A Model for Naturalistic Programming with Implementation

While the use of natural language for software development has been proposed since the 1960s, it was limited by the inherent ambiguity of natural languages, which people resolve using reasoning in a text or conversation. Programming languages are formal general-purpose or domain-specific alternative...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:Applied sciences Ročník 9; číslo 18; s. 3936
Hlavní autoři: Pulido-Prieto, Oscar, Juárez-Martínez, Ulises
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Basel MDPI AG 01.09.2019
Témata:
Ambiguity
Application programming interface
Controlled Natural English
Documentation
expressiveness
formal languages
general-purpose programming
Language
Natural language
naturalistic programming
Programmers
Programming languages
Semantics
Software
Syntax
very high-level languages
ISSN:2076-3417, 2076-3417
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract While the use of natural language for software development has been proposed since the 1960s, it was limited by the inherent ambiguity of natural languages, which people resolve using reasoning in a text or conversation. Programming languages are formal general-purpose or domain-specific alternatives based on mathematical formalism and which are at a remove from natural language. Over the years, various authors have presented studies in which they attempted to use a subset of the English language for solving particular problems. Each author approached the problem by covering particular domains, rather than focusing on describing general elements that would help other authors develop general-purpose languages, instead focusing even more on domain-specific languages. The identification of common elements in these studies reveals characteristics that enable the design and implementation of general-purpose naturalistic languages, which requires the establishment of a programming model. This article presents a conceptual model which describes the elements required for designing general-purpose programming languages and which integrates abstraction, temporal elements and indirect references into its grammar. Moreover, as its grammar resembles natural language, thus reducing the gap between problem and solution domains, a naturalistic language prototype is presented, as are three test scenarios which demonstrate its characteristics.
AbstractList While the use of natural language for software development has been proposed since the 1960s, it was limited by the inherent ambiguity of natural languages, which people resolve using reasoning in a text or conversation. Programming languages are formal general-purpose or domain-specific alternatives based on mathematical formalism and which are at a remove from natural language. Over the years, various authors have presented studies in which they attempted to use a subset of the English language for solving particular problems. Each author approached the problem by covering particular domains, rather than focusing on describing general elements that would help other authors develop general-purpose languages, instead focusing even more on domain-specific languages. The identification of common elements in these studies reveals characteristics that enable the design and implementation of general-purpose naturalistic languages, which requires the establishment of a programming model. This article presents a conceptual model which describes the elements required for designing general-purpose programming languages and which integrates abstraction, temporal elements and indirect references into its grammar. Moreover, as its grammar resembles natural language, thus reducing the gap between problem and solution domains, a naturalistic language prototype is presented, as are three test scenarios which demonstrate its characteristics.
Featured ApplicationA general-purpose naturalistic language can be used to develop software systems using a syntax closer to natural languages, but formal enough to avoid ambiguity. This is useful for tasks such as requirement transformation, maintenance and software evolution.AbstractWhile the use of natural language for software development has been proposed since the 1960s, it was limited by the inherent ambiguity of natural languages, which people resolve using reasoning in a text or conversation. Programming languages are formal general-purpose or domain-specific alternatives based on mathematical formalism and which are at a remove from natural language. Over the years, various authors have presented studies in which they attempted to use a subset of the English language for solving particular problems. Each author approached the problem by covering particular domains, rather than focusing on describing general elements that would help other authors develop general-purpose languages, instead focusing even more on domain-specific languages. The identification of common elements in these studies reveals characteristics that enable the design and implementation of general-purpose naturalistic languages, which requires the establishment of a programming model. This article presents a conceptual model which describes the elements required for designing general-purpose programming languages and which integrates abstraction, temporal elements and indirect references into its grammar. Moreover, as its grammar resembles natural language, thus reducing the gap between problem and solution domains, a naturalistic language prototype is presented, as are three test scenarios which demonstrate its characteristics.
Author Juárez-Martínez, Ulises
Pulido-Prieto, Oscar
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Oscar
  orcidid: 0000-0002-2356-3418
  surname: Pulido-Prieto
  fullname: Pulido-Prieto, Oscar
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Ulises
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5911-3136
  surname: Juárez-Martínez
  fullname: Juárez-Martínez, Ulises
BookMark eNptUE1LAzEUDKJgrb34Cxa8CavJJrtJjqX4UagfBz2HfNaU3c2aTRH_vdEqivgu7zHMDPPmCOz3obcAnCB4jjGHF3IYOGKY42YPTCpImxITRPd_3YdgNo4bmIcjzBCcADYvboOxbeFCLO5k2kbZ-jF5XTzEsI6y63y_Ll59ei6W3dDazvZJJh_6Y3DgZDva2deegqery8fFTbm6v14u5qtS4walEjmlueMcK2wsZNQQ7YzRGNWkqikhDTbOUa0tsoQ4blFtuZKmQVoip1WFp2C58zVBbsQQfSfjmwjSi08gxLWQMedtrbAqP0p4TSVTBCrCEDKK0YZlRDLqstfpzmuI4WVrxyQ2YRv7HF9UNcYN4ajCmQV3LB3DOEbrhPa7n1OUvhUIio-6xU_dWXL2R_Id9B_yO8mRgcQ
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3390_app9245558
Cites_doi 10.1109/MS.2003.1241372
10.1145/1176617.1176628
10.1109/RAISE.2015.9
10.1145/97945.97982
10.1145/966051.966058
10.1007/978-3-540-85658-0
10.1145/1056808.1056975
10.1007/11860990_11
10.1017/CBO9780511620614.008
10.1145/1040830.1040908
10.1017/CBO9781139166317
10.1007/BFb0053371
10.1145/365230.365274
10.1145/3109481
10.1109/TIT.1956.1056813
10.1145/2048237.2048243
10.1007/11671299_34
10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.002
10.1145/2593801.2593809
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
CCPQU
DWQXO
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PKEHL
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
DOA
DOI 10.3390/app9183936
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
DOAJ Open Access Full Text
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
DatabaseTitleList CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Open Access Full Text
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: ProQuest Publicly Available Content
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Sciences (General)
EISSN 2076-3417
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_eb2074957a8b40b4811db876857aa87f
10_3390_app9183936
GroupedDBID .4S
2XV
5VS
7XC
8CJ
8FE
8FG
8FH
AADQD
AAFWJ
AAYXX
ADBBV
ADMLS
AFFHD
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFZYC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
APEBS
ARCSS
BCNDV
BENPR
CCPQU
CITATION
CZ9
D1I
D1J
D1K
GROUPED_DOAJ
IAO
IGS
K6-
K6V
KC.
KQ8
L6V
LK5
LK8
M7R
MODMG
M~E
OK1
P62
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PROAC
TUS
ABUWG
AZQEC
DWQXO
PKEHL
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-1fbc9f993b3de087d4cfddc31542574463dff7cce1e44f9e15e9bad61ca1fcb23
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount 2
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000489115200294&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2076-3417
IngestDate Fri Oct 03 12:50:39 EDT 2025
Fri Aug 29 11:18:17 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:16:17 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 21:41:32 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 18
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c361t-1fbc9f993b3de087d4cfddc31542574463dff7cce1e44f9e15e9bad61ca1fcb23
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ORCID 0000-0002-2356-3418
0000-0002-5911-3136
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/eb2074957a8b40b4811db876857aa87f
PQID 2533649123
PQPubID 2032433
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_eb2074957a8b40b4811db876857aa87f
proquest_journals_2533649123
crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_app9183936
crossref_primary_10_3390_app9183936
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2019-09-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2019-09-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2019
  text: 2019-09-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Basel
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Basel
PublicationTitle Applied sciences
PublicationYear 2019
Publisher MDPI AG
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
References Lyons (ref_9) 1977; 2
Biermann (ref_4) 1980; 6
ref_14
ref_36
ref_35
ref_12
ref_34
ref_11
ref_33
ref_10
Kuhn (ref_25) 2014; 96
ref_32
ref_30
ref_19
ref_18
ref_17
ref_39
ref_16
ref_38
ref_15
ref_37
Lopes (ref_5) 2003; 38
Sammet (ref_1) 1966; 9
ref_24
Weigelt (ref_31) 2016; 27
ref_23
ref_22
ref_21
ref_20
ref_3
ref_2
ref_29
ref_28
ref_27
ref_26
ref_8
Chomsky (ref_13) 1956; 2
ref_7
ref_6
References_xml – ident: ref_7
– ident: ref_28
– volume: 6
  start-page: 71
  year: 1980
  ident: ref_4
  article-title: Toward Natural Language Computation
  publication-title: Comput. Linguist.
– ident: ref_3
  doi: 10.1109/MS.2003.1241372
– volume: 27
  start-page: 839
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_31
  article-title: NLCI: A natural language command interpreter
  publication-title: Autom. Softw. Eng.
– ident: ref_26
– ident: ref_34
– ident: ref_11
– ident: ref_39
– ident: ref_37
– ident: ref_14
– ident: ref_12
  doi: 10.1145/1176617.1176628
– ident: ref_35
– ident: ref_23
– ident: ref_8
– ident: ref_30
  doi: 10.1109/RAISE.2015.9
– ident: ref_32
  doi: 10.1145/97945.97982
– ident: ref_29
– ident: ref_33
– volume: 38
  start-page: 34
  year: 2003
  ident: ref_5
  article-title: Beyond AOP: Toward Naturalistic Programming
  publication-title: SIGPLAN Not.
  doi: 10.1145/966051.966058
– ident: ref_24
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-85658-0
– ident: ref_10
– ident: ref_16
  doi: 10.1145/1056808.1056975
– ident: ref_20
  doi: 10.1007/11860990_11
– volume: 2
  start-page: 636
  year: 1977
  ident: ref_9
  article-title: Deixis, space and time
  publication-title: Semantics
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511620614.008
– ident: ref_15
– ident: ref_27
  doi: 10.1145/1040830.1040908
– ident: ref_18
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139166317
– ident: ref_2
  doi: 10.1007/BFb0053371
– ident: ref_36
– ident: ref_19
– volume: 9
  start-page: 228
  year: 1966
  ident: ref_1
  article-title: The Use of English As a Programming Language
  publication-title: Commun. ACM
  doi: 10.1145/365230.365274
– ident: ref_22
– ident: ref_21
  doi: 10.1145/3109481
– volume: 2
  start-page: 113
  year: 1956
  ident: ref_13
  article-title: Three models for the description of language
  publication-title: IRE Trans. Inf. Theory
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.1956.1056813
– ident: ref_6
  doi: 10.1145/2048237.2048243
– ident: ref_17
  doi: 10.1007/11671299_34
– volume: 96
  start-page: 121
  year: 2014
  ident: ref_25
  article-title: Verifiable Source Code Documentation in Controlled Natural Language
  publication-title: Sci. Comput. Program.
  doi: 10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.002
– ident: ref_38
  doi: 10.1145/2593801.2593809
SSID ssj0000913810
Score 2.1379018
Snippet While the use of natural language for software development has been proposed since the 1960s, it was limited by the inherent ambiguity of natural languages,...
Featured ApplicationA general-purpose naturalistic language can be used to develop software systems using a syntax closer to natural languages, but formal...
SourceID doaj
proquest
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
StartPage 3936
SubjectTerms Ambiguity
Application programming interface
Controlled Natural English
Documentation
expressiveness
formal languages
general-purpose programming
Language
Natural language
naturalistic programming
Programmers
Programming languages
Semantics
Software
Syntax
very high-level languages
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpZ3PSysxEMcHf7yDHvz5xPqLgB70sLjZbHeTk6gonkoRBW9LMknkgW21rf79TtK0faB48bqbhWUnM_nOJPsZgJO6rQxa7zKdW0pQtMJMGuPJ8SgWWi6q3JrYbKLudOTTk-qmgtsoHaucxsQYqO0AQ438vCBdUpWKAu3F61sWukaF3dXUQmMRlgOpjOb58tVNp3s_q7IE6qXk-YRLKii_D_vCKqiCyGSer0QR2P8lHsdF5nb9t6-3AWtJXrLLyXzYhAXX34LV_6CDW7CZ3HnEThNz-mwb5CULXdFeGGlY1tERxhERzqw7OcDVo2dZKNqyyBPupV-W-n_h8fbm4fouS00VMhQVH2fcG1SeVIkR1uWytiV6a1GQlCLvpeRQWO9rRMddWXrleNspo23FUXOPphA7sNQf9N0uMOS5dxWXeW2xRIvS-0LpAkkUaCWEacHZ9AM3mIjjofHFS0OZRzBGMzdGC45nY18nnI1vR10FO81GBDZ2vDAYPjfJ1RpnCtJFql1racrclJJzayjoS7qiZe1bcDA1YZMcdtTM7bf38-19WCHNlI6ZHcDSePjuDuEPfoz_jYZHaf59AgnE5nU
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title A Model for Naturalistic Programming with Implementation
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2533649123
https://doaj.org/article/eb2074957a8b40b4811db876857aa87f
Volume 9
WOSCitedRecordID wos000489115200294&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Open Access Full Text
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Publicly Available Content
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2076-3417
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000913810
  issn: 2076-3417
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1NS8QwEB1EPehBXD9w_SKgBz0Um023TY6uKHpwKaKgp5JMEhB0ld3V3-8kjbqg4MVjQ0rLTGfmvXb6BuCw6iuD1rtM55YIilaYSWM8BR7lQstFmVsTh01Uw6G8v1f1zKiv0BPWygO3hjsh5kdVTvUrLU2Rm0Jybg2FsKQVLSsfsm9eqRkyFXOw4kG6qtUjFcTrw_dgFdBA1GL-rkBRqP9HHo7F5WIVVhIqZKft3XRgzo3WYHlGK3ANOikKJ-woSUUfr4M8ZWGY2RMj6MmGOmpoROVlVrd9V890LgvvWlmUAX5OfxqNNuDu4vz27DJLsxAyFCWfZtwbVJ7AhBHW5bKyBXprURACoqAjTies9xWi464ovHK875TRtuSouUfTE5swP3oZuS1gyHPvSi7zymKBFqX3PaV7SLVcKyFMF44_7dNgEgoP8yqeGiIMwZbNty27cPC197WVx_h11yCY-WtHkLSOC-ToJjm6-cvRXdj9dFKT4mzS9AitloWi8rv9H9fYgSUCRKmHbBfmp-M3tweL-D59nIz3YWFwPqxv9uOjRkf11XX98AFIctne
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Nb9QwEB1VWyTgALSAWChgCZDoISKOs4l9QKh8VF21Xe2hSOUU7LFdVWp3y-4C4k_1N3bsOLtIIG49cE2cQzIvb9744w3Ay3qgDFrvMp1bKlC0wkwa4-nHIy60XFS5NbHZRD0ayeNjNV6Dy-4sTNhW2XFiJGo7xTBH_qYgXVKVioj23cW3LHSNCqurXQuNFhb77tdPKtnmb4cfKb6vimL309GHvSx1FchQVHyRcW9QeUrLRliXy9qW6K1FQVqC4EvVkbDe14iOu7L0yvGBU0bbiqPmHk0wOiDKXy_D6B6sj4eH4y_LWZ3gsil53vqgCqHysA6tggqJHtCrzBcbBPzB_zGp7d793z7HPbiT5DPbafG-AWtusgm3fzNV3ISNRFdz9jp5am_fB7nDQte3M0YanY10NBuJFtVs3G5QO6dnWZiUZtEv-TwdyZo8gM_X8j4PoTeZTtwjYMhz7you89piiRal94XSBZLo0UoI04ftLqANJkf10NjjrKHKKgS_WQW_Dy-WYy9aH5G_jnofcLEcEby_44Xp7KRJVNI4U5DuU4NaS1PmppScW0NJTdIVLWvfh60OMk0ipHmzwsvjf99-Djf3jg4PmoPhaP8J3CJ9mLbUbUFvMfvunsIN_LE4nc-eJewz-Hrd-LoCNyFHVQ
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Bb9MwFH6aOoTgAGyAKAywBEjsEC2O08Q-IDQYFdWgygGkcQr2s42Qtna0BcRf49fx7DgtEojbDlwd55D48_c-28_fA3hcj5RB612mc0sLFK0wk8Z4mnjEhZaLKrcmFpuop1N5cqKaLfjZ34UJaZU9J0aitnMMe-QHBemSqlREtAc-pUU0R-Pn51-yUEEqnLT25TQ6iBy7H99p-bZ8NjmisX5SFONX716-zlKFgQxFxVcZ9waVpxBthHW5rG2J3loUpCsIyrRSEtb7GtFxV5ZeOT5yymhbcdTcowmmB0T_2yTJy2IA283kbfNhvcMTHDclzztPVCFUHs6kVVAk0Q96EwVjsYA_YkEMcOPr__OvuQHXkqxmh9082IEtN9uFq7-ZLe7CTqKxJXuavLb3b4I8ZKEa3Ckj7c6mOpqQROtq1nSJa2f0Lgub1Sz6KJ-lq1qzW_D-Qr7nNgxm85m7Awx57l3FZV5bLNGi9L5QukASQ1oJYYaw3w9ui8lpPRT8OG1pxRWA0G6AMIRH677nnb_IX3u9CBhZ9wie4LFhvvjUJoppnSlID6pRraUpc1NKzq2hYCepRcvaD2Gvh0-biGrZbrBz99-PH8JlAlX7ZjI9vgdXSDamTLs9GKwWX919uITfVp-XiwdpGjD4eNHw-gWnyVAV
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Model+for+Naturalistic+Programming+with+Implementation&rft.jtitle=Applied+sciences&rft.au=Pulido-Prieto%2C+Oscar&rft.au=Ju%C3%A1rez-Mart%C3%ADnez%2C+Ulises&rft.date=2019-09-01&rft.issn=2076-3417&rft.eissn=2076-3417&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3936&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fapp9183936&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_3390_app9183936
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon