Architecture-independent parallel computation
The major parallel architecture classes are considered: single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) computers, tightly coupled multiple-instruction multiple-data (MIMD) computers, hypercuboid computers and constant-valence MIMD computers. An argument that the PRAM model is universal over tightly coupled...
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| Vydáno v: | Computer (Long Beach, Calif.) Ročník 23; číslo 12; s. 38 - 50 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
United States
IEEE
01.12.1990
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| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0018-9162, 1558-0814 |
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| Abstract | The major parallel architecture classes are considered: single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) computers, tightly coupled multiple-instruction multiple-data (MIMD) computers, hypercuboid computers and constant-valence MIMD computers. An argument that the PRAM model is universal over tightly coupled and hypercube systems, but not over constant-valence-topology, loosely coupled-system is reviewed, showing precisely how the PRAM model is too powerful to permit broad universality. Ways in which a model of computation can be restricted to become universal over less powerful architectures are discussed. The Bird-Meertens formalism (R.S. Bird, 1989), is introduced and it is shown how it is used to express computations in a compact way. It is also shown that the Bird-Meertens formalism is universal over all four architecture classes and that nontrivial restrictions of functional programming languages exist that can be efficiently executed on disparate architectures. The use of the Bird-Meertens formalism as the basis for a programming language is discussed, and it is shown that it is expressive enough to be used for general programming. Other models and programming languages with architecture-independent properties are reviewed.< > |
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| AbstractList | The major parallel architecture classes are considered: SIMD computers, tightly coupled MIMD computers, hypercuboid computers, and constant-valence MIMD computers. An argument that the PRAM model is universal over tightly coupled and hypercube systems, but not over constant-valence-topology, loosely coupled-system is reviewed, showing precisely how the PRAM model is too powerful to permit broad universality. Ways in which a model of computation can be restricted to become universal over less powerful architectures are discussed. The Bird-Meertens formalism (BMF) is introduced, and it is shown how it is used to express computations in a compact way. It is also shown that the BMF is universal over all four architecture classes and that nontrivial restrictions of functional programming languages exist that can be efficiently executed on disparate architectures. The use of the BMF as the basis for a programming language is discussed, and it is shown that it is expressive enough to be used for general programming. Other models and programming languages with architecture-independent properties are reviewed. (I.E.) The major parallel architecture classes are considered: single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) computers, tightly coupled multiple-instruction multiple-data (MIMD) computers, hypercuboid computers and constant-valence MIMD computers. An argument that the PRAM model is universal over tightly coupled and hypercube systems, but not over constant-valence-topology, loosely coupled-system is reviewed, showing precisely how the PRAM model is too powerful to permit broad universality. Ways in which a model of computation can be restricted to become universal over less powerful architectures are discussed. The Bird-Meertens formalism (R.S. Bird, 1989), is introduced and it is shown how it is used to express computations in a compact way. It is also shown that the Bird-Meertens formalism is universal over all four architecture classes and that nontrivial restrictions of functional programming languages exist that can be efficiently executed on disparate architectures. The use of the Bird-Meertens formalism as the basis for a programming language is discussed, and it is shown that it is expressive enough to be used for general programming. Other models and programming languages with architecture-independent properties are reviewed The major parallel architecture classes are considered: single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) computers, tightly coupled multiple-instruction multiple-data (MIMD) computers, hypercuboid computers and constant-valence MIMD computers. An argument that the PRAM model is universal over tightly coupled and hypercube systems, but not over constant-valence-topology, loosely coupled-system is reviewed, showing precisely how the PRAM model is too powerful to permit broad universality. Ways in which a model of computation can be restricted to become universal over less powerful architectures are discussed. The Bird-Meertens formalism (R.S. Bird, 1989), is introduced and it is shown how it is used to express computations in a compact way. It is also shown that the Bird-Meertens formalism is universal over all four architecture classes and that nontrivial restrictions of functional programming languages exist that can be efficiently executed on disparate architectures. The use of the Bird-Meertens formalism as the basis for a programming language is discussed, and it is shown that it is expressive enough to be used for general programming. Other models and programming languages with architecture-independent properties are reviewed.< > Locality-based computation, the foundation for an architecture-independent programming language grounded in the Bird-Mertens formalism, shows that architecture-independent parallel programming is possible. In this article, the author considers four major parallel architecture classes: single instruction, multiple data or SIMD computers, tightly coupled multiple instruction, multiple data or tightly coupled MIMD computers, hypercuboid computers, and constant-valence MIMD computers. The article reviews Valiant's argument that the PRAM model is universal over tightly coupled and hypercube systems, but not over constant-valence-topology, loosely coupled systems - thus showing precisely how the PRAM model is too powerful to permit broad universality; discusses ways in which a model of computation can be restricted to become universal over less powerful architectures; introduces the Bird-Meertens formalism and shows how it is used to express computations in a compact way; shows the result that the Bird-Meertens formalism is universal over all four architecture classes - the main result of the article - and shows that nontrivial restrictions of functional programming languages exist that can be efficiently executed on disparate architectures; discusses how the Bird-Meertens formalism is the basis for a programming language and shows that it is expressive enough to be used for general programming; and reviews other models and programming languages with architecture-independent properties. |
| Author | Skillicorn, D.B. |
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| References | ref1s meertens (ref12s) 1986 bird (ref7s) 1987 bird (ref6s) 1987 ref11 bird (ref8s) 1988 ref10 valiant (ref2) 1989 back (ref3s) 1989; 375 valiant (ref4) 1987 bokhari (ref5) 1984 ref1 back (ref2s) 1989; 366 ref9s backus (ref5s) 1989 goguen (ref8) 1988 ref11s ref4s ref7 chandy (ref10s) 1988 ref9 ref3 ref6 ref14s ranade (ref13s) 1989 |
| References_xml | – year: 1988 ident: ref8s publication-title: Lectures on Constructive Functional Programming – volume: 375 start-page: 115 year: 1989 ident: ref3s publication-title: Mathematics of Program Construction 98 doi: 10.1007/3-540-51305-1_7 – ident: ref4s doi: 10.1145/359576.359579 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1007/BF00264615 – year: 1988 ident: ref8 publication-title: Introducing OBJ – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1093/comjnl/32.2.122 – year: 1989 ident: ref5s publication-title: FL Language Manual Parts 1 and 2 – year: 1987 ident: ref6s publication-title: A Calculus of Functions for Program Derivation – year: 1988 ident: ref10s publication-title: Parallel Program Design A Foundation – ident: ref11s doi: 10.1007/3540512845_30 – year: 1989 ident: ref2 publication-title: General Purpose Parallel Architectures – year: 1987 ident: ref4 article-title: Optimally Universal Parallel Computers publication-title: Proc Royal Soc – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1007/3-540-51305-1_24 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1007/3-540-51305-1_23 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1109/2.86786 – start-page: 3 year: 1987 ident: ref7s publication-title: Logic of Programming and Calculi of Discrete Design – start-page: 289 year: 1986 ident: ref12s article-title: Algorithmics ? Towards Programming as a Mathematical Activity publication-title: Proc Dutch Center for Math and Computer Science (CWI) Symp Math and Computer Science – year: 1989 ident: ref13s publication-title: Fluent Parallel Computation – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1145/322217.322232 – start-page: 338 year: 1984 ident: ref5 article-title: Augmenting Computer Networks publication-title: Proc Int'l Conf Parallel Processing – volume: 366 start-page: 199 year: 1989 ident: ref2s publication-title: PARLE 89 Parallel Architectures and Languages Europe doi: 10.1007/3-540-51285-3_42 – ident: ref14s doi: 10.1145/79173.79181 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1145/53990.54021 – ident: ref1s doi: 10.1109/12.2244 – ident: ref9s doi: 10.1109/12.42122 |
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| Title | Architecture-independent parallel computation |
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