Ernst Rüdin's, 1911 vision of a Mendelian psychiatric genetics research program: His paper “Methods and goals of family research in psychiatry”
While working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss‐born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98‐page article, a detailed plan for a future Mendelian‐informed family research program for psychiatry. Rüdin would go on to head the Department of Genealogical and Demographic Stud...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics Jg. 186; H. 5; S. 279 - 288 |
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| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Hoboken, USA
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.07.2021
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
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| ISSN: | 1552-4841, 1552-485X, 1552-485X |
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| Abstract | While working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss‐born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98‐page article, a detailed plan for a future Mendelian‐informed family research program for psychiatry. Rüdin would go on to head the Department of Genealogical and Demographic Studies at Kraepelin's Research Institute which became one of the world's leading programs in psychiatric genetics. I here summarize this article, providing a complete translation online. Rüdin's review outlined a paradigm shift in psychiatric genetics research moving from calculations of aggregate hereditary burden, as they applied to the proband, to examining patterns of transmission within family pedigrees which involved careful individual assessments of relatives. He references widely clinical and statistical genetic studies, many focusing on the newly discovered Mendelian laws. However, Rüdin was no genetic reductionist but recognized the contribution of environmental risk factors to psychiatric illness arguing that they should be studied as part of a comprehensive research program. As a committed eugenicist, Rüdin also explored the implications of such a program for “racial hygiene.” Rüdin's contributions should be viewed in the context of his extensive collaboration from 1933 to 1945 with the National Socialists and his support for their eugenics program, including involuntary sterilizations. |
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| AbstractList | While working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss-born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98-page article, a detailed plan for a future Mendelian-informed family research program for psychiatry. Rüdin would go on to head the Department of Genealogical and Demographic Studies at Kraepelin's Research Institute which became one of the world's leading programs in psychiatric genetics. I here summarize this article, providing a complete translation online. Rüdin's review outlined a paradigm shift in psychiatric genetics research moving from calculations of aggregate hereditary burden, as they applied to the proband, to examining patterns of transmission within family pedigrees which involved careful individual assessments of relatives. He references widely clinical and statistical genetic studies, many focusing on the newly discovered Mendelian laws. However, Rüdin was no genetic reductionist but recognized the contribution of environmental risk factors to psychiatric illness arguing that they should be studied as part of a comprehensive research program. As a committed eugenicist, Rüdin also explored the implications of such a program for "racial hygiene." Rüdin's contributions should be viewed in the context of his extensive collaboration from 1933 to 1945 with the National Socialists and his support for their eugenics program, including involuntary sterilizations. While working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss-born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98-page article, a detailed plan for a future Mendelian-informed family research program for psychiatry. Rüdin would go on to head the Department of Genealogical and Demographic Studies at Kraepelin's Research Institute which became one of the world's leading programs in psychiatric genetics. I here summarize this article, providing a complete translation online. Rüdin's review outlined a paradigm shift in psychiatric genetics research moving from calculations of aggregate hereditary burden, as they applied to the proband, to examining patterns of transmission within family pedigrees which involved careful individual assessments of relatives. He references widely clinical and statistical genetic studies, many focusing on the newly discovered Mendelian laws. However, Rüdin was no genetic reductionist but recognized the contribution of environmental risk factors to psychiatric illness arguing that they should be studied as part of a comprehensive research program. As a committed eugenicist, Rüdin also explored the implications of such a program for "racial hygiene." Rüdin's contributions should be viewed in the context of his extensive collaboration from 1933 to 1945 with the National Socialists and his support for their eugenics program, including involuntary sterilizations.While working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss-born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98-page article, a detailed plan for a future Mendelian-informed family research program for psychiatry. Rüdin would go on to head the Department of Genealogical and Demographic Studies at Kraepelin's Research Institute which became one of the world's leading programs in psychiatric genetics. I here summarize this article, providing a complete translation online. Rüdin's review outlined a paradigm shift in psychiatric genetics research moving from calculations of aggregate hereditary burden, as they applied to the proband, to examining patterns of transmission within family pedigrees which involved careful individual assessments of relatives. He references widely clinical and statistical genetic studies, many focusing on the newly discovered Mendelian laws. However, Rüdin was no genetic reductionist but recognized the contribution of environmental risk factors to psychiatric illness arguing that they should be studied as part of a comprehensive research program. As a committed eugenicist, Rüdin also explored the implications of such a program for "racial hygiene." Rüdin's contributions should be viewed in the context of his extensive collaboration from 1933 to 1945 with the National Socialists and his support for their eugenics program, including involuntary sterilizations. |
| Author | Kendler, Kenneth S. |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1002/ajmg.b.32832 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19970725)74:4<457::AID-AJMG23>3.0.CO;2-G 10.1007/BF02076258 10.5962/bhl.title.32181 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960726)67:4<332::AID-AJMG3>3.0.CO;2-O 10.1002/ajmg.b.32819 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19970725)74:4<461::AID-AJMG25>3.0.CO;2-F 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960726)67:4<317::AID-AJMG1>3.0.CO;2-J 10.1073/pnas.1.2.120 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19970725)74:4<455::AID-AJMG22>3.0.CO;2-G 10.1007/978-3-642-78607-5 10.1007/BF02865154 10.1097/00005053-191105000-00003 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.33 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20030326 10.1017/9781108583190 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19111213 10.7208/chicago/9780226891798.001.0001 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960726)67:4<323::AID-AJMG2>3.0.CO;2-N 10.1176/ajp.68.2.221 10.1073/pnas.1.1.37 |
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| References | 2002; 37 1915a; 1 1905b; 2 2010 1895; 27 2020; 183 2021; 186 1911; 7 1993 2020; 77 1993; 5 1911 2010; 67 1915b; 1 1905a; 2 2021; 178 1997; 74 2020 1986 1985 2016 1907 1911; 38 1905 1916; 12 1996; 67 1889 e_1_2_8_28_1 e_1_2_8_29_1 e_1_2_8_24_1 Rudin E. (e_1_2_8_25_1) 1916 e_1_2_8_26_1 Diem O. (e_1_2_8_8_1) 1905; 2 e_1_2_8_27_1 Diem O. (e_1_2_8_6_1) 1905 Caplan A. L. (e_1_2_8_3_1) 1993; 5 Kevles D. J. (e_1_2_8_20_1) 1985 e_1_2_8_2_1 e_1_2_8_5_1 e_1_2_8_4_1 e_1_2_8_9_1 Diem O. (e_1_2_8_7_1) 1905; 2 e_1_2_8_21_1 e_1_2_8_23_1 Roelcke V. (e_1_2_8_22_1) 2002; 37 e_1_2_8_17_1 e_1_2_8_18_1 e_1_2_8_19_1 e_1_2_8_13_1 e_1_2_8_15_1 e_1_2_8_16_1 Heron D. (e_1_2_8_14_1) 1907 e_1_2_8_32_1 e_1_2_8_10_1 e_1_2_8_31_1 e_1_2_8_11_1 e_1_2_8_12_1 e_1_2_8_30_1 |
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Eine statistisch‐kritische Untersuchung auf Grund eigener Beobachtungen. I. Teil publication-title: Archiv für Rassen‐ und Gesellschaftsbiologie – ident: e_1_2_8_16_1 doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19111213 – ident: e_1_2_8_30_1 doi: 10.7208/chicago/9780226891798.001.0001 – volume-title: A first study of the statistics of insanity and the inheritance of the insane diathesis year: 1907 ident: e_1_2_8_14_1 – volume: 2 start-page: 336 year: 1905 ident: e_1_2_8_8_1 article-title: Die psycho‐neurotische erbliche Belastung der Geistesgesunden und der Geisteskranken. Eine statistisch‐kritische Untersuchung auf Grund eigener Beobachtungen. I. Teil publication-title: Archiv für Rassen‐ und Gesellschaftsbiologie – ident: e_1_2_8_29_1 doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960726)67:4<323::AID-AJMG2>3.0.CO;2-N – ident: e_1_2_8_23_1 doi: 10.1176/ajp.68.2.221 – ident: e_1_2_8_4_1 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1.1.37 – ident: e_1_2_8_26_1 |
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| Snippet | While working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss‐born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98‐page article, a detailed plan for a... While working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss-born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98-page article, a detailed plan for a... |
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| SubjectTerms | Ernst Rüdin Eugenics Family Genetics Germany Goals history History, 20th Century Humans Hygiene Male Mendelian genetics National Socialism psychiatric genetics Psychiatry Risk factors |
| Title | Ernst Rüdin's, 1911 vision of a Mendelian psychiatric genetics research program: His paper “Methods and goals of family research in psychiatry” |
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