Associations of Immune Cell Subsets With Coronary Artery Calcium Incidence and Progression in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease. In the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study, we used a case-cohort approach to explore associations of 28 immune cell subsets measured at baseline (2000-2002) wit...

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Vydané v:	Journal of the American Heart Association Ročník 14; číslo 19; s. e042502
Hlavní autori:	Patel, Riddhi D., Buzkova, Petra, Huber, Sally, Landay, Alan, Budoff, Matthew, Bis, Joshua C., Olson, Nels, Rich, Stephen, Heckbert, Susan R., Manichaikul, Ani, Floyd, James, Tracy, Russell P., Psaty, Bruce M., Doyle, Margaret F., Sitlani, Colleen M, Delaney, Joseph A.C., Fohner, Alison E., Feinstein, Matthew J.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	England Wiley 07.10.2025
Predmet:	Aged Coronary Angiography coronary artery calcium Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging Coronary Artery Disease - epidemiology Coronary Artery Disease - ethnology Coronary Artery Disease - immunology Coronary Vessels - diagnostic imaging Disease Progression Female Humans immune cells Incidence inflammation Killer Cells, Natural - immunology Male Middle Aged Monocytes - immunology Prospective Studies Risk Factors subclinical atherosclerosis United States - epidemiology Vascular Calcification - diagnostic imaging Vascular Calcification - epidemiology Vascular Calcification - ethnology Vascular Calcification - immunology United States immune cells coronary artery calcium inflammation subclinical atherosclerosis
ISSN:	2047-9980, 2047-9980
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Abstract	Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease. In the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study, we used a case-cohort approach to explore associations of 28 immune cell subsets measured at baseline (2000-2002) with longitudinal changes in coronary artery calcium (CAC). We examined incident CAC from examination 2 (2002-2004) through examination 5 (2010-2012) in participants with 0 CAC at baseline using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. In participants with CAC >0 at baseline, we analyzed changes in CAC through examination 5 using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models. Because no studies have investigated immune cells and longitudinal CAC changes, analyses were considered exploratory, with <0.05 as the threshold for possible significance. Of 975 participants with immune cells subsets and CAC measurements at baseline, 378 had CAC 0 at baseline (mean age, 58.4; 37.0% men) and 597 had CAC >0 at baseline (mean age, 65.7; 57.6% men). Natural killer cells were associated with higher incident CAC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26 per SD higher natural killer cell proportion; =0.03), whereas T helper type cells were associated with lower incident CAC (HR, 0.81; =0.04). B cells were associated with CAC progression (β=53.1 Agatston units per SD higher B-cell proportion, =0.04), whereas CD14+CD16+ monocytes (β=-71.6; =0.03) and T regulatory cells (β=-61.9; =0.03) were associated with lower CAC progression. Natural killer cells may be associated with incident CAC and T regulatory cells may be associated with attenuated CAC progression, among other findings. These warrant replication and experimental investigation.
AbstractList	Background Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease. Methods In the MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study, we used a case‐cohort approach to explore associations of 28 immune cell subsets measured at baseline (2000–2002) with longitudinal changes in coronary artery calcium (CAC). We examined incident CAC from examination 2 (2002–2004) through examination 5 (2010–2012) in participants with 0 CAC at baseline using multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression. In participants with CAC >0 at baseline, we analyzed changes in CAC through examination 5 using multivariable‐adjusted linear mixed models. Because no studies have investigated immune cells and longitudinal CAC changes, analyses were considered exploratory, with P<0.05 as the threshold for possible significance. Results Of 975 participants with immune cells subsets and CAC measurements at baseline, 378 had CAC 0 at baseline (mean age, 58.4; 37.0% men) and 597 had CAC >0 at baseline (mean age, 65.7; 57.6% men). Natural killer cells were associated with higher incident CAC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26 per SD higher natural killer cell proportion; P=0.03), whereas T helper type cells were associated with lower incident CAC (HR, 0.81; P=0.04). B cells were associated with CAC progression (β=53.1 Agatston units per SD higher B‐cell proportion, P=0.04), whereas CD14+CD16+ monocytes (β=−71.6; P=0.03) and T regulatory cells (β=−61.9; P=0.03) were associated with lower CAC progression. Conclusions Natural killer cells may be associated with incident CAC and T regulatory cells may be associated with attenuated CAC progression, among other findings. These warrant replication and experimental investigation. Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease.BACKGROUNDLimited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease.In the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study, we used a case-cohort approach to explore associations of 28 immune cell subsets measured at baseline (2000-2002) with longitudinal changes in coronary artery calcium (CAC). We examined incident CAC from examination 2 (2002-2004) through examination 5 (2010-2012) in participants with 0 CAC at baseline using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. In participants with CAC >0 at baseline, we analyzed changes in CAC through examination 5 using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models. Because no studies have investigated immune cells and longitudinal CAC changes, analyses were considered exploratory, with P<0.05 as the threshold for possible significance.METHODSIn the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study, we used a case-cohort approach to explore associations of 28 immune cell subsets measured at baseline (2000-2002) with longitudinal changes in coronary artery calcium (CAC). We examined incident CAC from examination 2 (2002-2004) through examination 5 (2010-2012) in participants with 0 CAC at baseline using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. In participants with CAC >0 at baseline, we analyzed changes in CAC through examination 5 using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models. Because no studies have investigated immune cells and longitudinal CAC changes, analyses were considered exploratory, with P<0.05 as the threshold for possible significance.Of 975 participants with immune cells subsets and CAC measurements at baseline, 378 had CAC 0 at baseline (mean age, 58.4; 37.0% men) and 597 had CAC >0 at baseline (mean age, 65.7; 57.6% men). Natural killer cells were associated with higher incident CAC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26 per SD higher natural killer cell proportion; P=0.03), whereas T helper type cells were associated with lower incident CAC (HR, 0.81; P=0.04). B cells were associated with CAC progression (β=53.1 Agatston units per SD higher B-cell proportion, P=0.04), whereas CD14+CD16+ monocytes (β=-71.6; P=0.03) and T regulatory cells (β=-61.9; P=0.03) were associated with lower CAC progression.RESULTSOf 975 participants with immune cells subsets and CAC measurements at baseline, 378 had CAC 0 at baseline (mean age, 58.4; 37.0% men) and 597 had CAC >0 at baseline (mean age, 65.7; 57.6% men). Natural killer cells were associated with higher incident CAC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26 per SD higher natural killer cell proportion; P=0.03), whereas T helper type cells were associated with lower incident CAC (HR, 0.81; P=0.04). B cells were associated with CAC progression (β=53.1 Agatston units per SD higher B-cell proportion, P=0.04), whereas CD14+CD16+ monocytes (β=-71.6; P=0.03) and T regulatory cells (β=-61.9; P=0.03) were associated with lower CAC progression.Natural killer cells may be associated with incident CAC and T regulatory cells may be associated with attenuated CAC progression, among other findings. These warrant replication and experimental investigation.CONCLUSIONSNatural killer cells may be associated with incident CAC and T regulatory cells may be associated with attenuated CAC progression, among other findings. These warrant replication and experimental investigation. Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease. In the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study, we used a case-cohort approach to explore associations of 28 immune cell subsets measured at baseline (2000-2002) with longitudinal changes in coronary artery calcium (CAC). We examined incident CAC from examination 2 (2002-2004) through examination 5 (2010-2012) in participants with 0 CAC at baseline using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. In participants with CAC >0 at baseline, we analyzed changes in CAC through examination 5 using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models. Because no studies have investigated immune cells and longitudinal CAC changes, analyses were considered exploratory, with <0.05 as the threshold for possible significance. Of 975 participants with immune cells subsets and CAC measurements at baseline, 378 had CAC 0 at baseline (mean age, 58.4; 37.0% men) and 597 had CAC >0 at baseline (mean age, 65.7; 57.6% men). Natural killer cells were associated with higher incident CAC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26 per SD higher natural killer cell proportion; =0.03), whereas T helper type cells were associated with lower incident CAC (HR, 0.81; =0.04). B cells were associated with CAC progression (β=53.1 Agatston units per SD higher B-cell proportion, =0.04), whereas CD14+CD16+ monocytes (β=-71.6; =0.03) and T regulatory cells (β=-61.9; =0.03) were associated with lower CAC progression. Natural killer cells may be associated with incident CAC and T regulatory cells may be associated with attenuated CAC progression, among other findings. These warrant replication and experimental investigation.
Author	Fohner, Alison E. Feinstein, Matthew J. Landay, Alan Sitlani, Colleen M Bis, Joshua C. Patel, Riddhi D. Psaty, Bruce M. Rich, Stephen Buzkova, Petra Delaney, Joseph A.C. Tracy, Russell P. Manichaikul, Ani Heckbert, Susan R. Budoff, Matthew Doyle, Margaret F. Huber, Sally Olson, Nels Floyd, James
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Snippet	Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease. In the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of... Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease.BACKGROUNDLimited data exist on... Background Limited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease. Methods In the MESA...
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SubjectTerms	Aged Coronary Angiography coronary artery calcium Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging Coronary Artery Disease - epidemiology Coronary Artery Disease - ethnology Coronary Artery Disease - immunology Coronary Vessels - diagnostic imaging Disease Progression Female Humans immune cells Incidence inflammation Killer Cells, Natural - immunology Male Middle Aged Monocytes - immunology Prospective Studies Risk Factors subclinical atherosclerosis United States - epidemiology Vascular Calcification - diagnostic imaging Vascular Calcification - epidemiology Vascular Calcification - ethnology Vascular Calcification - immunology
Title	Associations of Immune Cell Subsets With Coronary Artery Calcium Incidence and Progression in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
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