The association between social comparison in social media, body image concerns and eating disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Research has found that high social media use is associated with a greater tendency to compare oneself with others, which in turn may heighten body image concerns and problematic eating behaviours. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the mean association between online...
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| Vydáno v: | Body image Ročník 52; s. 101841 |
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01.03.2025
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| ISSN: | 1740-1445, 1873-6807, 1873-6807 |
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| Abstract | Research has found that high social media use is associated with a greater tendency to compare oneself with others, which in turn may heighten body image concerns and problematic eating behaviours. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the mean association between online social comparison and body image concerns, eating disorder behaviours and positive body image. Eligible articles published between 2008 and 2024 were searched for in scientific databases. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the direct correlation between social comparison and body image and eating disorder outcomes. Results from 83 studies with 55,440 participants indicated that the weighted average correlation between higher online social comparison and greater body image concerns was significant (r = .454; 95 % CI = 0.409–0.498), as was the correlation between higher social comparison and eating disorder symptoms (r = 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.28–0.43). The mean association between higher social comparison and lower positive body image was also significant (r = -0.242; 95 % CI: −0.329 to −0.155). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the quality of studies, type of social media, country, type of social comparison, percentage of female participants moderated the associations. Findings revealed a moderate size association between higher online social comparison tendencies and worse body image and eating disorder symptoms outcomes, highlighting the need to develop interventions and policies to minimize appearance comparisons on social media.
•High social media use is associated with a tendency to compare oneself with others.•Association between higher online social comparison and greater body image concerns.•Association between higher online social comparison and lower positive body image.•Association between higher online social comparison and greater eating disorders. |
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| AbstractList | Research has found that high social media use is associated with a greater tendency to compare oneself with others, which in turn may heighten body image concerns and problematic eating behaviours. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the mean association between online social comparison and body image concerns, eating disorder behaviours and positive body image. Eligible articles published between 2008 and 2024 were searched for in scientific databases. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the direct correlation between social comparison and body image and eating disorder outcomes. Results from 83 studies with 55,440 participants indicated that the weighted average correlation between higher online social comparison and greater body image concerns was significant (r = .454; 95 % CI = 0.409–0.498), as was the correlation between higher social comparison and eating disorder symptoms (r = 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.28–0.43). The mean association between higher social comparison and lower positive body image was also significant (r = -0.242; 95 % CI: −0.329 to −0.155). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the quality of studies, type of social media, country, type of social comparison, percentage of female participants moderated the associations. Findings revealed a moderate size association between higher online social comparison tendencies and worse body image and eating disorder symptoms outcomes, highlighting the need to develop interventions and policies to minimize appearance comparisons on social media.
•High social media use is associated with a tendency to compare oneself with others.•Association between higher online social comparison and greater body image concerns.•Association between higher online social comparison and lower positive body image.•Association between higher online social comparison and greater eating disorders. Research has found that high social media use is associated with a greater tendency to compare oneself with others, which in turn may heighten body image concerns and problematic eating behaviours. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the mean association between online social comparison and body image concerns, eating disorder behaviours and positive body image. Eligible articles published between 2008 and 2024 were searched for in scientific databases. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the direct correlation between social comparison and body image and eating disorder outcomes. Results from 83 studies with 55,440 participants indicated that the weighted average correlation between higher online social comparison and greater body image concerns was significant (r = .454; 95 % CI = 0.409-0.498), as was the correlation between higher social comparison and eating disorder symptoms (r = 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.28-0.43). The mean association between higher social comparison and lower positive body image was also significant (r = -0.242; 95 % CI: -0.329 to -0.155). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the quality of studies, type of social media, country, type of social comparison, percentage of female participants moderated the associations. Findings revealed a moderate size association between higher online social comparison tendencies and worse body image and eating disorder symptoms outcomes, highlighting the need to develop interventions and policies to minimize appearance comparisons on social media. Research has found that high social media use is associated with a greater tendency to compare oneself with others, which in turn may heighten body image concerns and problematic eating behaviours. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the mean association between online social comparison and body image concerns, eating disorder behaviours and positive body image. Eligible articles published between 2008 and 2024 were searched for in scientific databases. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the direct correlation between social comparison and body image and eating disorder outcomes. Results from 83 studies with 55,440 participants indicated that the weighted average correlation between higher online social comparison and greater body image concerns was significant (r = .454; 95 % CI = 0.409-0.498), as was the correlation between higher social comparison and eating disorder symptoms (r = 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.28-0.43). The mean association between higher social comparison and lower positive body image was also significant (r = -0.242; 95 % CI: -0.329 to -0.155). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the quality of studies, type of social media, country, type of social comparison, percentage of female participants moderated the associations. Findings revealed a moderate size association between higher online social comparison tendencies and worse body image and eating disorder symptoms outcomes, highlighting the need to develop interventions and policies to minimize appearance comparisons on social media.Research has found that high social media use is associated with a greater tendency to compare oneself with others, which in turn may heighten body image concerns and problematic eating behaviours. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the mean association between online social comparison and body image concerns, eating disorder behaviours and positive body image. Eligible articles published between 2008 and 2024 were searched for in scientific databases. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the direct correlation between social comparison and body image and eating disorder outcomes. Results from 83 studies with 55,440 participants indicated that the weighted average correlation between higher online social comparison and greater body image concerns was significant (r = .454; 95 % CI = 0.409-0.498), as was the correlation between higher social comparison and eating disorder symptoms (r = 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.28-0.43). The mean association between higher social comparison and lower positive body image was also significant (r = -0.242; 95 % CI: -0.329 to -0.155). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the quality of studies, type of social media, country, type of social comparison, percentage of female participants moderated the associations. Findings revealed a moderate size association between higher online social comparison tendencies and worse body image and eating disorder symptoms outcomes, highlighting the need to develop interventions and policies to minimize appearance comparisons on social media. |
| ArticleNumber | 101841 |
| Author | Rodgers, Rachel Albano, Gaia Bonfanti, Rubinia Celeste Raffard, Stéphane Lo Coco, Gianluca Melchiori, Francesco Teti, Arianna |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Rubinia Celeste surname: Bonfanti fullname: Bonfanti, Rubinia Celeste email: rubiniaceleste.bonfanti@unipa.it organization: Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Francesco surname: Melchiori fullname: Melchiori, Francesco organization: Faculty of Psychology, University Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Arianna surname: Teti fullname: Teti, Arianna organization: Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: Gaia surname: Albano fullname: Albano, Gaia organization: Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy – sequence: 5 givenname: Stéphane surname: Raffard fullname: Raffard, Stéphane organization: Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France – sequence: 6 givenname: Rachel surname: Rodgers fullname: Rodgers, Rachel organization: Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France – sequence: 7 givenname: Gianluca surname: Lo Coco fullname: Lo Coco, Gianluca organization: Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39721448$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bodyim_2025_101934 crossref_primary_10_15826_csp_2025_9_2_338 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chbr_2025_100737 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_wsif_2025_103191 crossref_primary_10_3390_bs15070849 crossref_primary_10_3390_socsci14080450 crossref_primary_10_1080_19320248_2025_2542955 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12144_025_08204_0 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12888_025_06821_4 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40337_025_01353_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_abrep_2025_100623 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12144_025_08259_z |
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| Keywords | Social comparison Eating symptoms Positive body image Body image Social media |
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| SubjectTerms | Body image Body Image - psychology Eating symptoms Feeding and Eating Disorders - psychology Female Humans Positive body image Social comparison Social Media |
| Title | The association between social comparison in social media, body image concerns and eating disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
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