Novel 3D analysis of reduction behavior of single iron-oxide particle in CO-CO2 gas atmosphere
[Display omitted] •3D model was developed to analyze reduction of irregularly shaped iron-ore particles.•Existing models were favorable mostly to spherical particles as they are based on 1D.•Actual sintered ore was studied using the model based on the 3D diffusion equation.•The new model was validat...
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| Published in: | Chemical engineering science Vol. 271; p. 118580 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
05.05.2023
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| ISSN: | 0009-2509, 1873-4405 |
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| Abstract | [Display omitted]
•3D model was developed to analyze reduction of irregularly shaped iron-ore particles.•Existing models were favorable mostly to spherical particles as they are based on 1D.•Actual sintered ore was studied using the model based on the 3D diffusion equation.•The new model was validated using the shrinking core model and experimental data.•Effects of sphericity and pore number on reduction and gas diffusion were assessed.
The production of steel, which is achieved by the reduction of iron ores mainly through indirect reduction reactions in a blast furnace, is gradually increasing worldwide. Because the reducing gas diffuses three-dimensionally, irregular particle shapes influence the reduction through differences in the diffusion length. The analysis of actual irregularly shaped iron-ore particles using existing models is difficult because they are primarily effective for 1D systems. Therefore, a novel reduction model based on the 3D diffusion equation that accommodates irregular particle shapes and 3D systems was developed in this study. The established model was validated by reproducing experimental conditions and comparing the quantified effective diffusivity and chemical reaction rate constant using the shrinking core model. In addition, the model was used to investigate the reducing behavior of an actual sintered-ore particle and the effects of particle sphericity and macro pore content. The sintered-ore particle had a higher reduction rate than that of a spherical equivalent with the same volume because sections of the surface with shorter diffusion lengths facilitated the gas diffusion. Additionally, the particle sphericity was determined to be inversely proportional to the reduction rate because the rate of gas diffusion into the particle depended on the diffusion length. With respect to porous particles, the gas was found to readily diffuse into the particles through pores, leading to a higher reduction rate for higher pore numbers. Overall, the gas diffusion was confirmed to drive the reduction reaction. |
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| AbstractList | [Display omitted]
•3D model was developed to analyze reduction of irregularly shaped iron-ore particles.•Existing models were favorable mostly to spherical particles as they are based on 1D.•Actual sintered ore was studied using the model based on the 3D diffusion equation.•The new model was validated using the shrinking core model and experimental data.•Effects of sphericity and pore number on reduction and gas diffusion were assessed.
The production of steel, which is achieved by the reduction of iron ores mainly through indirect reduction reactions in a blast furnace, is gradually increasing worldwide. Because the reducing gas diffuses three-dimensionally, irregular particle shapes influence the reduction through differences in the diffusion length. The analysis of actual irregularly shaped iron-ore particles using existing models is difficult because they are primarily effective for 1D systems. Therefore, a novel reduction model based on the 3D diffusion equation that accommodates irregular particle shapes and 3D systems was developed in this study. The established model was validated by reproducing experimental conditions and comparing the quantified effective diffusivity and chemical reaction rate constant using the shrinking core model. In addition, the model was used to investigate the reducing behavior of an actual sintered-ore particle and the effects of particle sphericity and macro pore content. The sintered-ore particle had a higher reduction rate than that of a spherical equivalent with the same volume because sections of the surface with shorter diffusion lengths facilitated the gas diffusion. Additionally, the particle sphericity was determined to be inversely proportional to the reduction rate because the rate of gas diffusion into the particle depended on the diffusion length. With respect to porous particles, the gas was found to readily diffuse into the particles through pores, leading to a higher reduction rate for higher pore numbers. Overall, the gas diffusion was confirmed to drive the reduction reaction. |
| ArticleNumber | 118580 |
| Author | Kim, Jeong-In Iwanaga, Taiki Natsui, Shungo Kubota, Shusei Miki, Yuji Nogami, Hiroshi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jeong-In surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Jeong-In email: kim.jeongin.q1@dc.tohoku.ac.jp organization: Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan – sequence: 2 givenname: Shusei surname: Kubota fullname: Kubota, Shusei email: shuusei.kubota@daikin.co.jp organization: Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan – sequence: 3 givenname: Shungo surname: Natsui fullname: Natsui, Shungo email: shungo.natsui.b7@tohoku.ac.jp organization: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan – sequence: 4 givenname: Taiki surname: Iwanaga fullname: Iwanaga, Taiki email: ta-iwanaga@jfe-steel.co.jp organization: Steel Research Laboratory, JFE Steel Corporation, 1, Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0835, Japan – sequence: 5 givenname: Yuji surname: Miki fullname: Miki, Yuji email: y-miki@jfe-steel.co.jp organization: Steel Research Laboratory, JFE Steel Corporation, 1, Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0835, Japan – sequence: 6 givenname: Hiroshi surname: Nogami fullname: Nogami, Hiroshi email: nogami@tohoku.ac.jp organization: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan |
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| Cites_doi | 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.63.8_1229 10.1002/srin.202000047 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.63.7_1099 10.2355/isijinternational.38.324 10.3365/KJMM.2021.59.1.41 10.1007/BF02913895 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.57.9_1441 10.1007/s11663-020-01790-3 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.62.3_315 10.3390/ma14247540 10.1163/156855206777213375 10.2355/isijinternational1966.22.66 10.1007/s12613-015-1123-x 10.2355/isijinternational.38.109 10.2355/isijinternational.38.1194 10.1002/aic.690140218 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.80.6_431 10.2320/materia1962.20.775 10.1109/83.661190 10.2355/isijinternational.45.1255 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.73.10_1323 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.47.11_1617 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.68.6_592 10.1007/BF02644326 10.1179/030192304225011089 10.2355/isijinternational.38.1304 |
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| SubjectTerms | 3D diffusion model 3D reduction behavior Blast furnace Iron oxide reduction Reduction analysis |
| Title | Novel 3D analysis of reduction behavior of single iron-oxide particle in CO-CO2 gas atmosphere |
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