An Optimal Fast-Charging Strategy for Lithium-Ion Batteries via an Electrochemical–Thermal Model with Intercalation-Induced Stresses and Film Growth

Optimal fast charging is an important factor in battery management systems (BMS). Traditional charging strategies for lithium-ion batteries, such as the constant current–constant voltage (CC–CV) pattern, do not take capacity aging mechanisms into account, which are not only disadvantageous in the li...

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Published in:	Energies (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 9; p. 2388
Main Authors:	Chen, Guangwei, Liu, Zhitao, Su, Hongye
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 01.05.2020
Subjects:	Aging Control algorithms Control theory electrochemical–thermal model Electrolytes fast charging Lithium lithium-ion battery Optimization Partial differential equations Researchers
ISSN:	1996-1073, 1996-1073
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Abstract	Optimal fast charging is an important factor in battery management systems (BMS). Traditional charging strategies for lithium-ion batteries, such as the constant current–constant voltage (CC–CV) pattern, do not take capacity aging mechanisms into account, which are not only disadvantageous in the life-time usage of the batteries, but also unsafe. In this paper, we employ the dynamic optimization (DP) method to achieve the optimal charging current curve for a lithium-ion battery by introducing limits on the intercalation-induced stresses and the solid–liquid interface film growth based on an electrochemical–thermal model. Furthermore, the backstepping technique is utilized to control the temperature to avoid overheating. This paper concentrates on solving the issue of minimizing charging time in a given target State of Charge (SoC), while limiting the capacity loss caused by intercalation-induced stresses and film formation. The results indicate that the proposed optimal charging method in this paper offers a good compromise between the charging time and battery aging.
AbstractList	Optimal fast charging is an important factor in battery management systems (BMS). Traditional charging strategies for lithium-ion batteries, such as the constant current–constant voltage (CC–CV) pattern, do not take capacity aging mechanisms into account, which are not only disadvantageous in the life-time usage of the batteries, but also unsafe. In this paper, we employ the dynamic optimization (DP) method to achieve the optimal charging current curve for a lithium-ion battery by introducing limits on the intercalation-induced stresses and the solid–liquid interface film growth based on an electrochemical–thermal model. Furthermore, the backstepping technique is utilized to control the temperature to avoid overheating. This paper concentrates on solving the issue of minimizing charging time in a given target State of Charge (SoC), while limiting the capacity loss caused by intercalation-induced stresses and film formation. The results indicate that the proposed optimal charging method in this paper offers a good compromise between the charging time and battery aging.
Author	Su, Hongye Chen, Guangwei Liu, Zhitao
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Guangwei orcidid: 0000-0002-8864-565X surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Guangwei – sequence: 2 givenname: Zhitao orcidid: 0000-0002-2150-5548 surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Zhitao – sequence: 3 givenname: Hongye surname: Su fullname: Su, Hongye
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SubjectTerms	Aging Control algorithms Control theory electrochemical–thermal model Electrolytes fast charging Lithium lithium-ion battery Optimization Partial differential equations Researchers
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Title	An Optimal Fast-Charging Strategy for Lithium-Ion Batteries via an Electrochemical–Thermal Model with Intercalation-Induced Stresses and Film Growth
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