Optimal decarbonization strategies for an industrial port area by using hydrogen as energy carrier
This article discusses possible strategies for decarbonizing the energy systems of an existing port. The approach consists in creating a complete superstructure that includes the use of renewable and fossil energy sources, the import or local production of hydrogen, vehicles and other equipment powe...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | International journal of hydrogen energy Ročník 52; s. 1084 - 1103 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
Elsevier Ltd
02.01.2024
|
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0360-3199, 1879-3487 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | This article discusses possible strategies for decarbonizing the energy systems of an existing port. The approach consists in creating a complete superstructure that includes the use of renewable and fossil energy sources, the import or local production of hydrogen, vehicles and other equipment powered by Diesel, electricity or hydrogen and the associated refuelling and storage units. Two substructures are then identified, one including all these options, the other considering also the addition of the energy demand of an adjacent steel industry. The goal is to select from each of these two substructures the most cost-effective configurations for 2030 and 2050 that meet the emission targets for those years under different cost scenarios for the energy sources and conversion/storage units, obtained from the most reliable forecasts found in the literature. To this end, the minimum total cost of all the energy conversion and storage units plus the associated infrastructures is sought by setting up a Mixed Integer Linear programming optimization problem, where integer variables handle the inclusion of the different generation and storage units and their activation in the operational phases. The comprehensive picture of possible solutions set allows identifying which options can most realistically be realized in the years to come in relation to the different assumed cost scenarios. Optimization results related to the scenario projected to 2030 indicate the key role played by Diesel hybrid and electric systems, while considering the most stringent, or much more stringent, scenarios for emissions in 2050, almost all vehicles energy demand and industry hydrogen demand is met by hydrogen imported as ammonia by ship.
•Energy/hydrogen demands of industry and port equipment/vehicles are considered.•32 optimization runs are performed under different cost and emission scenarios.•Optimal set of decarbonization strategies is selected for a real industrial port area.•Electrification/hybridization play a key role in medium/long-term decarbonization.•Hydrogen technologies ensure a deep decarbonization of the system in 2050. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | This article discusses possible strategies for decarbonizing the energy systems of an existing port. The approach consists in creating a complete superstructure that includes the use of renewable and fossil energy sources, the import or local production of hydrogen, vehicles and other equipment powered by Diesel, electricity or hydrogen and the associated refuelling and storage units. Two substructures are then identified, one including all these options, the other considering also the addition of the energy demand of an adjacent steel industry. The goal is to select from each of these two substructures the most cost-effective configurations for 2030 and 2050 that meet the emission targets for those years under different cost scenarios for the energy sources and conversion/storage units, obtained from the most reliable forecasts found in the literature. To this end, the minimum total cost of all the energy conversion and storage units plus the associated infrastructures is sought by setting up a Mixed Integer Linear programming optimization problem, where integer variables handle the inclusion of the different generation and storage units and their activation in the operational phases. The comprehensive picture of possible solutions set allows identifying which options can most realistically be realized in the years to come in relation to the different assumed cost scenarios. Optimization results related to the scenario projected to 2030 indicate the key role played by Diesel hybrid and electric systems, while considering the most stringent, or much more stringent, scenarios for emissions in 2050, almost all vehicles energy demand and industry hydrogen demand is met by hydrogen imported as ammonia by ship.
•Energy/hydrogen demands of industry and port equipment/vehicles are considered.•32 optimization runs are performed under different cost and emission scenarios.•Optimal set of decarbonization strategies is selected for a real industrial port area.•Electrification/hybridization play a key role in medium/long-term decarbonization.•Hydrogen technologies ensure a deep decarbonization of the system in 2050. |
| Author | Taccani, Rodolfo Pivetta, Davide Volpato, Gabriele Da Lio, Luca Carraro, Gianluca Lazzaretto, Andrea Dall’Armi, Chiara |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Davide orcidid: 0000-0002-8560-0595 surname: Pivetta fullname: Pivetta, Davide organization: Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Gabriele orcidid: 0000-0002-4989-4151 surname: Volpato fullname: Volpato, Gabriele organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Gianluca orcidid: 0000-0002-1698-4812 surname: Carraro fullname: Carraro, Gianluca organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: Chiara orcidid: 0000-0001-6460-2885 surname: Dall’Armi fullname: Dall’Armi, Chiara organization: Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy – sequence: 5 givenname: Luca surname: Da Lio fullname: Da Lio, Luca organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy – sequence: 6 givenname: Andrea orcidid: 0000-0003-3799-8110 surname: Lazzaretto fullname: Lazzaretto, Andrea organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia 1, 35131, Padova, Italy – sequence: 7 givenname: Rodolfo surname: Taccani fullname: Taccani, Rodolfo email: taccani@units.it organization: Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy |
| BookMark | eNqFkF9LwzAUxYNMcJt-BckXaE2aNm3BB2X4DwZ70eeQpDc1ZSYj6YT66c2cvviypwuHew7n_BZo5rwDhK4pySmh_GbI7fA-deAgL0jBclLnhDRnaE6bus1Y2dQzNCeMk4zRtr1AixgHQmhNynaO1GY32g-5xR1oGZR39kuO1jscxyBH6C1EbHzA0mHrun1SbXre-TBiGUBiNeF9tK7HqUHwPTgsI05VQj_hFBgshEt0buQ2wtXvXaK3x4fX1XO23jy9rO7XmU7dxqxsSKtpqZiuTCMV4ZJxw5XmJikVgDZdYVTJVK06LQmvoJGV1hWTbasKXbIluj3m6uBjDGCEtuPPmDTFbgUl4sBLDOKPlzjwEqQWiVey83_2XUhkwnTaeHc0Qhr3mQaLqC04DZ0NoEfReXsq4hvOe491 |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enconman_2025_119543 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_renene_2025_124047 crossref_primary_10_3390_en18184972 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecmx_2025_101011 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_00894_7 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2025_3588822 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_est_2025_116551 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cosust_2024_101478 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2025_150905 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2025_05_285 crossref_primary_10_2478_rtuect_2024_0069 crossref_primary_10_3390_app15095211 crossref_primary_10_3390_en17102398 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2025_02_316 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_renene_2024_120979 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_12_075 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2025_178377 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2025_03_174 crossref_primary_10_3390_en17153729 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2024_124645 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2025_150202 crossref_primary_10_3390_app14209531 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.11.110 10.1039/D1CP00359C 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.02.124 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.06.070 10.3390/en15041453 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111226 10.1016/j.rser.2019.04.069 10.3390/cleantechnol3020028 10.3390/en12071320 10.3390/en16042022 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131255 10.3390/s21155041 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114423 10.1016/j.erss.2022.102565 10.3390/jmse10020231 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.007 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115197 10.3390/en10060763 10.1109/TIE.2018.2816011 10.1016/j.erss.2021.102208 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125448 10.3390/en15020541 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106555 10.1016/j.trd.2020.102391 10.1016/S1474-6670(17)53769-6 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.10.271 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.07.142 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2023 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2023 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EISSN | 1879-3487 |
| EndPage | 1103 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_j_ijhydene_2023_07_008 S0360319923033785 |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M .~1 0R~ 1B1 1~. 1~5 29J 4.4 457 4G. 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AABNK AABXZ AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAHCO AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AARJD AARLI AAXUO ABFNM ABJNI ABMAC ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACNNM ACRLP ADBBV ADECG ADEZE ADMUD AEBSH AEKER AENEX AEZYN AFKWA AFRZQ AFTJW AFZHZ AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHIDL AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV AJSZI ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BELTK BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FLBIZ FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W JARJE KOM LY6 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG RNS ROL RPZ SAC SCB SCC SDF SDG SES SEW SPC SPCBC SSK SSM SSR SSZ T5K T9H TN5 WUQ XPP ZMT ~G- 9DU AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP CITATION EFKBS ~HD |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c360t-4809c14b3c5f8ab06a36f6bc6f3c55eecfd2fb43b7bdca065e8a5cc53a99b2c43 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 23 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001139058600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0360-3199 |
| IngestDate | Tue Nov 18 22:06:26 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 07:19:30 EST 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:34:38 EST 2024 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Hard-to-abate industry Industrial port area RES LP MILP TEU PV HP HRS PEME Water electrolysis H2 Hydrogen carrier Port decarbonization GH2 Cargo handling equipment CO2,eq LH2 NH3 IPA WT |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c360t-4809c14b3c5f8ab06a36f6bc6f3c55eecfd2fb43b7bdca065e8a5cc53a99b2c43 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4989-4151 0000-0002-8560-0595 0000-0001-6460-2885 0000-0003-3799-8110 0000-0002-1698-4812 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008 |
| PageCount | 20 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2023_07_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2023_07_008 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2023_07_008 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2024-01-02 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2024-01-02 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 01 year: 2024 text: 2024-01-02 day: 02 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationTitle | International journal of hydrogen energy |
| PublicationYear | 2024 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd |
| References | Viktorsson, Heinonen, Skulason, Unnthorsson (bib68) 2017; 10 ElectricityMap n.d. (accessed March 14, 2023).. Williamsson, Costa, Santén, Rogerson (bib29) 2022; 14 Wei, Gu, Chu (bib13) 2019; 66 Hurskainen (bib32) 2017 Gabrielli, Gazzani, Martelli, Mazzotti (bib63) 2018; 219 JRC Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) - European Commission n.d. Consonni, Lozza, Macchi (bib60) 1989 (accessed March 15, 2022).. Python.org website n.d. (bib27) 2022 Ito, Yokoyama, Akagi, Yamaguchi, Matsumoto (bib59) 1988; 21 Dall'Armi, Pivetta, Taccani (bib62) 2022; 47 Dall'Armi, Pivetta, Taccani (bib22) 2023; 16 Sustainable Ports as Energy Hubs n.d. Cunanan, Tran, Lee, Kwok, Leung, Fowler (bib11) 2021; 3 International Energy Agency (IEA) - The Future of Hydrogen n.d. Riaz, Sarker, Saad, Mohamed (bib67) 2021; 21 SUstainable Ports in the Adriatic-Ionian Region – SUPAIR n.d. U.S. Department of Energy. Chapter five: Infrastructure n.d. Vogl, Åhman, Nilsson (bib39) 2018; 203 Rech (bib61) 2013 (accessed March 26, 2023). Kalmar Global n.d. Graf, Holm, Wiberg (bib41) 2017 Wang, Peng, Li, Qi, Feng, Zhang (bib17) 2019; 191 Mallouppas, Ioannou, Yfantis (bib26) 2022; 15 Pivetta, Dall'Armi, Taccani (bib42) 2022; 10 Kim, Rahimi, Newell (bib12) 2011; vol. 6 Rødseth, Schøyen, Wangsness (bib4) 2020; 85 Iris, Lam (bib9) 2019; 112 Sifakis, Tsoutsos (bib10) 2021; 286 bib44 Haskel High Pressure Technology - Hydrogen Solutions n.d. BrainBlog (bib34) 2022 Densberger, Bachkar (bib15) 2022; 347 (accessed March 15, 2022). (accessed March 16, 2022).. Eu Action n.d. Kim, Sovacool, Bazilian, Griffiths, Lee, Yang (bib37) 2022; 89 Petkov, Gabrielli (bib24) 2020; 274 Kinnon, Razeghi, Samuelsen (bib20) 2021; 147 Useable battery capacity of full electric vehicles cheatsheet - EV Database n.d. Klanšek (bib57) 2015; 30 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (Unctad). Review of maritime transport. n.d. Renquist, Dickman, Bradley (bib35) 2012; 37 Rech (bib58) 2019; 12 (accessed March 16, 2022). Prousalidis, Antonopoulos, Patsios, Greig, Bucknall (bib18) 2014 2014 E-Rtg - Cavotec Sa n.d. van Biert, Godjevac, Visser, Aravind (bib21) 2016; 327 (accessed May 22, 2023).. Ahamad, Othman, Vasquez, Guerrero, Su (bib16) 2018; 2018 Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme (TWAP) — GEF TWAP n.d. Minutillo, Perna, Forcina, Di Micco, Jannelli (bib31) 2021; 46 Pivetta, Dall'Armi, Taccani (bib23) 2021; 46 Electric Tractor Units Are in Trouble. Where Is The Way Out? | by Moneyball | Medium n.d. Geerlings, Heij, van Duin (bib19) 2018 31 2018; 3 Nicholas (bib52) 2019 (bib28) 2022 Griffiths, Sovacool, Kim, Bazilian, Uratani (bib5) 2021; 80 Hydrogen refueling technologies - Linde Engineering n.d. (bib56) 2022 Gurobi Optimization website n.d. Di Ilio, Di Giorgio, Tribioli, Bella, Jannelli (bib14) 2021; 243 Perna, Minutillo, Di Micco, Jannelli (bib55) 2022; 15 Sciberras, Zahawi, Atkinson, Juandó, Sarasquete (bib7) 2014 JuicePump 75 and Flexi 150 - EV Commercial Fast Charging Station | Enel X n.d. J2601: Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles - SAE International n.d. Fossil free steel - SSAB n.d. (accessed March 9, 2023).. EV Charging | Electric Vehicle Chargers | ABB n.d. Edge, O'Kane, Prosser, Kirkaldy, Patel, Hales (bib49) 2021; 23 Merk (bib3) 2010 XCMG - 45 ton electric reach stacker for container-Reach Stacker-Xuzhou Unique Construction Machinery Co.,Ltd n.d. BrainBlog (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib34) 2022 Pivetta (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib23) 2021; 46 Dall'Armi (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib22) 2023; 16 Graf (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib41) 2017 Kim (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib12) 2011; vol. 6 Viktorsson (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib68) 2017; 10 Densberger (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib15) 2022; 347 Mallouppas (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib26) 2022; 15 Minutillo (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib31) 2021; 46 Vogl (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib39) 2018; 203 Wang (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib17) 2019; 191 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib25 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib69 Renquist (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib35) 2012; 37 Ito (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib59) 1988; 21 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib66 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib65 van Biert (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib21) 2016; 327 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib64 Ahamad (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib16) 2018; 2018 Sifakis (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib10) 2021; 286 Dall'Armi (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib62) 2022; 47 Di Ilio (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib14) 2021; 243 Williamsson (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib29) 2022; 14 Rødseth (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib4) 2020; 85 Rech (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib58) 2019; 12 Kim (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib37) 2022; 89 Iris (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib9) 2019; 112 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib56 Geerlings (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib19) 2018; 3 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib54 Perna (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib55) 2022; 15 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib8 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib53 Edge (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib49) 2021; 23 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib51 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib50 Sciberras (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib7) 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib1 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib2 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib6 Klanšek (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib57) 2015; 30 Consonni (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib60) 1989 Riaz (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib67) 2021; 21 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib48 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib47 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib46 (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib28) 2022 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib45 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib43 Nicholas (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib52) 2019 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib40 Kinnon (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib20) 2021; 147 Gabrielli (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib63) 2018; 219 Wei (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib13) 2019; 66 Merk (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib3) 2010 Pivetta (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib42) 2022; 10 Prousalidis (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib18) 2014 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib38 Petkov (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib24) 2020; 274 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib36 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib33 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib32 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib30 (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib27) 2022 Rech (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib61) 2013 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib70 Griffiths (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib5) 2021; 80 Cunanan (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib11) 2021; 3 |
| References_xml | – reference: JRC Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) - European Commission n.d. – volume: 10 start-page: 231 year: 2022 ident: bib42 article-title: Multi-objective optimization of a hydrogen hub for the decarbonization of a port industrial area publication-title: J Mar Sci Eng – volume: 23 start-page: 8200 year: 2021 end-page: 8221 ident: bib49 article-title: Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know publication-title: Phys Chem Chem Phys – reference: (accessed March 16, 2022). – reference: Fossil free steel - SSAB n.d. – start-page: 33 year: 2017 end-page: 56 ident: bib41 article-title: Neutral hardening and annealing publication-title: Furn Atmos No2 – reference: XCMG - 45 ton electric reach stacker for container-Reach Stacker-Xuzhou Unique Construction Machinery Co.,Ltd n.d. – reference: JuicePump 75 and Flexi 150 - EV Commercial Fast Charging Station | Enel X n.d. – start-page: 2299 year: 2014 2014 ident: bib18 article-title: Green shipping in emission controlled areas: Combining smart grids and cold ironing publication-title: Proc - 2014 Int Conf Electr Mach ICEM – year: 2013 ident: bib61 article-title: Analisi e ottimizzazione della configurazione di un macrosistema di conversione di energia – year: 2022 ident: bib27 article-title: Global hydrogen trade to meet the 1.5°C Climate goal: (Part I) trade Outlook for 2050 and way forward – reference: ElectricityMap n.d. – year: 2022 ident: bib34 publication-title: EU Energy Outlook 2050: How will the European electricity market develop over the next 30 years? – year: 2022 ident: bib56 article-title: World energy Outlook – volume: 327 start-page: 345 year: 2016 end-page: 364 ident: bib21 article-title: A review of fuel cell systems for maritime applications publication-title: J Power Sources – reference: Sustainable Ports as Energy Hubs n.d. – reference: SUstainable Ports in the Adriatic-Ionian Region – SUPAIR n.d. – volume: 3 start-page: 1 year: 2018 31 2018 end-page: 20 ident: bib19 article-title: Opportunities for peak shaving the energy demand of ship-to-shore quay cranes at container terminals publication-title: J Shipp Trade – volume: 37 start-page: 12054 year: 2012 end-page: 12059 ident: bib35 article-title: Economic comparison of fuel cell powered forklifts to battery powered forklifts publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy – reference: E-Rtg - Cavotec Sa n.d. – reference: EV Charging | Electric Vehicle Chargers | ABB n.d. – reference: (accessed March 15, 2022).. – year: 2019 ident: bib52 article-title: Estimating electric vehicle charging infrastructure costs across major U.S. metropolitan areas – start-page: 184 year: 2010 ident: bib3 article-title: The Competitiveness of global port-Cities – volume: 16 start-page: 2022 year: 2023 ident: bib22 article-title: Hybrid PEM fuel cell power plants fuelled by hydrogen for improving Sustainability in shipping: state of the Art and review on active Projects publication-title: Energies – reference: International Energy Agency (IEA) - The Future of Hydrogen n.d. – volume: 274 year: 2020 ident: bib24 article-title: Power-to-hydrogen as seasonal energy storage: an uncertainty analysis for optimal design of low-carbon multi-energy systems publication-title: Appl Energy – volume: 46 start-page: 13667 year: 2021 end-page: 13677 ident: bib31 article-title: Analyzing the levelized cost of hydrogen in refueling stations with on-site hydrogen production via water electrolysis in the Italian scenario publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy – volume: vol. 6 start-page: 321 year: 2011 ident: bib12 publication-title: Life-cycle emissions from port electrification: a case study of cargo handling tractors at the port of Los Angeles – reference: (accessed March 14, 2023).. – volume: 80 year: 2021 ident: bib5 article-title: Industrial decarbonization via hydrogen: a critical and systematic review of developments, socio-technical systems and policy options publication-title: Energy Res Soc Sci – reference: (accessed March 15, 2022). – reference: J2601: Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles - SAE International n.d. – volume: 66 start-page: 132 year: 2019 end-page: 140 ident: bib13 article-title: The dynamic power control technology for the high power Lithium battery hybrid rubber-tired gantry (RTG) crane publication-title: IEEE Trans Ind Electron – reference: Eu Action n.d. – volume: 191 year: 2019 ident: bib17 article-title: A two-stage framework for the optimal design of a hybrid renewable energy system for port application publication-title: Ocean Eng – volume: 46 start-page: 35949 year: 2021 end-page: 35960 ident: bib23 article-title: Multi-objective optimization of hybrid PEMFC/Li-ion battery propulsion systems for small and medium size ferries publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy – reference: Transboundary Waters Assessment Programme (TWAP) — GEF TWAP n.d. – volume: 203 start-page: 736 year: 2018 end-page: 745 ident: bib39 article-title: Assessment of hydrogen direct reduction for fossil-free steelmaking publication-title: J Clean Prod – volume: 21 start-page: 5041 year: 2021 ident: bib67 article-title: Review on comparison of different energy storage technologies used in Micro-energy Harvesting, WSNs, low-cost Microelectronic Devices: Challenges and Recommendations publication-title: Sensors – reference: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (Unctad). Review of maritime transport. n.d. – year: 1989 ident: bib60 article-title: Optimization of Cogeneration systems operation—Part B: solution Algorithm and examples of optimum operating strategies publication-title: ASME int. Symp. Turbomachinery, Comb. Technol. Cogener. – year: 2014 ident: bib7 article-title: Cold ironing and onshore generation for airborne emission reductions in ports – volume: 2018 year: 2018 ident: bib16 article-title: Optimal sizing and performance evaluation of a renewable energy based microgrid in future seaports publication-title: Proc IEEE Int Conf Ind Technol – volume: 21 start-page: 371 year: 1988 end-page: 377 ident: bib59 article-title: Optimal operational Planning of a gas turbine combined heat and power plant based on the Mixed-integer programming publication-title: IFAC Proc – year: 2022 ident: bib28 article-title: Global hydrogen trade to meet the 1.5°C Climate goal: (Part II) technology review of hydrogen carriers publication-title: Glob Hydrog trade to meet 15°C Clim goal Technol Rev Hydrog carriers – volume: 15 start-page: 1453 year: 2022 ident: bib26 article-title: A review of the latest trends in the Use of green ammonia as an energy carrier in maritime industry publication-title: Energies – volume: 219 start-page: 408 year: 2018 end-page: 424 ident: bib63 article-title: Optimal design of multi-energy systems with seasonal storage publication-title: Appl Energy – reference: Python.org website n.d. – volume: 243 year: 2021 ident: bib14 article-title: Preliminary design of a fuel cell/battery hybrid powertrain for a heavy-duty yard truck for port logistics publication-title: Energy Convers Manag – reference: Hydrogen refueling technologies - Linde Engineering n.d. – reference: (accessed May 22, 2023).. – reference: (accessed March 16, 2022). – reference: Electric Tractor Units Are in Trouble. Where Is The Way Out? | by Moneyball | Medium n.d. – volume: 286 year: 2021 ident: bib10 article-title: Planning zero-emissions ports through the nearly zero energy port concept publication-title: J Clean Prod – volume: 12 start-page: 1320 year: 2019 ident: bib58 article-title: Smart energy systems: Guidelines for modelling and optimizing a fleet of Units of different configurations publication-title: Energies – volume: 347 year: 2022 ident: bib15 article-title: Towards accelerating the adoption of zero emissions cargo handling technologies in California ports: Lessons learned from the case of the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach publication-title: J Clean Prod – reference: (accessed March 9, 2023).. – reference: Kalmar Global n.d. – reference: Gurobi Optimization website n.d. – volume: 112 start-page: 170 year: 2019 end-page: 182 ident: bib9 article-title: A review of energy efficiency in ports: operational strategies, technologies and energy management systems publication-title: Renew Sustain Energy Rev – volume: 47 start-page: 11428 year: 2022 end-page: 11440 ident: bib62 article-title: Uncertainty analysis of the optimal health-conscious operation of a hybrid PEMFC coastal ferry publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy – year: 2017 ident: bib32 article-title: Industrial oxygen demand in Finland – reference: (accessed March 26, 2023). – volume: 85 year: 2020 ident: bib4 article-title: Decomposing growth in Norwegian seaport container throughput and associated air pollution publication-title: Transp Res Part D Transp Environ – volume: 3 start-page: 474 year: 2021 end-page: 489 ident: bib11 article-title: A review of heavy-duty vehicle powertrain technologies: diesel engine vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles publication-title: Clean Technol – reference: (accessed March 16, 2022).. – volume: 147 year: 2021 ident: bib20 article-title: The role of fuel cells in port microgrids to support sustainable goods movement publication-title: Renew Sustain Energy Rev – reference: Haskel High Pressure Technology - Hydrogen Solutions n.d. – ident: bib44 article-title: Electric forklift battery Program Expanding to 25 models by 2020 n.d – volume: 10 start-page: 763 year: 2017 ident: bib68 article-title: A step towards the hydrogen Economy—a life cycle cost analysis of A hydrogen refueling station publication-title: Energies – volume: 30 start-page: 135 year: 2015 end-page: 144 ident: bib57 article-title: A comparison between MILP and MINLP approaches to optimal solution of Nonlinear Discrete Transportation Problem publication-title: Vilnius Gedim Tech Univ – volume: 14 start-page: 6072 year: 2022 ident: bib29 article-title: Barriers and Drivers to the implementation of Onshore power supply—a literature review publication-title: Sustain Times – volume: 89 year: 2022 ident: bib37 article-title: Decarbonizing the iron and steel industry: a systematic review of sociotechnical systems, technological innovations, and policy options publication-title: Energy Res Soc Sci – volume: 15 start-page: 541 year: 2022 ident: bib55 article-title: Design and costs analysis of hydrogen refuelling stations based on different hydrogen sources and plant configurations publication-title: Energies – reference: (accessed March 15, 2022).. – reference: U.S. Department of Energy. Chapter five: Infrastructure n.d. – reference: Useable battery capacity of full electric vehicles cheatsheet - EV Database n.d. – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib36 – volume: 46 start-page: 13667 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib31 article-title: Analyzing the levelized cost of hydrogen in refueling stations with on-site hydrogen production via water electrolysis in the Italian scenario publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.11.110 – volume: 23 start-page: 8200 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib49 article-title: Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know publication-title: Phys Chem Chem Phys doi: 10.1039/D1CP00359C – year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib27 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib32 – volume: 203 start-page: 736 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib39 article-title: Assessment of hydrogen direct reduction for fossil-free steelmaking publication-title: J Clean Prod doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 – volume: 3 start-page: 1 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib19 article-title: Opportunities for peak shaving the energy demand of ship-to-shore quay cranes at container terminals publication-title: J Shipp Trade – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib65 – volume: 46 start-page: 35949 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib23 article-title: Multi-objective optimization of hybrid PEMFC/Li-ion battery propulsion systems for small and medium size ferries publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.02.124 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib2 – volume: 14 start-page: 6072 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib29 article-title: Barriers and Drivers to the implementation of Onshore power supply—a literature review publication-title: Sustain Times – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib6 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib69 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib51 – volume: 37 start-page: 12054 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib35 article-title: Economic comparison of fuel cell powered forklifts to battery powered forklifts publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.06.070 – volume: 15 start-page: 1453 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib26 article-title: A review of the latest trends in the Use of green ammonia as an energy carrier in maritime industry publication-title: Energies doi: 10.3390/en15041453 – year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib28 article-title: Global hydrogen trade to meet the 1.5°C Climate goal: (Part II) technology review of hydrogen carriers – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib70 – year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib52 – volume: 147 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib20 article-title: The role of fuel cells in port microgrids to support sustainable goods movement publication-title: Renew Sustain Energy Rev doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111226 – year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib61 – volume: 112 start-page: 170 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib9 article-title: A review of energy efficiency in ports: operational strategies, technologies and energy management systems publication-title: Renew Sustain Energy Rev doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.04.069 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib33 – volume: 3 start-page: 474 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib11 article-title: A review of heavy-duty vehicle powertrain technologies: diesel engine vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles publication-title: Clean Technol doi: 10.3390/cleantechnol3020028 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib43 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib64 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib48 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib50 – volume: 12 start-page: 1320 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib58 article-title: Smart energy systems: Guidelines for modelling and optimizing a fleet of Units of different configurations publication-title: Energies doi: 10.3390/en12071320 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib54 – volume: 16 start-page: 2022 year: 2023 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib22 article-title: Hybrid PEM fuel cell power plants fuelled by hydrogen for improving Sustainability in shipping: state of the Art and review on active Projects publication-title: Energies doi: 10.3390/en16042022 – volume: 347 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib15 article-title: Towards accelerating the adoption of zero emissions cargo handling technologies in California ports: Lessons learned from the case of the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach publication-title: J Clean Prod doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131255 – volume: 21 start-page: 5041 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib67 article-title: Review on comparison of different energy storage technologies used in Micro-energy Harvesting, WSNs, low-cost Microelectronic Devices: Challenges and Recommendations publication-title: Sensors doi: 10.3390/s21155041 – volume: 243 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib14 article-title: Preliminary design of a fuel cell/battery hybrid powertrain for a heavy-duty yard truck for port logistics publication-title: Energy Convers Manag doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114423 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib38 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib40 – volume: 89 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib37 article-title: Decarbonizing the iron and steel industry: a systematic review of sociotechnical systems, technological innovations, and policy options publication-title: Energy Res Soc Sci doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2022.102565 – volume: 10 start-page: 231 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib42 article-title: Multi-objective optimization of a hydrogen hub for the decarbonization of a port industrial area publication-title: J Mar Sci Eng doi: 10.3390/jmse10020231 – start-page: 33 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib41 article-title: Neutral hardening and annealing publication-title: Furn Atmos No2 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib8 – volume: 2018 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib16 article-title: Optimal sizing and performance evaluation of a renewable energy based microgrid in future seaports publication-title: Proc IEEE Int Conf Ind Technol – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib47 – volume: 30 start-page: 135 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib57 article-title: A comparison between MILP and MINLP approaches to optimal solution of Nonlinear Discrete Transportation Problem publication-title: Vilnius Gedim Tech Univ – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib30 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib53 – start-page: 184 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib3 – volume: 327 start-page: 345 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib21 article-title: A review of fuel cell systems for maritime applications publication-title: J Power Sources doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.007 – year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib60 article-title: Optimization of Cogeneration systems operation—Part B: solution Algorithm and examples of optimum operating strategies – volume: 274 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib24 article-title: Power-to-hydrogen as seasonal energy storage: an uncertainty analysis for optimal design of low-carbon multi-energy systems publication-title: Appl Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115197 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib66 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib1 – volume: 10 start-page: 763 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib68 article-title: A step towards the hydrogen Economy—a life cycle cost analysis of A hydrogen refueling station publication-title: Energies doi: 10.3390/en10060763 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib45 – volume: 66 start-page: 132 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib13 article-title: The dynamic power control technology for the high power Lithium battery hybrid rubber-tired gantry (RTG) crane publication-title: IEEE Trans Ind Electron doi: 10.1109/TIE.2018.2816011 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib25 – year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib34 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib46 – volume: 80 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib5 article-title: Industrial decarbonization via hydrogen: a critical and systematic review of developments, socio-technical systems and policy options publication-title: Energy Res Soc Sci doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2021.102208 – start-page: 2299 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib18 article-title: Green shipping in emission controlled areas: Combining smart grids and cold ironing publication-title: Proc - 2014 Int Conf Electr Mach ICEM – volume: 286 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib10 article-title: Planning zero-emissions ports through the nearly zero energy port concept publication-title: J Clean Prod doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125448 – volume: 15 start-page: 541 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib55 article-title: Design and costs analysis of hydrogen refuelling stations based on different hydrogen sources and plant configurations publication-title: Energies doi: 10.3390/en15020541 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib7 – volume: 191 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib17 article-title: A two-stage framework for the optimal design of a hybrid renewable energy system for port application publication-title: Ocean Eng doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106555 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib56 – volume: 85 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib4 article-title: Decomposing growth in Norwegian seaport container throughput and associated air pollution publication-title: Transp Res Part D Transp Environ doi: 10.1016/j.trd.2020.102391 – volume: 21 start-page: 371 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib59 article-title: Optimal operational Planning of a gas turbine combined heat and power plant based on the Mixed-integer programming publication-title: IFAC Proc doi: 10.1016/S1474-6670(17)53769-6 – volume: vol. 6 start-page: 321 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib12 – volume: 47 start-page: 11428 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib62 article-title: Uncertainty analysis of the optimal health-conscious operation of a hybrid PEMFC coastal ferry publication-title: Int J Hydrogen Energy doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.10.271 – volume: 219 start-page: 408 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008_bib63 article-title: Optimal design of multi-energy systems with seasonal storage publication-title: Appl Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.07.142 |
| SSID | ssj0017049 |
| Score | 2.5561917 |
| Snippet | This article discusses possible strategies for decarbonizing the energy systems of an existing port. The approach consists in creating a complete... |
| SourceID | crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 1084 |
| SubjectTerms | Cargo handling equipment Hard-to-abate industry Hydrogen carrier Industrial port area Port decarbonization Water electrolysis |
| Title | Optimal decarbonization strategies for an industrial port area by using hydrogen as energy carrier |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.008 |
| Volume | 52 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos001139058600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021 customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3487 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0017049 issn: 0360-3199 databaseCode: AIEXJ dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELaWLQc4oPISBYp84LbKkt04iX2sUGlBqCBRqr1FtuOIXaXZVTat2p_BP2YmtpMAlQpCXKLI0dix55M9M54HIa9By9DapEkA6gQPWKFNoGIdBrFKwlyAHjRro_jPPqYnJ3yxEJ9Ho-8-FuayTKuKX12JzX9lNbQBszF09i_Y3XUKDfAOTIcnsB2ef8T4T7AJnOPVi9GyVmsfaDnZNj4rhPOcnCz7sh0ohU8kCJAojl609oNv13m9hlGwEo2xEYLQIRa4Gwq0P1sUB3koOnJL223BsLs2VmJt3ek7XJ2ty41sazpNjqSqMe69vx_BWvT2E6AZ67T1Bvay9P4aAkFrXQiWspZDe8actfaMXvvtAm16ryYb3IXHha2lNDV2r-apCCJmz-vfTgJrlFhNlyuYL8x0inXi2zytIe_Pvs4j8QuOgAOAShZFKY_vkJ15Ggs-JjsH7w8XH7qrqdTpVP6PBmHnN492s8QzkGJOd8kDp37QAwubh2Rkqkfk_iAp5WOiHIDoLwCiPYAoAIjKivYAogggigCi6pq2AKIeAVRuqQUBdQB6Qr6-Ozx9exy4ShyBhmk2AeOh0DOmIh0XXKowkVFSJEonBbTExuginxeKRSpVuZYg1RouY63jSAqh5ppFT8m4WlfmGaF4zWx4nofSMAbCqGBcQZ8sNzOWGj3bI7FfrUy7NPVYLaXMvD_iKvOrnOEqZyF6UPA98qaj29hELbdSCM-MzImbVozMAEO30D7_B9oX5F6P-5dk3NQXZp_c1ZfNclu_cnD7AZgYrmM |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Optimal+decarbonization+strategies+for+an+industrial+port+area+by+using+hydrogen+as+energy+carrier&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+hydrogen+energy&rft.au=Pivetta%2C+Davide&rft.au=Volpato%2C+Gabriele&rft.au=Carraro%2C+Gianluca&rft.au=Dall%E2%80%99Armi%2C+Chiara&rft.date=2024-01-02&rft.pub=Elsevier+Ltd&rft.issn=0360-3199&rft.eissn=1879-3487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijhydene.2023.07.008&rft.externalDocID=S0360319923033785 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0360-3199&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0360-3199&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0360-3199&client=summon |