Analysis of adding-runs strategy for peak-hour regular bus services

•Proposing a new adding-runs strategy for peak-hour bus services to alleviate crowding effects.•Developing a bi-level programming model for the optimal adding-runs strategy.•User heterogeneity is considered in model formulation.•Examining the effectiveness of the proposed adding-runs strategy numeri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Transportation research. Part E, Logistics and transportation review Vol. 143; p. 102100
Main Authors: An, Qinhe, Fu, Xiao, Huang, Di, Cheng, Qixiu, Liu, Zhiyuan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2020
Subjects:
Adding bus runs
Bi-level programming problem
Peak-hour crowding
System optimum
User equilibrium
Adding bus runs
User equilibrium
System optimum
Bi-level programming problem
Peak-hour crowding
ISSN:1366-5545, 1878-5794
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:•Proposing a new adding-runs strategy for peak-hour bus services to alleviate crowding effects.•Developing a bi-level programming model for the optimal adding-runs strategy.•User heterogeneity is considered in model formulation.•Examining the effectiveness of the proposed adding-runs strategy numerically. This paper proposes an adding-runs strategy to alleviate in-vehicle crowding for peak-hour bus services. Passengers’ departure time choices under user equilibrium and system optimum conditions are investigated with and without adding-runs strategy. A bi-level programming model is developed to determine the optimal adding-runs strategy. An artificial bee colony algorithm is adopted to solve the proposed bi-level problem. Numerical examples show that the adding-runs strategy is effective in alleviating crowding effects and reducing schedule delay in peak-hour bus services. The total system cost can be reduced by more than 8% with the optimal adding-runs strategy.
ISSN:1366-5545
1878-5794
DOI:10.1016/j.tre.2020.102100