident: ref_12 doi: 10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973841 – ident: ref_19 doi: 10.1109/SusTech.2016.7897144 – ident: ref_15 – volume: 272 start-page: 115254 year: 2020 ident: ref_27 article-title: Integrating Reliability and Resilience to Support the Transition from Passive Distribution Grids to Islanding Microgrids publication-title: Appl. Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115254 – volume: 15 start-page: 64 year: 2017 ident: ref_16 article-title: Achieving Resilience at Distribution Level: Learning from Isolated Community Microgrids publication-title: IEEE Power Energy Mag. doi: 10.1109/MPE.2017.2662328 – ident: ref_17 – volume: 33 start-page: 3634 year: 2018 ident: ref_20 article-title: Integrated Microgrid Expansion Planning in Electricity Market With Uncertainty publication-title: IEEE Trans. Power Syst. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2768302 – ident: ref_32 doi: 10.3390/su11174683 – ident: ref_36 – ident: ref_38 doi: 10.3390/batteries2020014 – ident: ref_45 – ident: ref_40 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0237-4 – ident: ref_43 – volume: 44 start-page: 25 year: 2017 ident: ref_33 article-title: A Methodology to Assess Demand Response Benefits from a System Perspective: A Dutch Case Study publication-title: Util. Policy doi: 10.1016/j.jup.2016.11.001 – volume: 15 start-page: 889 year: 2021 ident: ref_3 article-title: Demand Response Integration in Microgrid Planning as a Strategy For Energy Transition in Power Systems publication-title: IET Renew. Power Gener. doi: 10.1049/rpg2.12080 – ident: ref_1 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-98687-6 – volume: 32 start-page: 318 year: 2017 ident: ref_23 article-title: Optimal Siting and Sizing of Tri-generation Equipment for Developing an Autonomous Community Microgrid Considering Uncertainties publication-title: Sustain. Cities Soc. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2017.04.004
SSID	ssj0000913810
Score	2.2273579
Snippet	The reliability of the power grid is a constant problem faced by those who operate, plan and study power systems. An alternative approach to this problem, and...
SourceID	doaj proquest crossref
SourceType	Open Website Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database
StartPage	6257
SubjectTerms	Alternative energy sources Costs diversity of energy consumption Earthquakes economies of scale Electricity Electricity distribution Energy industry Energy resources Energy storage Fault lines Generators Linear programming Load Optimization planning of urban community microgrids Power supply reliability Renewable resources stochastic programming
SummonAdditionalLinks	– databaseName: ProQuest Central dbid: BENPR link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Nb9QwEB1By4EegBZQFwryoQdAiojtZGP3gihqxaVLxZd6i8ZfS6UqaTdpJf4Av7uerHeJBOLCMclEijQv4xn7zRuAfYVF4FWuM5vrkJEAXaYs-kzKqXEyKMO5HYZNVLOZOjvTp2nDrUu0ylVMHAK1ay3tkb-NqS8NR46AeXd5ldHUKDpdTSM07sImKZVFnG8eHs1OP693WUj1UvF82ZgnY31P58KcOnEFLUijpWhQ7P8jIA-rzPHD__2-R_Ag5Zfs_RIQ23DHNzuwNVId3IHt9D937FUSnX79GH59aljMBdl3vLj2rA0sdY70P9nIgyymuOyEOHzzxbljI8bRAUtKrfOOUcsKO0lMxWi0JNwMitAMG8e-9K39gcPlamZStCImSfcEvh0fff3wMUszGjIrp0WfmViR5MhNQJMHVboStXJCecetRNRWFxVJHoZYRmrvhDBeh1yhLjUaE6aVfAobTdv4XWB0BKqtwdyboihNZdDK-H5wnhsSkZ_Am5W7apsEzGmOxkUdCxnybT3y7QT218aXS92Ov5sdkt_XJiS2PdxoF_M6_bs1xjQ5iGmFnIrZCCgUXlgMZamsMkJOYG8FiTpFgK7-jYdn_378HO4L4skMFOA92OgX1_4F3LM3_Xm3eJkAfQsUmQLG priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest
Title	On the Value of Community Association for Microgrid Development: Learnings from Multiple Deterministic and Stochastic Planning Designs
URI	https://www.proquest.com/docview/2554408196 https://doaj.org/article/a013f267a16448138a2e2caf558c8b23
Volume	11
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000686305700001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-3417 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810 issn: 2076-3417 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-3417 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810 issn: 2076-3417 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-3417 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810 issn: 2076-3417 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2076-3417 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810 issn: 2076-3417 databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Na9wwEB1K2kNzKEnakm3SoEMObcHEkuy1lFtTEtrDbpd-kZzMSJbSQPCWtRPIH-jvjkbWBkMLvfQoM8ZGM5LmoTdvAA4VFp5Xuc5srn1GAnSZsugyKaemkV4Zzm1sNlHN5-r8XC9Grb6IEzbIAw8Td4QhR_FiWiEnJMGlQuGERV-Wyiojos5nXukRmIp7sOYkXTUU5MmA6-k-mFMFrqCDaHQERaX-PzbieLqcbcGzlBay98PvbMMj1-7A5kgscAe20zLs2JukFf32Ofz-3LKQwrEfeH3j2NKzVPDR37HRxLOQmbIZUe8uV1cNGxGFjlkSWL3sGFWasFkiGAajgScThZwZtg372i_tT4zDdaujYEUEkO4FfD87_fbhY5ZaK2RWTos-MwFI5MiNR5N7VTYlatUI5RpuJaK2uqhIqdAH9KddI4Rx2ucKdanRGD-t5EvYaJet2wVGN5faGsydKYrSVAatDO_7xnFD2u8TeLee7dom3XFqf3FdB_xBrqlHrpnA4YPxr0Fu4-9mJ-S2BxPSyI4PQuTUKXLqf0XOBPbXTq_Twu3qgLCoB3fYl179j2_swVNBJJjI792HjX51417DE3vbX3WrA3h8cjpffDmIsRtGi0-zxcU9-6b13g
linkProvider	Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Nb9QwEB2VLRJwKLQUsVDAhyIBUtTETjY2EkJ8VV21u6xEQeUUbMdeKlVJ2aRU_QP8HH4jnsRZIoG49cAxySSH5GU-7DdvALa5jG2UhiLQobABCtAFXEsTMDZSObNcRZFuhk2k0yk_OhKzFfjZ9cIgrbLziY2jzkuNa-Q7LvXF4cgOMC9PvwU4NQp3V7sRGi0s9s3FuSvZqhfjt-77PqZ0993hm73ATxUINBvFdaBcDh3KSFmpQsuTPJGC55SbPNJMSqFFnKJIn3WFjzA5pcoIG3IpEiGVsqOUuedegdUYwT6A1dl4Mvu8XNVBlU0ehW0jIGMixH3oCDt_KQbAXuhrJgT8EQCaqLZ78397H7dgzefP5FUL-HVYMcUG3OipKm7AuvdXFXniRbWf3oYf7wvicl3ySZ6cGVJa4jtj6gvSQyhxKTyZIEdxvjjOSY9R9Zx4Jdp5RbAlh0w8E9MZtYSiRvGayCInH-pSf5XNYTcTylkhU6bahI-X8nbuwKAoC3MXCG7xCq1kaFQcJypVUjN3v81NpFAkfwjPOnhk2gu045yQk8wVaoilrIelIWwvjU9bXZK_m71GnC1NUEy8OVEu5pn3TZl0ZYClo1RGWKw7AEtqqJY2SbjmirIhbHUQzLyHq7Lf-Lv378uP4Nre4eQgOxhP9-_DdYqcoIbuvAWDenFmHsBV_b0-rhYP_c9E4Mtl4_UXXJZhfg
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V3BbtQwEB2VLULlALSAulDAhyIBUtTETjY2EkJAWbEqu6wEVOUUbMdeKlVJ2aSg_gAfxdfhSZwlEohbDxyTTHJwnscz9ps3ALtcxjZKQxHoUNgABegCrqUJGBupnFmuokg3zSbS2YwfHYn5GvzsamGQVtn5xMZR56XGPfI9F_pic2QHmD3raRHz_fHz068BdpDCk9aunUYLkQNz_t2lb9Wzyb771w8pHb_-8OpN4DsMBJqN4jpQLp4OZaSsVKHlSZ5IwXPKTR5pJqXQIk5RsM-6JEiYnFJlhA25FImQStlRytx3L8G6C8ljOoD1-WQ6_7Ta4UHFTR6FbVEgYyLEM-kIq4ApLoa9ZbDpFvDHYtCscOPr__PY3IBrPq4mL9qJsAlrptiCqz21xS3Y9H6sIo-82Pbjm_DjXUFcDEwO5cmZIaUlvmKmPic95BIX2pMpchcXy-Oc9JhWT4lXqF1UBEt1yNQzNJ1RSzRqlLCJLHLyvi71F9lcdr2inBUyaKpb8PFCRuc2DIqyMNtA8OhXaCVDo-I4UamSmrn3bW4iheL5Q3jSQSXTXrgd-4ecZC6BQ1xlPVwNYXdlfNrqlfzd7CVibmWCIuPNjXK5yLzPyqRLDywdpTLCJN6BWVJDtbRJwjVXlA1hp4Nj5j1flf3G4p1_P34AVxxIs7eT2cFd2KBIFWpY0DswqJdn5h5c1t_q42p5388rAp8vGq6_AHv1aj4
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=On+the+Value+of+Community+Association+for+Microgrid+Development%3A+Learnings+from+Multiple+Deterministic+and+Stochastic+Planning+Designs&rft.jtitle=Applied+sciences&rft.au=Juan+David+Mina-Casaran&rft.au=Diego+Fernando+Echeverry&rft.au=Carlos+Arturo+Lozano&rft.au=Alejandro+Navarro-Espinosa&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2076-3417&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=6257&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fapp11146257&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_a013f267a16448138a2e2caf558c8b23
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon