Perceptual Learning Modules (PLM) in CS1: a Negative Result and a Methodological Warning
Perceptual Learning Modules (PLMs) is a variation of Perceptual Learning based on multiple-choice questionnaires. There exists successful research of the use of PLMs in math and flight training. The possibility of designing and adopting PLMs in Introductory Programming Courses (CS1) is still an open...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | J.UCS (Annual print and CD-ROM archive ed.) Ročník 29; číslo 9; s. 988 - 1009 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
Bristol
Pensoft Publishers
01.01.2023
Graz University of Technology |
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0948-695X, 0948-6968 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | Perceptual Learning Modules (PLMs) is a variation of Perceptual Learning based on multiple-choice questionnaires. There exists successful research of the use of PLMs in math and flight training. The possibility of designing and adopting PLMs in Introductory Programming Courses (CS1) is still an open area of study. The goal of this study is to test whether students that received a PLM training on recognising segments of programs will perform better at writing programs. Two PLM interventions were administered to students. The first intervention was a nonrandom controlled experiment, in which students opted to answer the PLM questionnaire (N=40), while the control group consisted of students that did not answer it (N=629). The second intervention was a randomized controlled experiment with a placebo, in which students were randomly assigned to perform either the PLM questionnaire (N=51) or another a placebo activity (N=51). The different forms of analysis of the first experiment results yielded Cohen's d ranging from 0.23 to 0.34 in favor of the PLM intervention. For the second experiment, the effect size was d = -0.11 against the PLM intervention, but the two results were significant. We believe that the cautious conclusion is that there is a null effect in using a PLM activity as part of a CS1 course. The paper is also of interest because of the methodological decisions and techniques used. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Perceptual Learning Modules (PLMs) is a variation of Perceptual Learning based on multiple-choice questionnaires. There exists successful research of the use of PLMs in math and flight training. The possibility of designing and adopting PLMs in Introductory Programming Courses (CS1) is still an open area of study. The goal of this study is to test whether students that received a PLM training on recognising segments of programs will perform better at writing programs. Two PLM interventions were administered to students. The first intervention was a nonrandom controlled experiment, in which students opted to answer the PLM questionnaire (N=40), while the control group consisted of students that did not answer it (N=629). The second intervention was a randomized controlled experiment with a placebo, in which students were randomly assigned to perform either the PLM questionnaire (N=51) or another a placebo activity (N=51). The different forms of analysis of the first experiment results yielded Cohen's d ranging from 0.23 to 0.34 in favor of the PLM intervention. For the second experiment, the effect size was d = -0.11 against the PLM intervention, but the two results were significant. We believe that the cautious conclusion is that there is a null effect in using a PLM activity as part of a CS1 course. The paper is also of interest because of the methodological decisions and techniques used. Perceptual Learning Modules (PLMs) is a variation of Perceptual Learning based on multiple-choice questionnaires. There exists successful research of the use of PLMs in math and flight training. The possibility of designing and adopting PLMs in Introductory Programming Courses (CS1) is still an open area of study. The goal of this study is to test whether students that received a PLM training on recognising segments of programs will perform better at writing programs. Two PLM interventions were administered to students. The first intervention was a nonrandom controlled experiment, in which students opted to answer the PLM questionnaire (N=40), while the control group consisted of students that did not answer it (N=629). The second intervention was a randomized controlled experiment with a placebo, in which students were randomly assigned to perform either the PLM questionnaire (N=51) or another a placebo activity (N=51). The different forms of analysis of the first experiment results yielded Cohen’s d ranging from 0.23 to 0.34 in favor of the PLM intervention. For the second experiment, the effect size was d = -0.11 against the PLM intervention, but the two results were significant. We believe that the cautious conclusion is that there is a null effect in using a PLM activity as part of a CS1 course. The paper is also of interest because of the methodological decisions and techniques used. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Azevedo, Rodolfo Gama, Guilherme Caceffo, Ricardo Wainer, Jacques Garcia, Islene |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ricardo orcidid: 0000-0001-9152-0658 surname: Caceffo fullname: Caceffo, Ricardo – sequence: 2 givenname: Jacques orcidid: 0000-0001-5201-1244 surname: Wainer fullname: Wainer, Jacques – sequence: 3 givenname: Guilherme surname: Gama fullname: Gama, Guilherme – sequence: 4 givenname: Islene orcidid: 0000-0002-6023-5982 surname: Garcia fullname: Garcia, Islene – sequence: 5 givenname: Rodolfo orcidid: 0000-0002-8803-0401 surname: Azevedo fullname: Azevedo, Rodolfo |
| BookMark | eNo9kVtr3DAQhUVJoLn0pb9A0Je2sFvLuvctLE0a2G1DLzRvYiRLrhbH2kh2IP--SlzCPMxwmPk4zDlFR2MaPUJvSbOmSstP-9mVtRaUyVfopNFMrYQW6uhl5rev0Wkp-6ZphdDqBN3e-Oz8YZphwFsPeYxjj3epmwdf8Pub7e4DjiPe_CSfMeBvvocpPnj8w5d5mDCMXVV3fvqbujSkPrpK-bNAztFxgKH4N__7Gfp9-eXX5utq-_3qenOxXTnK9bRi1JFWCasFAGuDBMKCY6QNjVPBQksC6ZTlTirVMuubIG0nQGinNAvCWXqGrhdul2BvDjneQX40CaJ5FlLuDeQpusEbRhSHzirHg2aMW-04pTYE1nqQKnSV9W5hHXK6n32ZzD7Neaz2TfVY38o5aevWetnqoULjGNKUwdXq_F10NY8Qq34hpRSS0IbXg4_LgcuplOzDi03SmKfYzFNs5jk2-g8e6Yuc |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2023 Pensoft Publishers 2023. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2023 Pensoft Publishers – notice: 2023. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 8FE 8FG ABUWG AFKRA ARAPS AZQEC BENPR BGLVJ CCPQU DWQXO GNUQQ HCIFZ JQ2 K7- P62 PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQGLB PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS DOA |
| DOI | 10.3897/jucs.96347 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Technology Collection ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest SciTech Premium Collection Technology Collection Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest Technology Collection ProQuest One ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central Student SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Computer Science Collection Computer Science Database ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection Computer Science Database ProQuest Central Student Technology Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Computer Science Collection ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Technology Collection ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: PIMPY name: Publicly Available Content Database url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Computer Science |
| EISSN | 0948-6968 |
| EndPage | 1009 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_4185adb8c5f9445b9c533bff42ea78fd A777671305 10_3897_jucs_96347 |
| GroupedDBID | 29L 2WC 5GY AAYXX ACGFO ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS CITATION EBS EJD FRP OVT RNS SJN 29J AAKPC AENEX AFFHD AFKRA ARAPS BENPR BGLVJ CCPQU GROUPED_DOAJ H13 HCIFZ IAO ICD ISE ITC IVC K7- OK1 P2P PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PQGLB TR2 8FE 8FG ABUWG AZQEC DWQXO GNUQQ JQ2 P62 PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c359t-43c1286b96aa42f7a14fc412f0c8fba21f1d8b5c78824be0f7bd6a69c894f6cb3 |
| IEDL.DBID | DOA |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 0 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001089496300003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0948-695X |
| IngestDate | Fri Oct 03 12:50:32 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 01 15:01:27 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 04 18:36:51 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 04:59:37 EST 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 9 |
| Language | English |
| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c359t-43c1286b96aa42f7a14fc412f0c8fba21f1d8b5c78824be0f7bd6a69c894f6cb3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8803-0401 0000-0002-6023-5982 0000-0001-5201-1244 0000-0001-9152-0658 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doaj.org/article/4185adb8c5f9445b9c533bff42ea78fd |
| PQID | 2869635512 |
| PQPubID | 6474026 |
| PageCount | 22 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_4185adb8c5f9445b9c533bff42ea78fd proquest_journals_2869635512 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A777671305 crossref_primary_10_3897_jucs_96347 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2023-01-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 01 year: 2023 text: 2023-01-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Bristol |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Bristol |
| PublicationTitle | J.UCS (Annual print and CD-ROM archive ed.) |
| PublicationYear | 2023 |
| Publisher | Pensoft Publishers Graz University of Technology |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Pensoft Publishers – name: Graz University of Technology |
| SSID | ssj0026698 ssj0028598 |
| Score | 2.3028924 |
| Snippet | Perceptual Learning Modules (PLMs) is a variation of Perceptual Learning based on multiple-choice questionnaires. There exists successful research of the use... |
| SourceID | doaj proquest gale crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 988 |
| SubjectTerms | Analysis Computer Science Education CS1 Experiments Flight training Intervention Learning Modules Multiple choice Perceptual Learni Perceptual learning Questionnaires Students |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: Computer Science Database dbid: K7- link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Jb9QwGLWgcOBCy6YOFGQJJOBgGjuOl15Qqag4MKMRi5ib5XVUVGXKJOH313acoRe4cHUsy8rzt3l5D4BX2IqGWVEh74RG1HuJdCMCoq6iIdQ1JyRksQm-WIjVSi7LhltXrlVOPjE7arexaY_8mAgmU3DE5P3VL5RUo9LpapHQuA3uYBKdcDqU5WhXcDEmd0cKiagtu2VJBWKyWY1cpTFe8-Ofg-3exdGTxsqN6JRJ_P_mqnP8Od__35kfgPsl84Sn41J5AG759iHYn1QdYDHyR2C1HO-6DLFzYV9dw_nGDZe-g2-Wn-dv4UULz77iE6jhwq8zczj84rvhsoe6dbF1nmWpJ7cKf4yDPAbfzz9-O_uEiv4CsnUje0RrG6MXM5JpTUngGtNgKSahsiIYTXDATpjGxiqaUOOrwI1jmkkrJA3MmvoJ2Gs3rT8EkDBdGVPZymNHaawpY-XkXcwutfGxgc_Ay-m_q6uRZkPF8iShoxI6KqMzAx8SJLseiRo7N2y2a1UsTSU2Hu2MsE2QlDZG2pjRmhAo8ZqL4GbgdQJUJQPut9rq8g4hTjRRYalTngiOYmhvZuBoAlQVy-7UHzSf_vvzM3AvSdOP2zVHYK_fDv45uGt_9xfd9kVeqNf9V-9_ priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest |
| Title | Perceptual Learning Modules (PLM) in CS1: a Negative Result and a Methodological Warning |
| URI | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2869635512 https://doaj.org/article/4185adb8c5f9445b9c533bff42ea78fd |
| Volume | 29 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos001089496300003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 0948-6968 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0026698 issn: 0948-695X databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20200101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Computer Science Database customDbUrl: eissn: 0948-6968 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0026698 issn: 0948-695X databaseCode: K7- dateStart: 20220101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/compscijour providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 0948-6968 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0026698 issn: 0948-695X databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20220101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 0948-6968 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0026698 issn: 0948-695X databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20220101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LT9VAFD4x4IINokK4gmQSTdRFpZ1OOzPugEA0em8ahHhZTeZJMKSY25bf75k-DBvDhk0XJ5Nm8p05r2b6fQDvMyuK0oo08U7ohHkvE12IkDCXshDynFMaerEJvliI5VJWD6S-4p2wgR54AO4wkqtoZ4QtgmSsMNJig2JCYNRrLoKL2TflchqmxlFLFFIMZKRYkPnh7842n_GoRRGVB-WnZ-n_Xy7uC8zZFmyOnSE5Gnb0Ep75-hW8mFQXyBiEr2FZDXdROlw8sqNek_md6259Qz5WP-afyE1NTn5mX4gmC3_dM3uTc990ty3RtUPrvJeNntIe-TW8ZBsuz04vTr4moz5CYvNCtgnLLVaX0shSa0YD1xkLlmU0pFYEo2kWMidMYXHKpcz4NHDjSl1KKyQLpTX5DqzVd7XfBUJLnRqT2tRnjjGc-XCy8Q67P208GvgM3k2wqT8DDYbC8SGCqyK4qgd3BscR0X8rInV1b0CHqtGh6jGHzuBD9IeKAdautNXjfwK40UhVpY54JCDC0lvMYH9ymRojr1EIiIxNVEbfPMVu9mAjCswPH132Ya1ddf4tPLf37U2zOoD149NFdX7QHz58fucJ2qpv8-rqL7bl4eQ |
| linkProvider | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Jb9QwGLVKQaIXyioGClgCBBxME8fxgoRQKVStZtEIipib8TpqVWXKJAPiT_EbsZ1k4AK3Hrg6lmXHz9_i5T0AnuSGl9TwDDnLFSLOCaRK7hGxGfG-KBjGPolNsMmEz2ZiugF-9m9h4rXK3iYmQ20XJu6R72JORXSOOX5z_hVF1ah4utpLaLSwGLof30PKVr8-ehfm9ynGB--P9w9RpyqATFGKBpHCBJtMtaBKEeyZyok3JMc-M9xrhXOfW65LE3JDTLTLPNOWKioMF8RTo4vQ7iVwmRScxXU1ZGid4FEq1kcYkRguuQFBOKKinLXcqCE-YLunK1O_DKOJmi5_eMMkGvA315D83cH2__anroNrXWQN99qlcANsuOom2O5VK2BnxG6B2bS9y7MKlTt22TkcL-zqzNXw-XQ0fgFPKrj_MX8FFZy4eWJGhx9cvTproKpsKB0n2e3ebcDPbSO3wacLGd8dsFktKncXQExVpnVmMpdbQkLOHDJDZ0P0rLQLBWwAHvfzLM9bGhEZ0q-IBhnRIBMaBuBthMC6RqT-TgWL5Vx2lkRGtiFlNTelF4SUWpgQsWvvCXaKcW8H4FkEkIwGqlkqo7p3FqGjkepL7rFI4BRCl3IAdnoAyc5y1fI3eu79-_MjcPXweDySo6PJ8D7YwiH4a7emdsBms1y5B-CK-dac1MuHaZFA8OWisfYLyOlN_Q |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Perceptual+Learning+Modules+%28PLM%29+in+CS1%3A+a+Negative+Result+and+a+Methodological+Warning&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+universal+computer+science&rft.au=Ricardo+Caceffo&rft.au=Jacques+Wainer&rft.au=Guilherme+Gama&rft.au=Islene+Garcia&rft.date=2023-01-01&rft.pub=Graz+University+of+Technology&rft.eissn=0948-6968&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=988&rft.epage=1009&rft_id=info:doi/10.3897%2Fjucs.96347&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_4185adb8c5f9445b9c533bff42ea78fd |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0948-695X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0948-695X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0948-695X&client=summon |